Meta-analytic study on the frequency and treatment of oral antral communications

Objective: To determine the optimum surgical treatment for oral antral communications (OAC) and to understand the main post-operative complications.Study Design: Meta-analytical, observational and retrospective study of 1,072 cases of OAC obtained from a literature review of 15 articles. Results: OAC occur slightly more often in men and during the fourth decade of life. Its primary etiological factor is dental extraction, most often affecting the third molar. The most common treatment has been the use of Bichat's fat pad grafts, whereas the technique with the highest percentage of complications has been the use of the palatal rotation flap. The most frequent complication has been the fistulization of the OAC. Conclusions: Early diagnosis of OAC and its treatment within 48 hours of evolution are fundamental in order to properly resolve this pathology. The use of Bichat's fat pad grafts is a simple technique that offers excellent vascularization and results. © Medicina Oral

Physical Education Teachers and Their ICT Training Applied to Students with Disabilities. The Case of Spain

(1) Background: The introduction of Information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the area of Physical Education is a very recent phenomenon, and its implementation is a challenge for teachers in Spain. It implies pedagogic innovation for the improvement of the teaching and learning processes, especially for people with a disability (functional diversity). The aim of this study was to identify the degree of technological knowledge (ICT) of the physical education teachers for students with disabilities. (2) Methods: A sample of 341 Physical Education teachers from Spain volunteered for this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire named “DIFOTICyD”, created “ad hoc” was used as the data-gathering instrument. (3) Results: the results revealed the low training of the participants with respect to the use of the ICTs in the field of disability. The degree of training of the teachers was determined by the personal (gender, age), professional (teaching experience) and educational (training received) outcomes. (4) Conclusions: the findings of the study point to the need for didactic training that can be used to train the Physical Education teachers to use ICTs in order to facilitate the learning and educational innovation of students with disabilities.The study has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, within the framework of the State Plan for the Promotion of Scientific and Technical Research of Excellence 2013–2016 (DIFOTICYD EDU2016 75232-P)

Revalorization of Broccoli By-Products for Cosmetic Uses Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

The agri-food industry is currently one of themain engines of economic developmentworldwide. The region ofMurcia is a reference area in Europe for the cultivation of fruits and vegetables and produces the bulk of Spanish exports of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). The processing of fresh produce generates a huge number of by-products that represent an important economic and environmental problem when discarded. In this work, an advanced extraction technique using environmentally friendly solvents was applied to assess the revalorization of broccoli by-products, by performing a comparative analysis with conventional extraction. To achieve this goal, supercritical fluid extraction based on response surface methodology was performed using CO2 and ethanol as solvents. The results obtained showed that the supercritical fluid extracts were rich in -carotene, phenolic compounds, chlorophylls and phytosterols. Moreover, in bioactivity assays, the supercritical fluid extracts exhibited a high antioxidant activity and a cytoprotective effect in a non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cell line exposed to ultraviolet B light. The results indicate that supercritical fluid extracts from broccoli by-products could potentially serve as an ingredient for cosmetic purposes

Quantifying change in an agrarian landscape. Application of multicriteria models in the archaeological study of Medellin (Badajoz, Spain) and its territory

Póster presentado a la Conferencia EuroGEOSS: "Advancing the Vision for GEOSS", celebrada en Madrid (España) del 25 al 27 de enero de 2012.“The evolution of an agrarian landscape: the territory of Medellin from protohistoric to medieval times” is a project funded by the Autonomous Government of Extremadura through its III Development and Research Regional Plan.Peer Reviewe

Case Studies As Practical Teaching In The New Marketing Courses

The European Higher Education Area is assuming a change in the teaching-learning of all European universities. The area of Marketing, traditionally characterized by being at the forefront in terms of educational innovation, faces the challenge of finding new tools to facilitate the work of students by encouraging their involvement in the acquisition of new skills. This paper analyzes the capacity that the development of case studies has to develop skills and competencies by the students, which are defendants in the framework of the European Higher Education Area to suit the environment established in the labor market. To this end, it is analyzed the experience and the main conclusions of the practices carried out at the University of Castilla-La Mancha, with the participation of student groups at an international conference aimed at developing teaching cases in public and nonprofit marketing

