Migrants Selection and Replacement in Distributed Evolutionary Algorithms for Dynamic Optimization

Many distributed systems (task scheduling, moving priorities, changing mobile environments, ...) can be linked as Dynamic Optimization Problems (DOPs), since they require to pursue an optimal value that changes over time. Consequently, we have focused on the utilization of Distributed Genetic Algorithms (dGAs), one of the domains still to be investigated for DOPs. A dGA essentially decentralizes the population in islands which cooperate through migrations of individuals. In this article, we analyze the effect of the migrants selection and replacement on the performance of the dGA for DOPs. Quality and distance based criteria are tested using a comprehensive set of benchmarks. Results show the benefits and drawbacks of each setting in dynamic optimization.Universidad de Málaga. Proyecto roadME (TIN2011-28194). Programa de movilidad de la AUIP

Design and simulation of a distortion masking control algorithm for a pneumatic cylinder

Low energy efficiency is one of the main detractors of fluid power technology. To ensure the availability and sustainability of energy sources, fluid power technology needs to meet high energy-efficiency and cost standards. This study aims to design, simulate and test a control algorithm that attenuates the detrimental effects of air compressibility on the performance and efficiency of a pneumatic cylinder. The transmission of power over long distances makes it more difficult for fluid power technology to meet energy-efficiency and cost requirements. Transmitting power over long distances represents a challenge particularly for pneumatics due to the compressibility of air. The compressibility of air transmitted through lengthy tubing decreases the performance and efficiency of pneumatic actuators, mainly affecting their time response and velocity. The system under analysis was composed of a pneumatic cylinder, two proportional control valves, and connective tubing. The dynamics of the individual components were characterized through experimentation. Nonlinear and linear models for the system were validated through the comparison of simulated and experimental data. The models predicted the system behavior more accurately at 2.5 Hz, when friction effects became negligible, as compared to 1.0 and 0.5 Hz. A controller was designed using pole/zero cancellation, a control strategy able to mask undesirable dynamics of the system being controlled. Pole/zero cancellation had superior performance in the attenuation of air compressibility effects in comparison to proportional and proportional-derivative (PD) control. System performance and efficiency were assessed in terms of the variation of the length of tubing connecting the pneumatic cylinder and the control valves. Pole/zero cancellation enabled the cylinder to achieve similar levels of performance for long (3.0 m) tubing as with short (0.55 m) tubing. With a 1.0-Hz sinusoidal input and equal control gains, pole/zero cancellation reduced the tracking error by approximately 30% and 23% in comparison to proportional and PD control, respectively. In terms of efficiency, with the system tracking a 2.5-Hz sinusoidal command, and using equal control gains, pole/zero cancellation increased the cylinder efficiency by approximately 36% and 54% in comparison to proportional and PD control, respectively. In general, pole/zero cancellation increased the system performance and efficiency in comparison to the other control schemes applied

Sensitivity study of explosive nucleosynthesis in type Ia supernovae: Modification of individual thermonuclear reaction rates

Background: Type Ia supernovae contribute significantly to the nucleosynthesis of many Fe-group and intermediate-mass elements. However, the robustness of nucleosynthesis obtained via models of this class of explosions has not been studied in depth until now. Purpose: We explore the sensitivity of the nucleosynthesis resulting from thermonuclear explosions of massive white dwarfs with respect to uncertainties in nuclear reaction rates. We put particular emphasis on indentifying the individual reactions rates that most strongly affect the isotopic products of these supernovae. Method: We have adopted a standard one-dimensional delayed detonation model of the explosion of a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf and have postprocessed the thermodynamic trajectories of every mass shellwith a nucleosynthetic code to obtain the chemical composition of the ejected matter. We have considered increases (decreases) by a factor of 10 on the rates of 1196 nuclear reactions (simultaneously with their inverse reactions), repeating the nucleosynthesis calculations after modification of each reaction rate pair. We have computed as well hydrodynamic models for different rates of the fusion reactions of 12C and of 16O. From the calculations we have selected the reactions that have the largest impact on the supernova yields, and we have computed again the nucleosynthesis using two or three alternative prescriptions for their rates, taken from the JINA REACLIB database. For the three reactions with the largest sensitivity we have analyzed as well the temperature ranges where a modification of their rates has the strongest effect on nucleosynthesis. Results: The nucleosynthesis resulting from the type Ia supernova models is quite robust with respect to variations of nuclear reaction rates,with the exception of the reaction of fusion of two 12C nuclei. The energy of the explosion changes by less than ∼4% when the rates of the reactions 12C + 12C or 16O + 16O are multiplied by a factor of ×10 or ×0.1. The changes in the nucleosynthesis owing to the modification of the rates of these fusion reactions are also quite modest; for instance, no species with a mass fraction larger than 0.02 experiences a variation of its yield larger than a factor of 2. We provide the sensitivity of the yields of the most abundant species with respect to the rates of the most intense reactions with protons, neutrons, and α. In general, the yields of Fe-group nuclei are more robust than the yields of intermediate-mass elements. Among the species with yields larger than 10−8M , 35S has the largest sensitivity to the nuclear reaction rates. It is remarkable that the reactions involving elements with Z > 22 have a tiny influence on the supernova nucleosynthesis. Among the charged-particle reactions, the most influential on supernova nucleosynthesis are 30Si + p 31P + γ , 20Ne + α 24Mg + γ , and 24Mg + α 27Al + p. The temperatures at which a modification of their rate has a larger impact are in the range 2 T 4 GK.Postprint (published version

