151 research outputs found
Is there a prescribed parameter's space for the adiabatic geometric phase?
The Aharonov-Anandan and Berry phases are determined for the cyclic motions
of a non-relativistic charged spinless particle evolving in the superposition
of the fields produced by a Penning trap and a rotating magnetic field.
Discussion about the selection of the parameter's space and the relationship
between the Berry phase and the symmetry of the binding potential is given.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
The acceptability of an internet-based exposure treatment for flying phobia with and without therapist guidance: Patients’ expectations, satisfaction, treatment preferences, and usability
Purpose: Internet-based treatments have been tested for several psychological disorders. However, few studies have directly assessed the acceptability of these self-applied interventions in terms of expectations, satisfaction, treatment preferences, and usability. Moreover, no studies provide this type of data on Internet-based treatment for flying phobia (FP), with or without therapist guidance. The aim of this study was to analyze the acceptability of an Internet-based treatment for FP (NO-FEAR Airlines) that includes exposure scenarios composed of images and real sounds. A secondary aim was to compare patients’ acceptance of two ways of delivering this treatment (with or without therapist guidance).
Patients and methods: The sample included 46 participants from a randomized controlled trial who had received the self-applied intervention with (n = 23) or without (n = 23) therapist guidance. All participants completed an assessment protocol conducted online and by telephone at both pre- and posttreatment.
Results: Results showed good expectations, satisfaction, opinion, and usability, regardless of the presence of therapist guidance, including low aversiveness levels from before to after the intervention. However, participants generally preferred the therapist-supported condition.
Conclusion: NO-FEAR Airlines is a well-accepted Internet-based treatment that can help enhance the application of the exposure technique, improving patient acceptance and access to FP treatment
Examination of the Feynman-Hibbs Approach in the Study of Ne-Coronene Clusters at Low Temperatures
Feynman-Hibbs (FH) effective potentials constitute an appealing approach for
investigations of many-body systems at thermal equilibrium since they allow us
to easily include quantum corrections within standard classical simulations. In
this work we apply the FH formulation to the study of Ne-coronene clusters
( 1-4, 14) in the 2-14 K temperature range. Quadratic (FH2) and quartic
(FH4) contributions to the effective potentials are built upon Ne-Ne and
Ne-coronene analytical potentials. In particular, a new corrected expression
for the FH4 effective potential is reported. FH2 and FH4 cluster energies and
structures -obtained from energy optimization through a basin-hoping algorithm
as well as classical Monte Carlo simulations- are reported and compared with
reference path integral Monte Carlo calculations. For temperatures K,
both FH2 and FH4 potentials are able to correct the purely classical
calculations in a consistent way. However, the FH approach fails at lower
temperatures, especially the quartic correction. It is thus crucial to assess
the range of applicability of this formulation and, in particular, to apply the
FH4 potentials with great caution. A simple model of isotropic harmonic
oscillators allows us to propose a means of estimating the cut-off temperature
for the validity of the method, which is found to increase with the number of
atoms adsorbed on the coronene molecule
Smarr's formula for black holes with non-linear electrodynamics
It is known that for nonlinear electrodynamics the First Law of Black Hole
Mechanics holds, however the Smarr's formula for the total mass does not. In
this contribution we discuss the point and determine the corresponding
expressions for the Bardeen black hole solution that represents a nonlinear
magnetic monopole. The same is done for the regular black hole solution derived
by Ayon-Beato and Garcia, showing that in the case that variations of the
electric charge are involved, the Smarr's formula does not longer is valid.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures.Contribution to the Festscrift of Prof. A. Garci
Distribution of non-AT(1), non-AT(2) binding of (125)I-Sarcosine(1), Isoleucine(8) angiotensin II in neurolysin knockout mouse brains
The recent identification of a novel binding site for angiotensin (Ang) II as the peptidase neurolysin (E.C. 3.4.24.16) has implications for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). This report describes the distribution of specific binding of 125I-Sarcosine1, Isoleucine8 Ang II (125I-SI Ang II) in neurolysin knockout mouse brains compared to wild-type mouse brains using quantitative receptor autoradiography. In the presence of p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB), which unmasks the novel binding site, widespread distribution of specific (3 microM Ang II displaceable) 125I-SI Ang II binding in 32 mouse brain regions was observed. Highest levels of binding >700 fmol/g initial wet weight were seen in hypothalamic, thalamic and septal regions, while the lowest level of binding <300 fmol/g initial wet weight was in the mediolateral medulla. 125I-SI Ang II binding was substantially higher by an average of 85% in wild-type mouse brains compared to neurolysin knockout brains, suggesting the presence of an additional non-AT1, non-AT2, non-neurolysin Ang II binding site in the mouse brain. Binding of 125I-SI Ang II to neurolysin in the presence of PCMB was highest in hypothalamic and ventral cortical brain regions, but broadly distributed across all regions surveyed. Non-AT1, non-AT2, non-neurolysin binding was also highest in the hypothalamus but had a different distribution than neurolysin. There was a significant reduction in AT2 receptor binding in the neurolysin knockout brain and a trend towards decreased AT1 receptor binding. In the neurolysin knockout brains, the size of the lateral ventricles was increased by 56% and the size of the mid forebrain (-2.72 to +1.48 relative to Bregma) was increased by 12%. These results confirm the identity of neurolysin as a novel Ang II binding site, suggesting that neurolysin may play a significant role in opposing the pathophysiological actions of the brain RAS and influencing brain morphology
Charged Dual String Vacua from Interacting Rotating Black Holes Via Discrete and Nonlinear Symmetries
Using the stationary formulation of the toroidally compactified heterotic
string theory in terms of a pair of matrix Ernst potentials we consider the
four-dimensional truncation of this theory with no U(1) vector fields excited.