A sensitive nanosensor for the in situ detection of the cannibal drug

[EN] A bio-inspired nanodevice for the selective and sensitive fluorogenic detection of 3,4- methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), usually known as Cannibal drug, is reported. The sensing nanodevice is based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), loaded with a fluorescent reporter (rhodamine B) and functionalized on their external surface with a dopamine derivative (3), which specifically interacts with the recombinant human dopamine transporter (DAT), capping the pores. In the presence of MDPV, DAT detaches from the MSNs consequently causing rhodamine B release and allowing drug detection. The nanosensor shows a detection limit of 5.2 µM and it is able to detect the MDPV drug both in saliva and blood plasma samples.The authors thank the Spanish Government (projects RTI2018-100910-B-C41 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE) and CTQ2017-87954-P) and the Generalitat Valencia (PROMETEO/2018/024) for support. E.G. is grateful to the Spanish MEC for her FPU grant. M.A. thanks her postdoctoral fellowship (PAID -10-17). The authors also thank the Electron Microscopy Service at the UPV for support.Garrido-García, EM.; Alfonso-Navarro, M.; Díaz De Greñu-Puertas, B.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Costero, AM.; Gil Grau, S.; Sancenón Galarza, F.... (2020). A sensitive nanosensor for the in situ detection of the cannibal drug. ACS Sensors. 5(9):2966-2972. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.0c01553S2966297259World drug report United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Inform; 2019.European drug report Trends and Developments. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addition (EMCDDA). Inform; 2019.Zawilska, J. B., & Wojcieszak, J. (2013). Designer cathinones—An emerging class of novel recreational drugs. Forensic Science International, 231(1-3), 42-53. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.015Coppola, M., & Mondola, R. (2012). 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV): Chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of a new designer drug of abuse marketed online. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 12-15. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.002Coppola, M., & Mondola, R. (2012). Synthetic cathinones: Chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of a new class of designer drugs of abuse marketed as «bath salts» or «plant food». Toxicology Letters, 211(2), 144-149. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.009Oliver, C. F., Palamar, J. J., Salomone, A., Simmons, S. J., Philogene-Khalid, H. L., Stokes-McCloskey, N., & Rawls, S. M. (2018). Synthetic cathinone adulteration of illegal drugs. Psychopharmacology, 236(3), 869-879. doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5066-6Riley, A. L., Nelson, K. H., To, P., López-Arnau, R., Xu, P., Wang, D., … Hall, F. S. (2020). Abuse potential and toxicity of the synthetic cathinones (i.e., «Bath salts»). Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 110, 150-173. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.015Ibáñez, M., Pozo, Ó. J., Sancho, J. V., Orengo, T., Haro, G., & Hernández, F. (2015). Analytical strategy to investigate 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) metabolites in consumers’ urine by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 408(1), 151-164. doi:10.1007/s00216-015-9088-1Colon-Perez, L. M., Pino, J. A., Saha, K., Pompilus, M., Kaplitz, S., Choudhury, N., … Febo, M. (2018). Functional connectivity, behavioral and dopaminergic alterations 24 hours following acute exposure to synthetic bath salt drug methylenedioxypyrovalerone. Neuropharmacology, 137, 178-193. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.04.031Eshleman, A. J., Nagarajan, S., Wolfrum, K. M., Reed, J. F., Swanson, T. L., Nilsen, A., & Janowsky, A. (2018). Structure-activity relationships of bath salt components: substituted cathinones and benzofurans at biogenic amine transporters. Psychopharmacology, 236(3), 939-952. doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5059-5Glennon, R. A., & Young, R. (2016). Neurobiology of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (α-PVP). Brain Research Bulletin, 126, 111-126. doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.011Kraemer, M., Boehmer, A., Madea, B., & Maas, A. (2019). Death cases involving certain new psychoactive substances: A review of the literature. Forensic Science International, 298, 186-267. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.02.021Liveri, K., Constantinou, M. A., Afxentiou, M., & Kanari, P. (2016). A fatal intoxication related to MDPV and pentedrone combined with antipsychotic and antidepressant substances in Cyprus. Forensic Science International, 265, 160-165. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.02.017Marinetti, L. J., & Antonides, H. M. (2013). Analysis of Synthetic Cathinones Commonly Found in Bath Salts in Human Performance and Postmortem Toxicology: Method Development, Drug Distribution and Interpretation of Results. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 37(3), 135-146. doi:10.1093/jat/bks136Freni, F., Bianco, S., Vignali, C., Groppi, A., Moretti, M., Osculati, A. M. M., & Morini, L. (2019). A multi-analyte LC–MS/MS method for screening and quantification of 16 synthetic cathinones in hair: Application to postmortem cases. Forensic Science International, 298, 115-120. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.02.036Peiró, M. de las N., Armenta, S., Garrigues, S., & de la Guardia, M. (2016). Determination of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) in oral and nasal fluids by ion mobility spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 408(12), 3265-3273. doi:10.1007/s00216-016-9395-1Cheng, S.-Y., Ng-A-Qui, T., Eng, B., & Ho, J. (2017). Detection of cathinone and mephedrone in plasma by LC-MS/MS using standard addition quantification technique. Journal of Analytical Science and Technology, 8(1). doi:10.1186/s40543-017-0128-7Glicksberg, L., Bryand, K., & Kerrigan, S. (2016). Identification and quantification of synthetic cathinones in blood and urine using liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time of flight (LC-Q/TOF) mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B, 1035, 91-103. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.027Mercieca, G., Odoardi, S., Cassar, M., & Strano Rossi, S. (2018). Rapid and simple procedure for the determination of cathinones, amphetamine-like stimulants and other new psychoactive substances in blood and urine by GC–MS. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 149, 494-501. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.024Gerace, E., Caneparo, D., Borio, F., Salomone, A., & Vincenti, M. (2019). Determination of several synthetic cathinones and an amphetamine‐like compound in urine by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Method validation and application to real cases. Journal of Separation Science, 42(8), 1577-1584. doi:10.1002/jssc.201801249Woźniak, M. K., Banaszkiewicz, L., Wiergowski, M., Tomczak, E., Kata, M., Szpiech, B., … Biziuk, M. (2019). Development and validation of a GC–MS/MS method for the determination of 11 amphetamines and 34 synthetic cathinones in whole blood. Forensic Toxicology, 38(1), 42-58. doi:10.1007/s11419-019-00485-yJoshi, M., Cetroni, B., Camacho, A., Krueger, C., & Midey, A. J. (2014). Analysis of synthetic cathinones and associated psychoactive substances by ion mobility spectrometry. Forensic Science International, 244, 196-206. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.033Peters, J. R., Keasling, R., Brown, S. D., & Pond, B. B. (2016). Quantification of Synthetic Cathinones in Rat Brain Using HILIC–ESI-MS/MS. Journal of Analytical Toxicology. doi:10.1093/jat/bkw074Williams, M., Martin, J., & Galettis, P. (2017). A Validated Method for the Detection of 32 Bath Salts in Oral Fluid. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 41(8), 659-669. doi:10.1093/jat/bkx055Diestelmann, M., Zangl, A., Herrle, I., Koch, E., Graw, M., & Paul, L. D. (2018). MDPV in forensic routine cases: Psychotic and aggressive behavior in relation to plasma concentrations. Forensic Science International, 283, 72-84. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.12.003Garrido, E., Pla, L., Lozano-Torres, B., El Sayed, S., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2018). Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Probes for the Detection of Illicit Drugs. ChemistryOpen, 7(5), 401-428. doi:10.1002/open.201800034García‐Fernández, A., Aznar, E., Martínez‐Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2019). New Advances in In Vivo Applications of Gated Mesoporous Silica as Drug Delivery Nanocarriers. Small, 16(3), 1902242. doi:10.1002/smll.201902242Llopis-Lorente, A., Lozano-Torres, B., Bernardos, A., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2017). Mesoporous silica materials for controlled delivery based on enzymes. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 5(17), 3069-3083. doi:10.1039/c7tb00348jGiménez, C., Climent, E., Aznar, E., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Marcos, M. D., … Rurack, K. (2014). Towards Chemical Communication between Gated Nanoparticles. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1002/anie.201405580Luis, B., Llopis‐Lorente, A., Rincón, P., Gadea, J., Sancenón, F., Aznar, E., … Martínez‐Máñez, R. (2019). An Interactive Model of Communication between Abiotic Nanodevices and Microorganisms. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 58(42), 14986-14990. doi:10.1002/anie.201908867Garrido, E., Alfonso, M., Díaz de Greñu, B., Lozano‐Torres, B., Parra, M., Gaviña, P., … Sancenón, F. (2020). Nanosensor for Sensitive Detection of the New Psychedelic Drug 25I‐NBOMe. Chemistry – A European Journal, 26(13), 2813-2816. doi:10.1002/chem.201905688Ribes, À., Aznar, E., Santiago-Felipe, S., Xifre-Perez, E., Tormo-Mas, M. Á., Pemán, J., … Martínez-Máñez, R. (2019). Selective and Sensitive Probe Based in Oligonucleotide-Capped Nanoporous Alumina for the Rapid Screening of Infection Produced by Candida albicans. ACS Sensors, 4(5), 1291-1298. doi:10.1021/acssensors.9b00169Oroval, M., Coll, C., Bernardos, A., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Shchukin, D. G., & Sancenón, F. (2017). Selective Fluorogenic Sensing of As(III) Using Aptamer-Capped Nanomaterials. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 9(13), 11332-11336. doi:10.1021/acsami.6b15164Aznar, E., Villalonga, R., Giménez, C., Sancenón, F., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., … Amorós, P. (2013). Glucose-triggered release using enzyme-gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Chemical Communications, 49(57), 6391. doi:10.1039/c3cc42210kGiménez, C., Climent, E., Aznar, E., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Marcos, M. D., … Rurack, K. (2014). Towards Chemical Communication between Gated Nanoparticles. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1002/anie.201405580Maerten, C., Garnier, T., Lupattelli, P., Chau, N. T. T., Schaaf, P., Jierry, L., & Boulmedais, F. (2015). Morphogen Electrochemically Triggered Self-Construction of Polymeric Films Based on Mussel-Inspired Chemistry. Langmuir, 31(49), 13385-13393. doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03774Beck, J. S., Vartuli, J. C., Roth, W. J., Leonowicz, M. E., Kresge, C. T., Schmitt, K. D., … Schlenker, J. L. (1992). A new family of mesoporous molecular sieves prepared with liquid crystal templates. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 114(27), 10834-10843. doi:10.1021/ja00053a020Cai, Q., Luo, Z.-S., Pang, W.-Q., Fan, Y.-W., Chen, X.-H., & Cui, F.-Z. (2001). Dilute Solution Routes to Various Controllable Morphologies of MCM-41 Silica with a Basic Medium. Chemistry of Materials, 13(2), 258-263. doi:10.1021/cm990661zDebruyne, D., Loilier, M., Cesbron, A., Le Boisselier, R., & Bourgine, J. (2014). Emerging drugs of abuse: current perspectives on substituted cathinones. Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation, 37. doi:10.2147/sar.s37257Marusich, J. A., Antonazzo, K. R., Wiley, J. L., Blough, B. E., Partilla, J. S., & Baumann, M. H. (2014). Pharmacology of novel synthetic stimulants structurally related to the «bath salts» constituent 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). Neuropharmacology, 87, 206-213. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.02.016Baumann, M. H., Partilla, J. S., Lehner, K. R., Thorndike, E. B., Hoffman, A. F., Holy, M., … Schindler, C. W. (2012). Powerful Cocaine-Like Actions of 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), a Principal Constituent of Psychoactive ‘Bath Salts’ Products. Neuropsychopharmacology, 38(4), 552-562. doi:10.1038/npp.2012.20