Using a Communication Model to Collect Measurement Data through Mobile Devices

Wireless systems and services have undergone remarkable development since the first mobile phone system was introduced in the early 1980s. The use of sensors in an Ambient Intelligence approach is a great solution in a medical environment. We define a communication architecture to facilitate the information transfer between all connected devices. This model is based in layers to allow the collection of measurement data to be used in our framework monitoring architecture. An overlay-based solution is built between network elements in order to provide an efficient and highly functional communication platform that allows the connection of a wide variety of devices and technologies, and serves also to perform additional functions such as the possibility to perform some processing in the network that may help to improve overall performance.Wireless systems and services have undergone remarkable development since the first mobile phone system was introduced in the early 1980s. The use of sensors in an Ambient Intelligence approach is a great solution in a medical environment. We define a communication architecture to facilitate the information transfer between all connected devices. This model is based in layers to allow the collection of measurement data to be used in our framework monitoring architecture. An overlay-based solution is built between network elements in order to provide an efficient and highly functional communication platform that allows the connection of a wide variety of devices and technologies, and serves also to perform additional functions such as the possibility to perform some processing in the network that may help to improve overall performance

Monitoring Architecture to collect measurement data and medical patient control through mobile devices

Patients constant monitoring is considered one of the most relevant aspects in healthcare. The development of a framework to communicate information between mobile and biometric devices allows constant monitoring of the patient, is viewed as a solution to healthcare issues. In this paper, we define an important element in framework design like that: a group of ontologies called MoMOntology that represent the ontologies of mobile monitoring process and allow collecting data from biometrics devices. An overlay-based solution is implemented between network elements in order to build an efficient and highly functional communication platform. In order to develop mobile monitoring applications, we define a MobiPattern for each module generation; and finally, we develop a framework compounded by an application for the patient on the mobile phone and an application for doctors on the personal computer.Patients constant monitoring is considered one of the most relevant aspects in healthcare. The development of a framework to communicate information between mobile and biometric devices allows constant monitoring of the patient, is viewed as a solution to healthcare issues. In this paper, we define an important element in framework design like that: a group of ontologies called MoMOntology that represent the ontologies of mobile monitoring process and allow collecting data from biometrics devices. An overlay-based solution is implemented between network elements in order to build an efficient and highly functional communication platform. In order to develop mobile monitoring applications, we define a MobiPattern for each module generation; and finally, we develop a framework compounded by an application for the patient on the mobile phone and an application for doctors on the personal computer

Using a Communication Model to Collect Measurement Data through Mobile Devices

Wireless systems and services have undergone remarkable development since the first mobile phone system was introduced in the early 1980s. The use of sensors in an Ambient Intelligence approach is a great solution in a medical environment. We define a communication architecture to facilitate the information transfer between all connected devices. This model is based in layers to allow the collection of measurement data to be used in our framework monitoring architecture. An overlay-based solution is built between network elements in order to provide an efficient and highly functional communication platform that allows the connection of a wide variety of devices and technologies, and serves also to perform additional functions such as the possibility to perform some processing in the network that may help to improve overall performance.Wireless systems and services have undergone remarkable development since the first mobile phone system was introduced in the early 1980s. The use of sensors in an Ambient Intelligence approach is a great solution in a medical environment. We define a communication architecture to facilitate the information transfer between all connected devices. This model is based in layers to allow the collection of measurement data to be used in our framework monitoring architecture. An overlay-based solution is built between network elements in order to provide an efficient and highly functional communication platform that allows the connection of a wide variety of devices and technologies, and serves also to perform additional functions such as the possibility to perform some processing in the network that may help to improve overall performance

Una Aproximación a un Problema Particular de Dedekind y Secciones del Carcaj de Auslander-Reiten en Álgebras Hereditarias de Tipo Representación Finito

