1,127 research outputs found
DENYS-CLAUDE LAMONTAGNE, Droit de la vente, Cowansville, Éditions Yvon Blais, 1995, 321 p., ISBN 2-89451-074-8.
Hot compaction of nanocrystalline TiO2 (anatase) ceramics. Mechanisms of densification: Grain size and doping effects
The hot compaction of nanocrystalline TiO2 anatase powders is investigated using dilatometry. The constant rate of heating (CRH) method is applied to determine effective activation energies of the processes involved during sintering. Grain size and doping effects are studied, using dopant cations of different radius and charge: Zn2+, Al3+, Si4+, Nb5+. The results are interpreted by a mechanism including superplastic deformation and boundary diffusion. The former is predominant for small particles and low temperature, whereas the latter is more important for larger particles and higher temperature. Dopant effects on densification kinetics are discussed in view of defect chemistry
L’École entre évaluation et contrôle
Dans le milieu éducatif, au cours de ces dernières décennies, les contrôles eurent mauvaise presse et semblaient archaïques. Ils disparurent en partie ou se firent très discrets. C’est alors que l’évaluation, surtout qualitative, prit un essor considérable. Trente ans après, une page se tourne. L’important développement de l’évaluation, sa variété et son omniprésence contribuent aujourd’hui à ternir son lustre et à accorder progressivement aux contrôles une place nouvelle et de plus en plus i..
Topological surface states of strained Mercury-Telluride probed by ARPES
The topological surface states of strained HgTe have been measured using
high-resolution ARPES measurements. The dispersion of surface states form a
Dirac cone, which origin is close to the top of the \ghh band: the top half of
the Dirac cone is inside the stress-gap while the bottom half lies within the
heavy hole bands and keeps a linear dispersion all the way to the X-point. The
circular dichroism of the photo-emitted electron intensity has also been
measured for all the bands.Comment: with supplementary materia
Stochastic Adversarial Gradient Embedding for Active Domain Adaptation
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) aims to bridge the gap between a source
domain, where labelled data are available, and a target domain only represented
with unlabelled data. If domain invariant representations have dramatically
improved the adaptability of models, to guarantee their good transferability
remains a challenging problem. This paper addresses this problem by using
active learning to annotate a small budget of target data. Although this setup,
called Active Domain Adaptation (ADA), deviates from UDA's standard setup, a
wide range of practical applications are faced with this situation. To this
purpose, we introduce \textit{Stochastic Adversarial Gradient Embedding}
(SAGE), a framework that makes a triple contribution to ADA. First, we select
for annotation target samples that are likely to improve the representations'
transferability by measuring the variation, before and after annotation, of the
transferability loss gradient. Second, we increase sampling diversity by
promoting different gradient directions. Third, we introduce a novel training
procedure for actively incorporating target samples when learning invariant
representations. SAGE is based on solid theoretical ground and validated on
various UDA benchmarks against several baselines. Our empirical investigation
demonstrates that SAGE takes the best of uncertainty \textit{vs} diversity
samplings and improves representations transferability substantially
Strained HgTe: a textbook 3D topological insulator
Topological insulators can be seen as band-insulators with a conducting
surface. The surface carriers are Dirac particles with an energy which
increases linearly with momentum. This confers extraordinary transport
properties characteristic of Dirac matter, a class of materials which
electronic properties are "graphene-like". We show how HgTe, a material known
to exhibit 2D spin-Hall effect in thin quantum wells,\cite{Konig2007} can be
turned into a textbook example of Dirac matter by opening a strain-gap by
exploiting the lattice mismatch on CdTe-based substrates. The evidence for
Dirac matter found in transport shows up as a divergent Hall angle at low field
when the chemical potential coincides with the Dirac point and from the sign of
the quantum correction to the conductivity. The material can be engineered at
will and is clean (good mobility) and there is little bulk contributions to the
conductivity inside the band-gap
Dissecting T Cell Contraction In Vivo Using a Genetically Encoded Reporter of Apoptosis
SummaryContraction is a critical phase of immunity whereby the vast majority of effector T cells die by apoptosis, sparing a population of long-lived memory cells. Where, when, and why contraction occurs has been difficult to address directly due in large part to the rapid clearance of apoptotic T cells in vivo. To circumvent this issue, we introduced a genetically encoded reporter for caspase-3 activity into naive T cells to identify cells entering the contraction phase. Using two-photon imaging, we found that caspase-3 activity in T cells was maximal at the peak of the response and was associated with loss of motility followed minutes later by cell death. We demonstrated that contraction is a widespread process occurring uniformly in all organs tested and targeting phenotypically diverse T cells. Importantly, we identified a critical window of time during which antigen encounters act to antagonize T cell apoptosis, supporting a causal link between antigen clearance and T cell contraction. Our results offer insight into a poorly explored phase of immunity and provide a versatile methodology to study apoptosis during the development or function of a variety of immune cells in vivo
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