El camino hacia la inserción social: VI Simposio Internacional de Empleo con Apoyo

Colección investigaciónEste volumen recoge las actas del último simposio celebrado hasta la fecha en España sobre empleo con apoyo, por lo que refleja los debates e inquietudes actuales del sector. La publicación se divide en cuatro bloques. El primero, de carácter introductorio, trata sobre el derecho y las oportunidades que tienen las personas con discapacidad de incorporarse al mercado laboral. El segundo bloque aborda el funcionamiento de los programas de empleo con apoyo y de las diversas áreas en que se dividen; engloba artículos sobre gestión estrégica, marketing y análisis de puestos, selección de personal, acompañamiento en el empleo y prevención de riesgos laborales, entre otros. El tercer apartado analiza el desarrollo del empleo con apoyo en España, tanto desde una perspectiva global como desde la experiencia de programas concretos que destacan por su innovación y buenos resultados. El último bloque está dedicado a la discapacidad y, en él, diferentes autores reflexionan sobre las nuevas maneras de entender el fenómeno y el impacto de la legislación en este ámbito. Cierra el libro un artículo sobre el futuro del empleo con apoyo

Nanosensor for Sensitive Detection of the New Psychedelic Drug 25I-NBOMe

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: E. Garrido, M. Alfonso, B. Díaz de Greñu, B. Lozano-Torres, M. Parra, P. Gaviña, M. D. Marcos, R. Martínez-Máñez, F. Sancenón, Chem. Eur. J. 2020, 26, 2813, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201905688. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] This work reports the synthesis, characterization, and sensing behavior of a hybrid nanodevice for the detection of the potent abuse drug 25I-NBOMe. The system is based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles, loaded with a fluorescent dye, functionalized with a serotonin derivative and capped with the 5-HT2A receptor antibody. In the presence of 25I-NBOMe the capping antibody is displaced, leading to pore opening and rhodamine B release. This delivery was ascribed to 5-HT2A receptor antibody detachment from the surface due to its stronger coordination with 25I-NBOMe present in the solution. The prepared nanodevice allowed the sensitive (limit of detection of 0.6 mm) and selective recognition of the 25I-NBOMe drug (cocaine, heroin, mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, MDMA, and morphine were unable to induce pore opening and rhodamine B release). This nanodevice acts as a highly sensitive and selective fluorometric probe for the 25I-NBOMe illicit drug in artificial saliva and in sweets.The authors thank the Spanish Government (projects RTI2018-100910-B-C41 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE) and CTQ2017-87954-P) and the Generalitat Valencia (PROMETEO/2018/024) for support. E.G. is grateful to the Spanish MEC for her FPU grant. The authors also thank the Electron Microscopy Service at the UPV for support.Garrido-García, EM.; Alfonso-Navarro, M.; Díaz De Greñu-Puertas, B.; Lozano-Torres, B.; Parra Álvarez, M.; Gaviña, P.; Marcos Martínez, MD.... (2020). Nanosensor for Sensitive Detection of the New Psychedelic Drug 25I-NBOMe. Chemistry - A European Journal. 26(13):2813-2816. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201905688S281328162613World drug report. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Inform2018;European drug report: Trends and Developments. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addition (EMCDDA). Inform2018.Zuba, D., Sekuła, K., & Buczek, A. (2013). 25C-NBOMe – New potent hallucinogenic substance identified on the drug market. Forensic Science International, 227(1-3), 7-14. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.027Poklis, J. L., Raso, S. A., Alford, K. N., Poklis, A., & Peace, M. R. (2015). Analysis of 25I-NBOMe, 25B-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe and Other Dimethoxyphenyl-N-[(2-Methoxyphenyl) Methyl]Ethanamine Derivatives on Blotter Paper. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 39(8), 617-623. doi:10.1093/jat/bkv073Agenda item 4.19.Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. Thirty-sixth Meeting. Geneva 16–20 June2014(World Health Organization).Batisse, A., Taright, N., Chevallier, C., Marillier, M., & Djezzar, S. (2016). «Dual disorder with drugs»: Comparison of two French databases. European Psychiatry, 33(S1), S72-S72. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.005Rickli, A., Luethi, D., Reinisch, J., Buchy, D., Hoener, M. C., & Liechti, M. E. (2015). Receptor interaction profiles of novel N-2-methoxybenzyl (NBOMe) derivatives of 2,5-dimethoxy-substituted phenethylamines (2C drugs). Neuropharmacology, 99, 546-553. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.08.034Lawn, W., Barratt, M., Williams, M., Horne, A., & Winstock, A. (2014). The NBOMe hallucinogenic drug series: Patterns of use, characteristics of users and self-reported effects in a large international sample. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 28(8), 780-788. doi:10.1177/0269881114523866Kueppers, V. B., & Cooke, C. T. (2015). 25I-NBOMe related death in Australia: A case report. Forensic Science International, 249, e15-e18. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.02.010Laskowski, L. K., Elbakoush, F., Calvo, J., Exantus-Bernard, G., Fong, J., Poklis, J. L., … Nelson, L. S. (2014). Evolution of the NBOMes: 25C- and 25B- Sold as 25I-NBOMe. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 11(2), 237-241. doi:10.1007/s13181-014-0445-9Shanks, K. G., Sozio, T., & Behonick, G. S. (2015). Fatal Intoxications with 25B-NBOMe and 25I-NBOMe in Indiana During 2014. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 39(8), 602-606. doi:10.1093/jat/bkv058Da Cunha, K. F., Eberlin, M. N., & Costa, J. L. (2017). Development and validation of a sensitive LC–MS/MS method to analyze NBOMes in dried blood spots: evaluation of long-term stability. Forensic Toxicology, 36(1), 113-121. doi:10.1007/s11419-017-0391-8Caspar, A. T., Helfer, A. G., Michely, J. A., Auwärter, V., Brandt, S. D., Meyer, M. R., & Maurer, H. H. (2015). Studies on the metabolism and toxicological detection of the new psychoactive designer drug 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]ethanamine (25I-NBOMe) in human and rat urine using GC-MS, LC-MSn, and LC-HR-MS/MS. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 407(22), 6697-6719. doi:10.1007/s00216-015-8828-6Andrade, A. F. B., Mamo, S. K., & Gonzalez-Rodriguez, J. (2017). Rapid Screening Method for New Psychoactive Substances of Forensic Interest: Electrochemistry and Analytical Determination of Phenethylamines Derivatives (NBOMe) via Cyclic and Differential Pulse Voltammetry. Analytical Chemistry, 89(3), 1445-1452. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02426Coelho Neto, J. (2015). Rapid detection of NBOME’s and other NPS on blotter papers by direct ATR-FTIR spectrometry. Forensic Science International, 252, 87-92. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.04.025Wu, X., Eriksson, C., Wohlfarth, A., Wallgren, J., Kronstrand, R., Josefsson, M., … Konradsson, P. (2017). Synthesis and identification of metabolite biomarkers of 25C-NBOMe and 25I-NBOMe. Tetrahedron, 73(45), 6393-6400. doi:10.1016/j.tet.2017.09.024Slowing, I. I., Vivero-Escoto, J. L., Trewyn, B. G., & Lin, V. S.-Y. (2010). Mesoporous silica nanoparticles: structural design and applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 20(37), 7924. doi:10.1039/c0jm00554aAznar, E., Coll, C., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., … Ruiz, E. (2009). Borate-Driven Gatelike Scaffolding Using Mesoporous Materials Functionalised with Saccharides. Chemistry - A European Journal, 15(28), 6877-6888. doi:10.1002/chem.200900090Ribes, À., Aznar, E., Santiago-Felipe, S., Xifre-Perez, E., Tormo-Mas, M. Á., Pemán, J., … Martínez-Máñez, R. (2019). Selective and Sensitive Probe Based in Oligonucleotide-Capped Nanoporous Alumina for the Rapid Screening of Infection Produced by Candida albicans. ACS Sensors, 4(5), 1291-1298. doi:10.1021/acssensors.9b00169Coll, C., Bernardos, A., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2012). Gated Silica Mesoporous Supports for Controlled Release and Signaling Applications. Accounts of Chemical Research, 46(2), 339-349. doi:10.1021/ar3001469Sancenón, F., Pascual, L., Oroval, M., Aznar, E., & Martínez-Máñez, R. (2015). Gated Silica Mesoporous Materials in Sensing Applications. ChemistryOpen, 4(4), 418-437. doi:10.1002/open.201500053Aznar, E., Villalonga, R., Giménez, C., Sancenón, F., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., … Amorós, P. (2013). Glucose-triggered release using enzyme-gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Chemical Communications, 49(57), 6391. doi:10.1039/c3cc42210kGiménez, C., de la Torre, C., Gorbe, M., Aznar, E., Sancenón, F., Murguía, J. 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Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy by Dendrimer-Like Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles against Tumor Cells

