The Usefulness of the Legal Concept of Human Dignity in the Human Rights Discourse: Literature Review

This paper will evaluate the convenience of using the legal concept of human dignity in the human rights discourse and its effectiveness to address injustice in a twenty-first century democratic society. This article will argue that the difficulty of defining human dignity does not diminish its merits and allows it to be both solid and adaptable to new challenges. Then, this paper will argue that human dignity is a powerful concept due to its capacity to bring change and modernise society and will conclude that there is a strong relationship between time, human dignity, human rights and democracy. Este artículo evaluará la conveniencia de utilizar el concepto legal de la dignidad humana en el discurso de los derechos humanos y su efectividad para luchar contra la injusticia en una sociedad democrática del siglo XXI. Se expondrá que la dificultad de definirla no menoscababa su valor y le permite ser un concepto sólido y adaptable a nuevos desafíos. Se argumentará que la dignidad humana es un concepto poderoso debido a su capacidad para cambiar y modernizar la sociedad y se concluirá que existe un fuerte vínculo entre el tiempo, la dignidad humana, los derechos humanos y la democracia

Breakfast Is a Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction

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Bizi ohitura osasuntsuak sustatzeko jarduera fisiko programak Portugaleten

[EUS] Bizi ohitura osasuntsuak osatzen duten pautak ezartzea eta Portugaleteko kasura bideratzea da lan honen helburu nagusia. Horretarako, gaur egungo egoera zein den planteatu eta hobekuntzak proposatuko ditugu biztanleria aktiboagoa eta bizi ohitura osasuntsuagoak izateko asmoarekin. Portugaleteko jarduera fisiko eta kiroleko egoera aztertuko da, baita eskaintza eta udalaren jarduera maila ere, Portugaleteko kirol errealitatea zein den ezagutzeko helburuarekin. Lanaren datuak eta ondorioak testu inguratzeko, jarduera fisiko eta ohitura osasuntsuak osatzen duten kontzeptuei birpasa bat aurkeztuko dugu. Amaitzeko, Portugalete kasurako aplikagarriak diren proiektu batzuk proposatuko ditugu.[ES] El objetivo principal del trabajo que viene a continuación es establecer pautas que componen hábitos de vida saludables para ponerlo en práctica al caso de Portugalete. Para ello, se analizará cual es la situación actual para que la ciudadanía sea más activa y tenga hábitos de vida más saludables.Se analizará la situación de la actividad física y el deporte en Portugalete, la oferta y el nivel de actividad desde el Ayuntamiento, con el objetivo de conocer la realidad de Portugalete. Para poner en contexto los datos y conclusiones del trabajo, haremos un repaso a los conceptos de actividad física y deporte. Para finalizar, propondremos varios proyectos aplicables a la realidad de Portugalete

Tentativas comunes. Hacia una investigación comprometida junto y con la plataforma de afectados por la hipoteca (PAH) de Barcelona

Màster Oficial en Antropologia i Etnografia, Departament d'Antropologia, Facultat Geografia i Història, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2015-2016, Director: Mikel Aramburu OtazuEl presente texto se compone fundamentalmente de dos partes. Una primera parte donde intento situar la producción del mismo dentro de los marcos de la universidad, además de servir para situar de dónde vengo y por qué estoy aquí escribiendo. Y otra segunda parte que se sirve de ésta contextualización para narrar el proceso compartido que está siendo la investigación junto y con la PAH de Barcelon

Predicting major complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open hysterectomy for benign indications

BACKGROUND: Hysterectomy, the most common gynecological operation, requires surgeons to counsel women about their operative risks. We aimed to develop and validate multivariable logistic regression models to predict major complications of laparoscopic or abdominal hysterectomy for benign conditions. METHODS: We obtained routinely collected health administrative data from the English National Health Service (NHS) from 2011 to 2018. We defined major complications based on core outcomes for postoperative complications including ureteric, gastrointestinal and vascular injury, and wound complications. We specified 11 predictors a priori. We used internal–external cross-validation to evaluate discrimination and calibration across 7 NHS regions in the development cohort. We validated the final models using data from an additional NHS region. RESULTS: We found that major complications occurred in 4.4% (3037/68 599) of laparoscopic and 4.9% (6201/125 971) of abdominal hysterectomies. Our models showed consistent discrimination in the development cohort (laparoscopic, C-statistic 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60 to 0.62; abdominal, C-statistic 0.67, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.70) and similar or better discrimination in the validation cohort (laparoscopic, C-statistic 0.67, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.69; abdominal, C-statistic 0.67, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.69). Adhesions were most predictive of complications in both models (laparoscopic, odds ratio [OR] 1.92, 95% CI 1.73 to 2.13; abdominal, OR 2.46, 95% CI 2.27 to 2.66). Other factors predictive of complications included adenomyosis in the laparoscopic model, and Asian ethnicity and diabetes in the abdominal model. Protective factors included age and diagnoses of menstrual disorders or benign adnexal mass in both models and diagnosis of fibroids in the abdominal model. INTERPRETATION: Personalized risk estimates from these models, which showed moderate discrimination, can inform clinical decision-making for people with benign conditions who may require hysterectomy

