(0, ½, 1) matrices which are extreme points of the generalized transitive tournament polytope

AbstractFollowing Brualdi and Hwang, given a generalized transitive tournament (GTT) matrix T of ordern, we consider the *-graph ofT, that is, the undirected graph with vertices 1, 2, …,n in which there is an edge {i,j} between verticesi andj if and only if0 < tij < 1. We characterize the *-graphs of the extreme GTT (0, ½, 1) matrices of order n. Using this characterization, we obtain for n = 6, 7 the complete list of extreme GTT (0, ½, 1) matrices of ordern

Dimensión de género en la ciudadanía: cambio familiar, cultura política y políticas de igualdad en España

El artículo sostiene que las familias españolas han cambiado poco porque muchas mujeres no son verdaderamente ciudadanas. El análisis se basa en un examen de la igualdad de la formulación de políticas de género, para analizar las intersecciones entre las estrategias familiares, el empoderamiento de las mujeres y el cambio familiar. Se adopta un acercamiento amplio al concepto de ciudadanía, para observar no sólo el conjunto de los derechos legales normalmente asociados al concepto, sino también el inventario de las prácticas sociales y rituales que permiten a las personas disfrutar de la plena incorporación en la comunidad política, así como dotarlas de control total sobre su vida personal e íntima. La vida familiar y su organización, la ciudadanía y la igualdad de la formulación de políticas de género se entrecruzan de maneras múltiples y fundamentales: las políticas mal concebidas, y/o mal implementadas podrían dislocar a las mujeres, alejándolas de la ciudadanía plena; estos problemas, a su vez, pueden contribuir en gran medida a la consolidación de arreglos familiares tradicionales.This article argues that Spanish families have changed little because many women are less than full citizens. The analysis draws on an examination of gender equality policy-making, to discuss the often-neglected intersections between family strategies, women’s empowerment and family change. Citizenship is seen in an expansive way, to note not just the set of legal entitlements normally attached to the concept, but also the stock of social practices and rituals that allow individuals to enjoy full incorporation in their policies as well as full control of their personal and even intimate lives. Family life and organization, citizenship, and gender equality policy-making intersect in manifold and fundamental ways: badly conceived, and/or badly implemented policies could dislocate women to push them away from full citizenship; these, in turn, can contribute greatly to the consolidation of traditional family arrangements

Application of aircraft's flight testing techniques to the aerodynamic characterization of power kites

This thesis has developed an experimental methodology for the flight testing and data analysis of power kites applied to Airborne Wind Energy Systems (AWES). In particular, the Estimation Before Modeling technique, a well-known method in the aerospace industry for the aerodynamic characterization of an aircraft using real flight data, has been adapted for tethered aircraft. The developed methodology has two main building blocks: (i) an experimental setup to record experimental data during the flight testing, and (ii) a Flight Path Reconstruction algorithm to estimate the state of the system from the experimental data. From them, the aerodynamic characteristics of two types of kites were investigated. The proposed experimental setup was designed to be low cost, portable and easily adaptable to both, rigid and semi-rigid kites. It is composed of an instrumented kite representative of the ones used in AWES, an instrumented control bar, a ground computer and a wind station. Whenever it was possible, commercial off the shelf components have been used, including low cost openhardware sensors based on the PixHawk platform. However, after the first flight tests were conducted and the obtained results were discussed, high precision sensors were also included. The Flight Path Reconstruction (FPR) algorithm for tethered aircraft is based on an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). In addition to the standard set of estimated state variables (ie. Euler angles, position or ground speed), the algorithm also provides the aerodynamic torque and forces upon the kite as well as the tether tensions and wind velocity vector. The EBM technique, and the FPR algorithm have been used to identify the aerodynamic characteristics of both, four-line Leading Edge Inflatable (LEI) kites and two-line Rigid Frame Delta (RFD) kites. Quantitative and qualitative results have been obtained. Albeit both types of kites exhibited very high AoA during the flight, some significant differences were found. In particular, the estimated lift coefficient of the LEI kite showed a behavior identified with a post-stall condition, while the RFD showed a pre-stall behavior with a lower AoA and a positive relation between the lift coefficient and the kite AoA. The presented experimental methodology can be of great interest for AWE industry as it helps to improve modeling of tethered aircraft, leading to more accurate performance figures which may increase investors interest in the technology. Moreover, flight testing methodologies and experimental data analysis are of great interest for benchmarking AWES performances, contributing to de-risk their development process and providing better tools for AWE "best concept" identification. Finally, as a sub-product of the presented methodology, the FPR algorithm can be used as a validated state estimator of the tethered aircraft, which is a key element of a closed loop flight control system.Programa de Doctorado en Mecánica de Fluidos por la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; la Universidad de Jaén; la Universidad de Zaragoza; la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia; la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y la Universidad Rovira i VirgiliPresidente: Marco Fontana.- Secretario: Manuel García-Villalba Navaridas.- Vocal: Félix Terroba Ramíre

Three coefficients of a polynomial can determine its instability

AbstractWe will prove that, in some cases, if we know only three coefficients of a polynomial with positive coefficients and without any restriction on the magnitude of its degree, we can conclude that the polynomial is unstable. Namely, if P(x)=∑i=02naix2n−i is a polynomial with positive coefficients and for some q∈{1,…,n−1} it is satisfied that a2q<(nq)a0(n−q)/na2nq/n, then P(x) is unstable

Post-Marriage LGBT Politics in Spain

Published in Reviews and Critical Commentary: http://councilforeuropeanstudies.org/critcom/post-marriage-lgbt-politics-in-spain/Council of European Studie