Entrepreneurship in secondary and tertiary sectors: The same determinants?

The aim of this study is to test empirically the determinants of entre preneurship (overall and sectoral) in the Portuguese economy. Despite the metho dological limitations inherent in such studies, which are mainly due to the incompatibility of some series and the temporal limitations of some data, this challenge is fuelled by the novelty of a cross-sectoral view of the entrepreneurial phenomenon. For this purpose, we employ an estimation approach based on time series models to confirm (or reject) diverse hypotheses. The main results indicate that the determinants of entrepreneurship in the industry are significantly different from the determinants of entrepreneurship in the services sector in Portugal. On the other hand, the determinants of entrepreneurship in the service sector are very similar to those explaining the overall entrepreneurial activity, due to the high share of services in the total economic activity. The main conclusions of the study can guide institutional decision-makers to adopt adequate policies for promoting entrepreneurship in Portugal. Additionally, strategic routes are suggested for the sustainable development of entrepreneurial activity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

APPLICATION OF "THEMATIC ANALYSIS" TO A SET OF BUSINESSES SUCCESS STORIES IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION PROCESS

This current work is an example of applying the methodology of "thematic analysis" to a set of business success stories in the process of internationalization. It is assumed that these cases, as a hypothesis, constitute discourses obtained appropriately allowing synthesizing and relating some of the basic features inherent in the internationalization of companies. Results showed the prevalence of stimuli intrinsic to the company, to the detriment of extrinsic stimuli, and lower incidence that companies expose their barriers to internationalization. In the area of internationalization of firms, it confirms the association of entrepreneurial characteristics and the fundamental export nature of Portuguese business companies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pillars of the Global Innovation Index by income level of economies: longitudinal data (2011-2022) for researchers’ use

It is widely known that the Global Innovation Index reports are of unique value for research purposes. The aim of this work is to provide a panel data file with all pillars of the Global Innovation Index from 2011 until 2022, covering all available economies (149 in total) by income level. After the secondary data was gathered, it was reshaped in an exhaustive process that involved directly importing it from databases or manual insertion. Based on successive Global Innovation Index reports and World Bank data, this work attempts to provide a whole set of data on the incomes of world economies by using Gross Domestic Product per capita based on purchasing power parity (constant 2017 international $and current international$) and Gross National Income per capita in current U.S. dollars (Atlas method). A descriptive analysis is also provided of data and inferences drawn based on the income differences between economies. The data compilation shared here has a singular relevance as it makes a large amount of structured information easier to access. Moreover, data from subsequent years or even from new entries of economies in the Global Innovation Index reports could be added to the data file. As a practical implication, this work should be considered a reliable tool for quantitative research directly or indirectly related with innovation topics (policies, ecosystems, technologies, programmes, among others), as it reduces the time-consuming process of gathering data.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The geographical distribution of Portuguese business incubators: an empirical approach

This study attempts to develop an ordered logit regression model to identify the determinants of the geographical distribution of business incubators (BIs) in Portuguese regions in 2015. The results show that Portuguese BIs are more likely to be geographically concentrated in regions where the number of patent applications is higher, usually in the larger regions (particularly in metropolitan areas), and mostly in regions with a university. The study clearly demonstrates the importance of Portuguese universities to the location of BIs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O EMPREENDEDORISMO E SUAS DETERMINANTES: OPORTUNIDADE OU NECESSIDADE?

No âmbito da teoria institucional de North (1990, 2005), o objetivo deste trabalho passa pela análise do impacto de fatores económicos e institucionais, formais e não formais, na atividade empreendedora das nações, designadamente no indicador Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA). De forma a avaliar a influência simultânea dos fatores económicos e institucionais na atividade empreendedora de um conjunto de países, através de uma regressão linear múltipla, optou-se pela estimação de um modelo cross-section. Os resultados evidenciam uma relação inversa, expectável, entre a TEA, o PIB per capita e a carga burocrática (número de dias para formalizar a entrada de uma nova empresa no negócio) e uma relação inversa, não expectável, entre a TEA e a liberdade fiscal. Os resultados mostram ainda uma relação direta, expectável, entre a TEA e a autonomia/liberdade empresarial face aos gastos do estado. Globalmente, pela relação inversa entre o PIB per capita e a TEA, os resultados evidenciam a prevalência do empreendedorismo por necessidade.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dimensões da Universidade Empreendedora e o Seu Papel na Perceção de Competitividade Regional