Fahr y Ringel presentan una fórmula de partición para los números de Fibonacci de indice par usando el carcaj de Auslander-Reiten del carcaj 3-Kronecker e introducen el término categorificación para una sucesión de números enteros. En este trabajo, se usará la estructura de algunas álgebras de caminos de tipo representación infinito para obtener una fórmula del número de anticadenas de dos puntos en el conjunto de partes de n elementos ordenado por la inclusión y categorificaciones de las sucesiones A083329, A052951, A049611 y A000295 en la OEIS que están dadas por el uso del número de secciones con un sumidero en el carcaj de Auslander-Reiten de álgebras de caminos con grafo subyacente del tipo Dynkin An, Dn,E6, E7 y E8.Abstract. Fahr and Ringel [13, 14] presented a partition formula for the even index Fibonacci numbers using the Auslander-Reiten quiver of the 3−Kronecker quiver and introduced the term categorication for a sequence of integer numbers. In this work, it will be used the structure of some path algebras of infinite representation type in order to obtain a formula the number of two-point antichains in the powerset 2 n of an n-element set ordered by inclusion and categorifications of the integer sequences A083329, A052951, A049611 and A000295 in the OEIS which are given by using the number of sections in the Auslander-Reiten quiver of path algebras of type k∆ where ∆ is an oriented Dynkin diagram of type An, Dn, E6, E7 and E8.Maestrí

Efecto de la implementación de buenas practicas ganaderas sobre algunos parámetros productivos en una lechería de Neira Caldas

Los sistemas de producción lecheras de todo el mundo deben ser capaces de combinar la rentabilidad con la responsabilidad de la protección de la salud y bienestar tanto Animal como humana, para así asegurar el acceso al mercado. Todos los eslabones de la cadena láctea deben asumir esa responsabilidad, desde las producciones lecheras hasta el consumidor final (1). Los ganaderos, como primer eslabón en la cadena de abastecimiento, se les debe proporcionar la oportunidad de añadir valor a su producto, adoptando métodos de producción que satisfagan las demandas de los transformadores y de los consumidores es allí donde este estudio se propuso realizar la intervención en un sistema de producción de leche en el municipio de Neira, Caldas, al cual se le determinaron algunas falencias (ectoparásitos, anemias, mastitis, entre otros), luego se tomaron algunas correcciones y finalmente se dejaron establecidas normas de las buenas prácticas de manufactura en el sector lechero, los exámenes de laboratorio tomados para correlacionar el efecto de la implementación de las BPP arrojaron algunos datos satisfactorios una vez que se realizaron las correcciones a dichas falencias por medio de intervención médica. Con esto se corroboro la importancia del acompañamiento por parte de un profesional en el área y como una pequeña producción de leche se puede ver afectada por la implementación de buenas prácticas de manejo

Diferencias anatómicas, fisiológicas y químicas entre poblaciones de Pseudocyphellaria flavicans (Hook. f. & Taylor) Vain. de Chile

Environmental conditions can affect lichen morphology, physiology and chemistry. Some functional traits; like thickness of thalluslayers, photosystems condition, and presence of photoprotective and antioxidant compounds are key to colonizing new sites, and canchange depending on light and moisture availability. In the present study, we compared the morphology, physiology and chemistry ofthe native Chilean lichen Pseudocyphellaria flavicans from two Coastal populations (Nahuelbuta and Contulmo, Araucanía district),and one Andean population (Ralco, Bío-Bío district). Ralco is a more closed secondary forest, and can show dryer periods comparedto Nahuelbuta and Contulmo. We found differences in thalli anatomy between populations. Ralco individuals had thinner uppercortex than Nahuelbuta individuals. Contulmo individuals had similar upper cortex thickness compared to the other two populations.We also found differences in the response of the maximal efficiency of the PSII (Fv/Fm) to desiccation and in the in situ valuesmeasured. We did not find differences between populations in the chemical traits. The differences between populations could beattributed to differences in local environmental conditions, namely moisture and light.Las condiciones ambientales afectan la morfología, fisiología y química de los líquenes. Ciertos rasgos funcionales, como el grosorde las distintas capas del talo, estado de los fotosistemas, y presencia de compuestos fotoprotectores y antioxidantes son claves paracolonizar nuevos sitios y pueden variar dependiendo de la disponibilidad de luz y humedad. En este trabajo se comparó la morfología,fisiología y química de individuos del liquen nativo de Chile Pseudocyphellaria flavicans de dos poblaciones de la Cordillera de laCosta (Nahuelbuta y Contulmo, Región de la Araucanía) y una de la Cordillera de los Andes (Ralco, Región del Bío-Bío). Ralco es unbosque más cerrado y presenta periodos más secos, comparado con Nahuelbuta y Contulmo. Se encontraron diferencias significativasen la anatomía del talo entre poblaciones. Los individuos de Ralco presentaron una corteza superior más delgada en relación con losde Nahuelbuta. Los individuos de Contulmo presentaron una corteza similar a las otras dos poblaciones. También se encontrarondiferencias en las curvas de respuesta de la eficiencia máxima del PSII (Fv/Fm) a la desecación y los valores medidos in situ. No seencontraron diferencias entre poblaciones en las variables químicas medidas. Las diferencias entre poblaciones podrían atribuirse adiferencias en las condiciones ambientales locales, principalmente humedad y luminosidad