Assisted closed-loops for brain-computer interfaces

This work was supported by UAM CEMU 2012-004, MINECO TIN2012-30883 and TIN-2010-19607

CHARMS and PROBAST at your fingertips:a template for data extraction and risk of bias assessment in systematic reviews of predictive models

Background: Systematic reviews of studies of clinical prediction models are becoming increasingly abundant in the literature. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment are critical steps in any systematic review. CHARMS and PROBAST are the standard tools used for these steps in these reviews of clinical prediction models. Results: We developed an Excel template for data extraction and risk of bias assessment of clinical prediction models including both recommended tools. The template makes it easier for reviewers to extract data, to assess the risk of bias and applicability, and to produce results tables and figures ready for publication. Conclusion: We hope this template will simplify and standardize the process of conducting a systematic review of prediction models, and promote a better and more comprehensive reporting of these systematic reviews

Predicting Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Low-Risk Individuals Ideal Cardiovascular Health Score and Fuster-BEWAT Score

BACKGROUND The ideal cardiovascular health score (ICHS) is recommended for use in primary prevention. Simpler tools not requiring laboratory tests, such as the Fuster-BEWAT (blood pressure [B], exercise [E], weight [W], alimentation [A], and tobacco [T]) score (FBS), are also available. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ICHS and FBS in predicting the presence and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 3,983 participants 40 to 54 years of age were enrolled in the PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) cohort. Subclinical atherosclerosis was measured in right and left carotids, abdominal aorta, right and left iliofemoral arteries, and coronary arteries. Subjects were classified as having poor, intermediate, or ideal cardiovascular health based on the number of favorable ICHS or FBS. RESULTS With poor ICHS and FBS as references, individuals with ideal ICHS and FBS showed lower adjusted odds of having atherosclerotic plaques (ICHS odds ratio [OR]: 0.41; 95\% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31 to 0.55 vs. FBS OR: 0.49; 95\% CI: 0.36 to 0.66), coronary artery calcium (CACS) >= 1 (CACS OR: 0.41; 95\% CI: 0.28 to 0.60 vs. CACS OR: 0.53; 95\% CI: 0.38 to 0.74), higher number of affected territories (OR: 0.32; 95\% CI: 0.26 to 0.41 vs. OR: 0.39; 95\% CI: 0.31 to 0.50), and higher CACS level (OR: 0.40; 95\% CI: 0.28 to 0.58 vs. OR: 0.52; 95\% CI: 0.38 to 0.72). Similar levels of significantly discriminating accuracy were found for ICHS and FBS with respect to the presence of plaques (C-statistic: 0.694; 95\% CI: 0.678 to 0.711 vs. 0.692; 95\% CI: 0.676 to 0.709, respectively) and for CACS >= 1 (C-statistic: 0.782; 95\% CI: 0.765 to 0.800 vs. 0.780; 95\% CI: 0.762 to 0.798, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Both scores predict the presence and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis with similar accuracy, highlighting the value of the FBS as a simpler and more affordable score for evaluating the risk of subclinical disease. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.The PESA study was co-funded by Fundacion Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) and Banco Santander. Funding was also provided by Institute of Health Carlos III (PI15/02019) and European Regional Development Fund. CNIC is supported by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and Pro CNIC Foundation; and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505). This work is part of a project that received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant 707642 and American Heart Association grant 14SFRN20490315. Dr. Bueno has received research funding from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PIE16/00021), AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, and Novartis; is a consultant for Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb-Pfizer, and Novartis; and has received speakers fees and travel and attendance support from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb-Pfizer, Ferrer, Novartis, Servier, and Medscape. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. Matthew Budoff, MD, served as Guest Editor for this paper.S