Imposing one time-like Killing vector permits us to express the stationary
effective action as a model in which gravity is coupled to a matrix Ernst
potential which, under certain parametrization, allows us to interpret the
matter sector of this theory as a double Ernst system. We generate a web of
string vacua which are related to each other via a set of discrete symmetries
of the effective action (some of them involve S-duality transformations and
possess non-perturbative character). Some physical implications of these
discrete symmetries are analyzed and we find that, in some particular cases,
they relate rotating black holes coupled to a dilaton with no Kalb--Ramond
field, static black holes with non-trivial dilaton and antisymmetric tensor
fields, and rotating and static naked singularities. Further, by applying a
nonlinear symmetry, namely, the so-called normalized Harrison transformation,
on the seed field configurations corresponding to these neutral backgrounds, we
recover the U(1)^n Abelian vector sector of the four-dimensional action of the
heterotic string, charging in this way the double Ernst system which
corresponds to each one of the neutral string vacua, i.e., the stationary and
the static black holes and the naked singularities.Comment: 19 pages in latex, added referenc
Negative and positive affect regulation in a transdiagnostic internet-based protocol for emotional disorders: Randomized controlled trial
Background: Emotional disorders (EDs) are among the most prevalent mental disorders. Existing evidence-based psychological treatments are not sufficient to reduce the disease burden of mental disorders. It is therefore essential to implement innovative solutions to achieve a successful dissemination of psychological treatment protocols, and in this regard, the use of information and communication technologies such as the internet can be very useful. Furthermore, the literature suggests that not everyone with an ED receives the appropriate treatment. This situation has led to the development of new intervention proposals based on the transdiagnostic perspective, which attempts to address the underlying processes common to EDs. Most of these transdiagnostic interventions focus primarily on downregulating negative affectivity (NA), and less attention has been paid to strengths and the upregulation of positive affectivity, despite its importance for well-being and mental health.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a transdiagnostic internet-based treatment for EDs in a community sample.
Methods: A 3-armed randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 216 participants were randomly assigned to a transdiagnostic internet-based protocol (TIBP), a TIBP+ positive affect (PA) component, or a waiting list (WL) control group. The treatment protocol contained core components mainly addressed to downregulate NA (ie, present-focused emotional awareness and acceptance, cognitive flexibility, behavioral and emotional avoidance patterns, and interoceptive and situational exposure) as well as a PA regulation component to promote psychological strengths and enhance well-being. Data on depression, anxiety, quality of life, neuroticism and extraversion, and PA/NA before and after treatment were analyzed. Expectations and opinions of treatment were also analyzed.
Results: Within-group comparisons indicated significant pre-post reductions in the two experimental conditions. In the TIBP+PA condition, the effect sizes were large for all primary outcomes (d=1.42, Beck Depression Inventory [BDI-II]; d=0.91, Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI]; d=1.27, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Positive [PANAS-P]; d=1.26, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Negative [PANAS-N]), whereas the TIBP condition yielded large effect sizes for BDI-II (d=1.19) and PANAS-N (d=1.28) and medium effect sizes for BAI (d=0.63) and PANAS-P (d=0.69). Between-group comparisons revealed that participants who received one of the two active treatments scored better at posttreatment than WL participants. Although there were no statistically significant differences between the two intervention groups on the PA measure, effect sizes were consistently larger in the TIBP+PA condition than in the standard transdiagnostic protocol.
Conclusions: Overall, the findings indicate that EDs can be effectively treated with a transdiagnostic intervention via the internet, as significant improvements in depression, anxiety, and quality of life measures were observed. Regarding PA measures, promising effects were found, but more research is needed to study the role of PA as a therapeutic component
Non-minimal coupling of photons and axions
We establish a new self-consistent system of equations accounting for a
non-minimal interaction of gravitational, electromagnetic and axion fields. The
procedure is based on a non-minimal extension of the standard
Einstein-Maxwell-axion action. The general properties of a ten-parameter family
of non-minimal linear models are discussed. We apply this theory to the models
with pp-wave symmetry and consider propagation of electromagnetic waves
non-minimally coupled to the gravitational and axion fields. We focus on exact
solutions of electrodynamic equations, which describe quasi-minimal and
non-minimal optical activity induced by the axion field. We also discuss
empirical constraints on coupling parameters from astrophysical birefringence
and polarization rotation observations.Comment: 31 pages, 2 Tables; replaced with the final version published in
Classical and Quantum Gravit
How can exact and approximate solutions of Einstein's field equations be compared?
The problem of comparison of the stationary axisymmetric vacuum solutions
obtained within the framework of exact and approximate approaches for the
description of the same general relativistic systems is considered. We suggest
two ways of carrying out such comparison: (i) through the calculation of the
Ernst complex potential associated with the approximate solution whose form on
the symmetry axis is subsequently used for the identification of the exact
solution possessing the same multipole structure, and (ii) the generation of
approximate solutions from exact ones by expanding the latter in series of
powers of a small parameter. The central result of our paper is the derivation
of the correct approximate analogues of the double-Kerr solution possessing the
physically meaningful equilibrium configurations. We also show that the
interpretation of an approximate solution originally attributed to it on the
basis of some general physical suppositions may not coincide with its true
nature established with the aid of a more accurate technique.Comment: 32 pages, 5 figure
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