Helsefremmende og forebyggende hjemmebesøk 2012

Trondheim kommune etablerte Infosenteret for seniorer (heretter omtalt som IS) som et prosjekt i 2003. Bakgrunnen for etableringen var et ønske om å styrke forebyggings- og rehabiliteringsarbeidet i kommunen. I 2004 ble IS et fast tilbud for byens seniorer, hvor forebyggende hjemmebesøk har vært en av de prioriterte oppgavene. I dag har Infosenteret 4.6 årsverk. Det er ansatt helsepersonell med ulik kompetanse innen aldring og eldreomsorg. IS består av et tverrfaglig team hvor fagutvikling og kreative diskusjoner har vært en integrert del av utviklingsarbeidet i det helsefremmende og forebyggende arbeidet for eldre i kommunen

A quality oriented approach towards information requirement determination in equivocal situations

Analysis of users’ needs is one of the key determinants of any system’s success and the foundation of requirement determination process. Yet because of the complexity of human’s needs, the process of requirement determination for developing systems to meet human’s needs is often ad hoc and poorly understood (Browne & Ramesh, 2002). Poor execution of Information Requirement Determination (IRD) will almost guarantee the failure of the final project, as a result a significant portion of requirement determination activities are dedicated to determining users’ information level requirements (Hickey & Davis, 2004) which in this study is referred to as IRD. There is no commonly accepted IRD method for all situations and therefore IRD methods are leaning toward specialised methods, designed for specific contexts and situations (Siau & Rossi, 2011). However a significant proportion of IRD literature is focused on organisational context while there are other complex contexts which require researchers’ attention. One such situations for which no specialised IRD method could be found in the literature is the context of “Individual Decision Making in Equivocal Situations (IDMES)” which in this study is defined as: Contexts in which an individual should make important decisions in complex and equivocal situations he/she is not an expert in. Examples of IDMES could be identified in healthcare where a patient who is not a trained healthcare professional has to choose between several available treatments for a serious health problem. Complexity of decisions a patient needs to make is comparable to the complex decisions that a manager must make in an organisation. The differentiation is that patients are not healthcare specialists but managers are specialists of the area in which they make decisions. In such situations providing higher amount of information to users may actually increase the uncertainty they face (e.g. overloading a patient with information). Therefore, in developing information systems for supporting decision making in such contexts, extra attention should be paid to determining other characteristics of users’ information needs, namely: quality and source. To establish a theoretical foundation for the IRD method required in this context, a conceptual model labelled as Quality Requirement Determination (QRD) model has been generated in this study. To develop the QRD model, two concepts of Information Quality (IQ) and Information Seeking Behaviour (ISB) have been leveraged. Although both IQ and ISB are mature topics, their applications in IRD methods are not very well studied (Gharib & Giorgini, 2015; Savolainen, 2007, 2008; Sonnenwald, Wildemuth, & Harmon, 2001). To evaluate the QRD model, it has been applied to the case of parenting children with autism. This case has been selected because it meets all the characteristics of IDMES, namely because: 1) autism cause and cure are unknown and therefore selecting from the array of available interventions “is a nightmare for desperate parents” (Crawford, 2013, p. 53). 2) Parents must individually make decisions in a context in which they are not trained experts even though over time they develop a certain level of practical experience. Seventeen parents were interviewed about their information seeking behaviours when they needed to decide on interventions necessary for a specific problem. The results of the data analysis confirm the existence of the relationships between perceived information needs, source preference behaviour and quality requirements proposed in the QRD model. The information requirements which arose from the case of parenting children with autism is embodied in the QRD presentation matrix. It leverages a nine cell matrix with each cell representing a cognitive role played by the information sources in the users’ information horizon1 . The QRD presentation matrix along with the QRD model and associated data collection and analysis techniques are called QRD method. To evaluate the usability of determined information by the QRD method, results of an instrumental case study were presented to a group of IS practitioners. The selected IS practitioners have been chosen from variety of expertise involved in developing information systems to reflect the maximum variety of opinions. The interview results demonstrated the value of the QRD method for a number of key practical activities in the IRD process, namely: context study, problem definition, quality requirement analysis, quality implementation, designing information flow and user interface design

Einar Gerhardsen - hverdagsrehabiliteringens far?

I kunnskapsbasert praksis kan man av og til få inntrykk av at det handler mest om kunnskap som er fremskaffet på en vitenskapelig måte; forskningsbasert kunnskap. Dette essayet ønsker å sette søkelyset på de to andre kunnskapskildene, erfaringsbasert kunnskap og brukerkunnskap. Mennesker vi møter i vår kliniske hverdag kan gi viktige tanker til faglig utvikling og modning. Her vil jeg beskrive hvordan Einar Gerhardsen i mange år har påvirket min faglige utvikling

Challenges and motivators to physical activity faced by retired men when ageing: a qualitative study

Background Active ageing reflects the message from World Health Organisation about addressing the challenge faced by the rapidly ageing population. Knowledge about barriers and facilitators to an active lifestyle must be given more attention. In addition, men seem to participate less in cultural activities and less in fall-prevention groups than women do. When mostly women work with the elderly in primary care, one might question whether the activities offered to older men meet their activity preferences. The aim of this study is to provide new knowledge about challenges and motivators encountered by retired men in maintaining physical activity when ageing. Methods Nine retired men, aged between 66 and 83, wrote a Time Geographic Diary for 7 days each. Two focus group discussions with the men were held. A Systemic Text Condensation was used to analyse the data. Results The analyses identified three categories to describe challenges in being physical active: differences between men and women; meaningful physical activity; and environmental - especially socio-cultural - constraints. Motivating conditions were seen as: new activities to get younger friends, and more information about how to cope. Conclusions To achieve the aim of active ageing, service providers as well as local authorities need to have a better understanding of the challenges retired men encounter when ageing. This study highlights vital aspects of the challenges faced by retired men in maintaining their physical activity level

Challenges and motivators to physical activity faced by retired men when ageing: a qualitative study

Background Active ageing reflects the message from World Health Organisation about addressing the challenge faced by the rapidly ageing population. Knowledge about barriers and facilitators to an active lifestyle must be given more attention. In addition, men seem to participate less in cultural activities and less in fall-prevention groups than women do. When mostly women work with the elderly in primary care, one might question whether the activities offered to older men meet their activity preferences. The aim of this study is to provide new knowledge about challenges and motivators encountered by retired men in maintaining physical activity when ageing. Methods Nine retired men, aged between 66 and 83, wrote a Time Geographic Diary for 7 days each. Two focus group discussions with the men were held. A Systemic Text Condensation was used to analyse the data. Results The analyses identified three categories to describe challenges in being physical active: differences between men and women; meaningful physical activity; and environmental - especially socio-cultural - constraints. Motivating conditions were seen as: new activities to get younger friends, and more information about how to cope. Conclusions To achieve the aim of active ageing, service providers as well as local authorities need to have a better understanding of the challenges retired men encounter when ageing. This study highlights vital aspects of the challenges faced by retired men in maintaining their physical activity level.publishedVersion© The Author(s). 2018 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated