A high-fructose diet impairs basal and stress-mediated lipid metabolism in healthy male subjects

The effects of a 7d high-fructose diet (HFrD) or control diet on lipid metabolism were studied in a group of six healthy lean males. Plasma NEFA and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, net lipid oxidation (indirect calorimetry) and exogenous lipid oxidation (13CO2 production) were monitored in basal conditions, after lipid loading (olive oil labelled with [13C]triolein) and during a standardised mental stress. Lactate clearance and the metabolic effects of an exogenous lactate infusion were also monitored. The HFrD lowered plasma concentrations of NEFA and β-hydroxybutyrate as well as lipid oxidation in both basal and after lipid-loading conditions. In addition, the HFrD blunted the increase in plasma NEFA and exogenous lipid oxidation during mental stress. The HFrD also increased basal lactate concentrations by 31·8%, and lactate production by 53·8%, while lactate clearance remained unchanged. Lactate infusion lowered plasma NEFA with the control diet, and net lipid oxidation with both the HFrD and control diet. These results indicate that a 7d HFrD markedly inhibits lipolysis and lipid oxidation. The HFrD also increases lactate production, and the ensuing increased lactate utilisation may contribute to suppress lipid oxidatio

Review of the nutritional benefits and risks related to intense sweeteners

Unfortunately, the original version of this article [1] contained an error. The author’s names were included incorrectly, the surnames were presented before the forename: Bruyère Olivier, Ahmed H. Serge, Atlan Catherine, Belegaud Jacques, Bortolotti Murielle, Canivenc-Lavier Marie-Chantal, Charrière Sybil, Girardet Jean-Philippe, Houdart Sabine, Kalonji Esther, Nadaud Perrine, Rajas Fabienne, Slama Gérard and Margaritis Irène The author list has been corrected in the original article and is also included correctly below: Olivier Bruyère, Serge H. Ahmed, Catherine Atlan, Jacques Belegaud, Murielle Bortolotti, Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier, Sybil Charrière, Jean-Philippe Girardet, Sabine Houdart, Esther Kalonji, Perrine Nadaud, Fabienne Rajas, Gérard Slama, Irène Margaritis (NB: erratum 1 p. doi: in volume 73, 49, published 23 October 2015, (eCollection 2015, PMID: 26500771, PMCID: PMC4619575))International audienceBackground : The intense sweeteners currently authorised in Europe comprise ten compounds of various chemical natures. Their overall use has sharply risen in the last 20 years. These compounds are mainly used to formulate reduced-calorie products while maintaining sweetness.Methods : This extensive analysis of the literature reviews the data currently available on the potential nutritional benefits and risks related to the consumption of products containing intense sweeteners.Results and Conclusions : Regarding nutritional benefits, the available studies, while numerous, do not provide proof that the consumption of artificial sweeteners as sugar substitutes is beneficial in terms of weight management, blood glucose regulation in diabetic subjects or the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Regarding nutritional risks (incidence of type 2 diabetes, habituation to sweetness in adults, cancers, etc.), it is not possible based on the available data to establish a link between the occurrence of these risks and the consumption of artificial sweeteners. However, some studies underline the need to improve knowledge of the links between intense sweeteners consumption and certain risks

A high-fructose diet impairs basal and stress-mediated lipid metabolism in healthy male subjects.

The effects of a 7 d high-fructose diet (HFrD) or control diet on lipid metabolism were studied in a group of six healthy lean males. Plasma NEFA and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, net lipid oxidation (indirect calorimetry) and exogenous lipid oxidation (13CO2 production) were monitored in basal conditions, after lipid loading (olive oil labelled with [13C]triolein) and during a standardised mental stress. Lactate clearance and the metabolic effects of an exogenous lactate infusion were also monitored. The HFrD lowered plasma concentrations of NEFA and beta-hydroxybutyrate as well as lipid oxidation in both basal and after lipid-loading conditions. In addition, the HFrD blunted the increase in plasma NEFA and exogenous lipid oxidation during mental stress. The HFrD also increased basal lactate concentrations by 31.8 %, and lactate production by 53.8 %, while lactate clearance remained unchanged. Lactate infusion lowered plasma NEFA with the control diet, and net lipid oxidation with both the HFrD and control diet. These results indicate that a 7 d HFrD markedly inhibits lipolysis and lipid oxidation. The HFrD also increases lactate production, and the ensuing increased lactate utilisation may contribute to suppress lipid oxidation

Memory Center: The Lausanne Model

We present the multidisciplinary approach toward the diagnostic and treatment of patients with cognitive complaints adopted within the Leenaards Memory Centre at the University Hospital of Lausanne in Switzerland. Our strategy combines clinical evaluation using standardized neuropsychological, biological, imaging, and genetic biomarkers, together with an integrated approach to care of the patient and his/her caregiver(s) that takes into account the individual environmental and socioeconomic circumstances. Tightly integrated with the clinical process is a centralized electronic information system—called CLEMENS—that maintains a database of detailed records of assessment results, actions, care plans and biomarker and imaging data of consulting patients. The CLEMENS system provides the translational bridge between the clinical activity and its projection into and from clinical research, enabling the in-depth and multivariate evaluation of all clinically measured aspects. We discuss how research outcomes can feed back into the clinical activity, allowing for more accurate patient evaluation, diagnostic stratification, and car

Evaluation des bénéfices et des risques nutritionnels des édulcorants intenses.

En 2011, l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et dutravail (Anses) a émis un avis examinant deux nouvelles études portant sur d'éventuelseffets sanitaires liés à l'aspartame et l'acésulfame de potassium (K), deux édulcorantsintenses. Suite à cet avis, l’Anses a estimé qu’il était nécessaire de poursuivre l’évaluationdans deux directions. Elle a donc d’une part sollicité l’Efsa (European food safety agency,Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments) pour que celle-ci anticipe la révision de laDose Journalière Admissible (DJA) de l’aspartame initialement prévue en 2020 par leRèglement européen 257/20101. Les résultats de cette révision ont été publiés en décembre2013 (Efsa, 2013). Parallèlement, constatant qu’en dehors de ces interrogations d’ordretoxicologique, subsistaient des questions récurrentes relatives aux bénéfices et aux risquessanitaires d’ordre nutritionnel des édulcorants intenses, l’Anses a mis en place un groupe detravail (GT) chargé d’étudier ces questions

Erratum to: Review of the nutritional benefits and risks related to intense sweeteners

International audienc

Evaluation des bénéfices et des risques nutritionnels des édulcorants intenses.

En 2011, l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et dutravail (Anses) a émis un avis examinant deux nouvelles études portant sur d'éventuelseffets sanitaires liés à l'aspartame et l'acésulfame de potassium (K), deux édulcorantsintenses. Suite à cet avis, l’Anses a estimé qu’il était nécessaire de poursuivre l’évaluationdans deux directions. Elle a donc d’une part sollicité l’Efsa (European food safety agency,Autorité européenne de sécurité des aliments) pour que celle-ci anticipe la révision de laDose Journalière Admissible (DJA) de l’aspartame initialement prévue en 2020 par leRèglement européen 257/20101. Les résultats de cette révision ont été publiés en décembre2013 (Efsa, 2013). Parallèlement, constatant qu’en dehors de ces interrogations d’ordretoxicologique, subsistaient des questions récurrentes relatives aux bénéfices et aux risquessanitaires d’ordre nutritionnel des édulcorants intenses, l’Anses a mis en place un groupe detravail (GT) chargé d’étudier ces questions