The Role of Uncertainty in Data Breach Response Processes - A Reactance Theory Perspective

Data breaches lead to inherent uncertainty among customers due to the compromise of information and its potential consequences for customers, e.g., identity theft or credit card misuse. Previous research has focused on outcome-based strategies to address these negative impacts. However, informed by reactance theory, we argue that customers feel a loss of control due to the induced uncertainty and that companies need to tackle these impacts. We test our hypotheses in two empirical studies. The results of Study 1 suggest that data breaches indeed lead to an increased perception of uncertainty among customers. Study 2 examines to what extent the establishment of control can mitigate the negative uncertainty effects. We highlight that by providing customers with control, companies can reduce the degree of uncertainty and increase satisfaction with the response. By conceptualizing choice as a catalyst for perceived control, we offer practitioners a novel strategy for responding to data breaches

Surface velocity and mass balance of Livingston Island ice cap, Antarctica

The mass budget of the ice caps surrounding the Antarctica Peninsula and, in particular, the partitioning of its main components are poorly known. Here we approximate frontal ablation (i.e. the sum of mass losses by calving and submarine melt) and surface mass balance of the ice cap of Livingston Island, the second largest island in the South Shetland Islands archipelago, and analyse variations in surface velocity for the period 2007–2011. Velocities are obtained from feature tracking using 25 PALSAR-1 images, and used in conjunction with estimates of glacier ice thicknesses inferred from principles of glacier dynamics and ground-penetrating radar observations to estimate frontal ablation rates by a flux-gate approach. Glacier-wide surface mass-balance rates are approximated from in situ observations on two glaciers of the ice cap. Within the limitations of the large uncertainties mostly due to unknown ice thicknesses at the flux gates, we find that frontal ablation (−509 ± 263 Mt yr−1, equivalent to −0.73 ± 0.38 m w.e. yr−1 over the ice cap area of 697 km2) and surface ablation (−0.73 ± 0.10 m w.e. yr−1) contribute similar shares to total ablation (−1.46 ± 0.39 m w.e. yr−1). Total mass change (δM = −0.67 ± 0.40 m w.e. yr−1) is negative despite a slightly positive surface mass balance (0.06 ± 0.14 m w.e. yr−1). We find large interannual and, for some basins, pronounced seasonal variations in surface velocities at the flux gates, with higher velocities in summer than in winter. Associated variations in frontal ablation (of ~237 Mt yr−1; −0.34 m w.e. yr−1) highlight the importance of taking into account the seasonality in ice velocities when computing frontal ablation with a flux-gate approach

Structure and antagonism of the receptor complex mediated by human TSLP in allergy and asthma

The pro-inflammatory cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is pivotal to the pathophysiology of widespread allergic diseases mediated by type 2 helper T cell (Th2) responses, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. The emergence of human TSLP as a clinical target against asthma calls for maximally harnessing its therapeutic potential via structural and mechanistic considerations. Here we employ an integrative experimental approach focusing on productive and antagonized TSLP complexes and free cytokine. We reveal how cognate receptor TSLPR allosterically activates TSLP to potentiate the recruitment of the shared interleukin 7 receptor a-chain (IL-7Ra) by leveraging the flexibility, conformational heterogeneity and electrostatics of the cytokine. We further show that the monoclonal antibody Tezepelumab partly exploits these principles to neutralize TSLP activity. Finally, we introduce a fusion protein comprising a tandem of the TSLPR and IL-7Ra extracellular domains, which harnesses the mechanistic intricacies of the TSLP-driven receptor complex to manifest high antagonistic potency

Efficient multicomponent synthesis of diverse antibacterial embelin-privileged structure conjugates

A library of embelin derivatives has been synthesized through a multicomponent reaction from embelin (1), aldehydes and privileged structures such as 4-hydroxycoumarin, 4-hydroxy-2H-pyran-2-one and 2-naphthol, in the presence of InCl3 as catalyst. This multicomponent reaction implies Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, intramolecular cyclization and dehydration. Many of the synthesized compounds were active and selective against Gram-positive bacteria, including one important multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate. It was found how the conjugation of diverse privileged substructure with embelin led to adducts having enhanced antibacterial activities.Fil: Martín Acosta, Pedro. Universidad de La Laguna. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González"; EspañaFil: Peña, Rosalyn. Universidad de La Laguna. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González"; EspañaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Lorenzo Castrillejo, Isabel. Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria; España. Universidad de La Laguna; España. Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias; EspañaFil: Machín, Félix. Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria; EspañaFil: Amesty, Ángel. Universidad de La Laguna. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González"; EspañaFil: Estévez Braun, Ana. Universidad de La Laguna. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González"; Españ

Improving Food Security among Black Children under 18 Years in Durham County, NC Using a Fruit and Vegetable Prescription Program

Food security, or consistent access to food, is low among Black children under 18 years of age in Durham County, North Carolina. In addition, racial disparities between Black and White children as it relates to food insecurity continue to persist. Food insecurity in children has been associated with negative outcomes such as decreased diet quality, chronic disease, and negative effects on the social and educational aspects of children’s lives. An evidenced-based fruit and vegetable prescription program has been shown to improve diet quality among children in food insecure households and therefore lessen the negative health impacts of food insecurity. The program is being proposed in collaboration with diverse stakeholders in an effort to improve food security among Black children in Durham County. The program will utilize already in place community assets, such as pediatricians, community clinics, and local farmer’s markets, to benefit the prioritized children and the community at large.Master of Public Healt