Pemanfaatan Algoritma Porter Stemmer Untuk Bahasa Indonesia Dalam Proses Klasifikasi Jenis Buku

. Stemming is the process of mapping and decomposition of various forms (variants) of a word to essentially find the root word. This process is also referred to as the conflation. Stemming process has been widely used in the activities of the information retrieval (search information) to improve the quality of the information obtained. Stemming works by employing words taken froma dictionary and the USAge of the basic rules of affixes. Porter stemmer for Indonesian or commonly referred as Tala stemmer uses the rules of basic analysis to find the root of a word. Tala Stemmer does not use a dictionary in the process. Instead, it uses a rule-based algorithm. In this study, the principal issue raised is how to make the process of classification/determination of the book/library materials in a library with a fast and effective manner in order to minimize error in determining the type of books. The solution is to utilize the method used by the porter stemmer for stemming Indonesian

Microbial solar cells: applying photosynthetic and electrochemically active organisms

Microbial solar cells (MSCs) are recently developed technologies utilizing solar energy to produce electricity or chemicals. MSCs use photoautotrophic microorganisms or higher plants to harvest solar energy, and use electrochemically active microorganisms in the bioelectrochemical system to generate electrical current. Here, we review the principles and performance of various MSCs, in an effort to identify the most promising systems as well as the bottlenecks and potential solutions towards „real life. MSC application. We give an outlook on future applications based on the intrinsic advantages of MSCs, showcasing specifically how these living energy systems can facilitate the development of an electricity-producing green roof.This is a "Post-Print" accepted manuscript, which has been published in "Trends in Biotechnology". This version is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Netherlands License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Please cite this publication as follows: 2011 Trends in Biotechnology Microbial solar cells: applying photosynthetic and electrochemically active organisms. David P.B.T.B. Strik, Ruud A. Timmers, Marjolein Helder, Kirsten J.J. Steinbusch, Hubertus V.M. Hamelers, , Cees J.N. Buisman. Trends in Biotechnology 29 (1), 41-49 You can download the published version at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.10.00

Postpartum Urinary Retention after Vaginal Delivery

Abstract Objective:To determine the incidence of postpartum urinary retention (PUR) after vaginal delivery and to specify any obstetric risk factors that contributing PUR. Methods: Case control study. Six hours after vaginal delivery, urethral catheterization was implemented for estimation of post void residual bladder and diagnosis PUR.  Patient data, including age, gestational age, body mass index, parity, mode of delivery, labor duration, perineal laceration or episiotomy, and fetal birth weight, were compared between women with and those without PUR to determine which obstetric factors that develops PUR. Results: Of the 365 participants recruited, 38 (10,67%) had PUR: 33 (9,27%) with covert PUR and 5 (1,4%) with overt PUR. Women with perineal laceration or episiotomy (p<0,05), instrument-assisted delivery (p<0,05), first stage duration of labor more than 12 hours (p<0,05), second stage duration of labor more than one hour in multipara (p=0,041), and fetal birth weight more than 3800 grams (p<0,05) more prone to develop PUR. Conclusion: The incidence of PUR were associated with several obstetric risk factors: perineal laceration or episiotomy, instrument-assisted delivery, first stage duration of labor more than twelve hours, second stage duration of labor more than one hour in multipara, and fetal birth weight more than 3800 grams. Key words: vaginal delivery, postpartum urinary retention, risk factor   Abstrak Tujuan:Mengetahui angka kejadian retensi urine di kota Manado dan mengetahui faktor risiko obstetri yang berperan dalam terjadinya retensi urine pascasalin pervaginam. Metode:Penelitian kasus kontrol. Dilakukan pemeriksaan residu urine 6 jam pascasalin pervaginam untuk mengetahui kejadian retensi urine. Data pasien yang diambil berupa usia, usia gestasi, indeks massa tubuh, paritas, jenis persalinan, durasi kala I, durasi kala II, laserasi perineum / episiotomi, dan berat badan lahir bayi kemudian dibandingkan antara yang menderita retensi urine dan tanpa retensi urine pasca salin untuk mengetahui faktor risiko obstetri yang berperan. Hasil:Dari 365 sampel penelitian, 38 (10,67%) menderita retensi urine: 33 (9,27%) retensi urine asimptomatis dan 5 (1,4%) retensi urine simptomatis. Pasien dengan laserasi perineum / episiotomi (p<0,05), persalinan dengan bantuan instrumen (p<0,05), durasi persalinan kala I ³ 12 jam (p<0,05), persalinan kala II ³ 1 jam pada multipara (p=0,041), dan berat badan lahir bayi ³ 3800 gram (p<0,05) memiliki risiko lebih tingi menderita retensi urine pascasalin pervaginam. Kesimpulan:Kejadian retensi urine pascasalin pervaginam berhubungan dengan beberapa faktor risiko obstetri yaitu laserasi perineum / episiotomi, persalinan dengan bantuan instrumen, durasi persalinan kala I ³ 12 jam, persalinan kala II ³ 1 jam pada multipara, dan berat badan lahir bayi ³ 3800 gram. Kata kunci: persalinan pervaginam, retensi urine, faktor risi