[EN] We report herein a gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) system using gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) in an attempt to combine the reduction of side effects characteristic of GDEPT with improved pharmacokinetics promoted by gated MSNs. The system consists of the transfection of cancer cells with a plasmid controlled by the cytomegalovirus promoter, which promotes ß-galactosidase (ß-gal) expression from the bacterial gene lacZ (CMV-lacZ). Moreover, dendrimer-like mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) are loaded with the prodrug doxorubicin modified with a galactose unit through a self-immolative group (DOXO-Gal) and modified with a disulfide-containing polyethyleneglycol gatekeeper. Once in tumor cells, the reducing environment induces disulfide bond rupture in the gatekeeper with the subsequent DOXO-Gal delivery, which is enzymatically converted by ß-gal into the cytotoxic doxorubicin drug, causing cell death. The combined treatment of the pair enzyme/DMSNs-prodrug are more effective in killing cells than the free prodrug DOXO-Gal alone in cells transfected with ß-gal.This research was funded by the Spanish Government (projects RTI2018-100910-B-C41, RTI2018-101599-B-C22 and SAF2017-84689-R (MCUI/FEDER, EU)) and the Generalitat Valenciana (projects PROMETEO 2018/024 and PROMETEO/2019/065). Vicente Candela-Noguera thanks the Spanish Government for his fellowship (FPU15/02753). Gema Vivo-Llorca thanks the Generalitat Valenciana for her fellowship (ACIF/2017/072).Candela-Noguera, V.; Vivo-Llorca, G.; Díaz De Greñu, B.; Alfonso, M.; Aznar, E.; Orzáez, M.; Marcos Martínez, MD.... (2021). Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy by Dendrimer-Like Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles against Tumor Cells. Nanomaterials. 11(5):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano1105129811611

The role of meta-cognitive certainty on pornography consumption

Background: The Problematic Pornography Use Scale (PPUS) was originally designed to help predicting pornography consumption. Despite the frequency with which this scale is used in the scientific literature, there is still relatively little evidence regarding the predictive validity of this important instrument. This current research introduces a construct capable of improving the ability of the scale to predict pornography consumption (meta-cognitive certainty). Method: Over two studies, participants completed the PPUS and the meta-cognitive certainty in their responses to the scale was measured (Study 1) or manipulated (Study 2). Self-reported porn consumption was the criterion measure in both studies, with an additional actual overt behavior relevant to consumption of porn included in Study 2. Results: As expected, the PPUS significantly predicted porn consumption, confirming the predictive validity of the scale. More importantly, meta-cognitive certainty was capable of moderating the extent to which scores on the PPUS could predict porn consumption, with greater consistency between the PPUS and reported behavior from those with high (vs. low) meta-cognitive certainty. Conclusions: These data suggest that considering meta-cognitive certainty may be useful for predicting when the link between the PPUS and porn consumption is stronger.Research was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Universidades, Gobierno de España (ES) [PSI2017- 83303-C2-1-P]. Grant to Pablo Briño