Este estudo testa a multidimensionalidade de Universidade Empreendedora (UE) e visa aferir o respetivo contributo para a competitividade regional. Com base em 619 respostas de estudantes, professores e outros colaboradores de dez universidades públicas portuguesas, foi efetuada uma análise fatorial confirmatória e uma estimação de regressão linear múltipla. O construto da UE é confirmado, comprovando a adequação das escalas para o contexto destas universidades. Os resultados mostram que os cinco fatores associados à UE - processos internos, medidas de apoio ao empreendedorismo, colaboração internacional, estratégia de financiamento e estrutura organizacional - contribuem positivamente para a perceção de competitividade regional, acentuando a função das universidades públicas enquanto polos de transferência de conhecimento dinamizadores da competitividade regionalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impacto da fiscalidade na internacionalização da indústria de moldes

Mestrado em GestãoParticularmente nos últimos vinte anos, a indústria de moldes nacional vem assumindo uma dinâmica de relevo nos mercados externos. O presente trabalho visa analisar o impacto da fiscalidade no processo de internacionalização da indústria de moldes. Para além disso, é analisado o processo de internacionalização das pequenas e médias empresas (PME’s) da indústria de moldes nacional, designadamente: (i) as linhas estratégias, (ii) as formas de presença, (iii) os factores motivacionais e barreiras intrínsecas ao processo e (iv) as teorias de internacionalização. Paralelamente ao estudo destas tendências, a escassez de informação académica no domínio principal deste estudo releva o contributo da investigação no sentido da compreensão do papel da fiscalidade no âmbito da internacionalização de empresas. Com base na informação recolhida por via de um inquérito aplicado às empresas exportadoras da indústria de moldes com a CAE 25734 (fabricação de moldes metálicos) é possível identificar algumas tendências estratégicas da indústria de moldes e compreender o papel da fiscalidade no domínio da internacionalização do sector. Genericamente, os resultados mostram que o factor fiscal é tido como pouco importante no processo de internacionalização da indústria de moldes e que as empresas que compõem a indústria optam maioritariamente pela exportação enquanto forma de internacionalização. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que empresas do sector com capital social mais avultado estão, do ponto de vista fiscal, mais bem preparadas para a internacionalização. De salientar ainda os resultados que evidenciam opções estratégicas sectoriais condizentes com alguns traços de determinadas correntes teóricas de internacionalização.The national mold industry has gained increasing relevance in the foreign markets, particularly in the last twenty years. The present work analyzes the impact of taxation in the internationalization process of the mold industry. In addition, we analyze the process of internationalization of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the national mold industry, particularly: (i) the strategic lines, (ii) the forms of presence, (iii) the motivational factors and intrinsic barriers to the process and (iv) the internationalization theories. In parallel with the study of these trends, the shortage of academic information in the field of this study highlights the contribution of research towards the understanding of the role of taxation in the internationalization of companies. Based on information gathered through a survey applied to exporters of the mold industry with CAE 25734 (manufacture of metal molds) it is possible to identify some strategic trends in the mold industry and understand the role of taxation in the field of the sector’s internationalization. Generally, the results show that the tax factor is considered unimportant in the process of the internationalization of the mold industry, and that the companies which make part of this industry opt for exportation as a means to internationalization. The obtained results show that companies with higher social capital are, from the tax point of view, better prepared for internationalization. It should also be noted that the results show sector strategic options consistent with some traces of certain theoretical approaches of globalization

Awarding PhD Powers to Polytechnics: An Academic Trap?

The aim of this article is to understand whether the conditions in Portuguese public polytechnics (PPPs) when studying for a PhD are similar to those in Portuguese public universities (PPUs). Three pillars were analyzed (research, academic staff degree, and precarious rate of academic staff), and to this end, we conducted independent sample t-tests and designed a correlation matrix to shed light on the relationship between the percentage of precarious academic staff and the shortrun variables in the environment of PPPs. The main findings reveal differences between PPUs and PPPs, indicating that policymakers failed to ensure that PPPs are competitive vis-a-vis PPUs in this area. Decree-Law No. 65/2018 granting PPPs the right to award doctoral degrees gives rise to a number of risks: a loss of focus in PPPs, the disappearance of the most used system in higher education (binary or dual system), and the absence of higher institutions in Portugal that provide practical training. If this is the path chosen by policymakers and the nature of course programs in PPPs and PPUs are becoming more similar, we strongly recommend that similar conditions should prevail in the two subsystems; this entails greater investment in PPPs and even the possibility of awarding PhD professional degrees in close connection with firms and corporations.461E-088F-70B5 | Gonçalo Rodrigues Brásinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Application of «thematic analysis» to a set of businesses success stories in tge internationalizaton process

This current work is an example of applying the methodology of "thematic analysis" to a set of business success stories in the process of internationalization. It is assumed that these cases, as a hypothesis, constitute discourses obtained appropriately allowing synthesizing and relating some of the basic features inherent in the internationalization of companies. Results showed the prevalence of stimuli intrinsic to the company, to the detriment of extrinsic stimuli, and lower incidence that companies expose their barriers to internationalization. In the area of internationalization of firms, it confirms the association of entrepreneurial characteristics and the fundamental export nature of Portuguese business companies