Patient-tailored adoptive immunotherapy with EBV-specific T cells from related and unrelated donors

BACKGROUND: Adoptive transfer of EBV-specific T cells can restore specific immunity in immunocompromised patients with EBV-associated complications. METHODS: We provide results of a personalized T-cell manufacturing program evaluating donor, patient, T-cell product and outcome data. Patient-tailored clinical-grade EBV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (EBV-CTL) products from stem cell donors (SCD), related third party donors (TPD) or unrelated TPD from the allogeneic T-cell donor registry (alloCELL) established at Hannover Medical School were manufactured by immunomagnetic selection using CliniMACS Plus or Prodigy device and EBV PepTivators EBNA-1 and Select. Consecutive manufacturing processes were evaluated and patient outcome and side effects were retrieved by retrospective chart analysis. RESULTS: Forty clinical-grade EBV-CTL products from SCDs, related or unrelated TPDs were generated for 37 patients with and without transplantation (Tx) history within 5 days (median) after donor identification. 34 patients received 1-14 EBV-CTL products (fresh and cryopreserved). EBV-CTL transfer led to complete response in 20 of 29 patients who were evaluated for clinical response. No infusion-related toxicity was reported. EBV-specific T cells in patients' blood were detectable in 16/18 monitored patients (89 %) after transfer and correlated with clinical response. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, personalized clinical-grade manufacturing of EBV-CTL products via immunomagnetic selection from SCD, related or unrelated TPD is feasible in a timely manner. Overall, EBV-CTL were clinically effective and well-tolerated. Our data suggest EBV-CTL as promising therapeutic approach for immunocompromised patients with refractory EBV-associated diseases beyond HSCT as well as patients with pre-existing organ dysfunction

Seismic Performance Comparison of Pile Supported Slab Viaduct with PHC Pile and RC Bored Pile in South Part of Java Island

At present, infrastructures of Indonesia are developed rapidly to enhance economic growth. One of them is in terms of an elevated structure to support highway and railway infrastructures. Pile-supported slab viaduct (PSSV) with pre-stressed hollow concrete (PHC) piles has been widely used in the development of both infrastructures. The structural configuration just contains a pile as a pier, pile head, and slab. So that, quick construction time and lower cost are amongst the consideration of that type selection. Considering that the Indonesian country is mostly in the earthquake zone, the development of the high seismic performance of PSSV structures becomes a necessity. Previous researches showed that PHC piles without additional treatment have low ductility and energy dissipation. On the other hand, reinforced concrete (RC) columns could achieve medium ductility for a stand-alone seismic lateral resistance. In this study, a seismic performance comparison between PSSV with spun pile column and PSSV with RC bored pile column that designed as a medium ductility concept to be conducted with a numerical model by using OpenSees software. A non-linear beam-column element with hinge and fiber section was adopted to simulate the plastic hinge behavior of the pile element. Cyclic loading following ACI 374.1-05 loading protocol was implemented to quantify structural drift-energy dissipation. Then, to evaluate the seismic performance of the proposed structures, a set of scaled ground motion provided by the Japan Road Association (JRA) was generated. The target acceleration spectra based on SNI 2833-2016, the Indonesia seismic load provision for bridge design, for Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta Province. The result of this study concluded that utilizing RC bored pile as the piers of the PSSV structure could produce higher energy dissipation than the one with PHC pile column under cyclic loading. Also, PSSV structure with RC pile column had a better response against the seismic excitation than the one with the PHC column, even though slightly over the ultimate capacity. However, the PSSV with PHC column had significant over-limit deformation under some ground motion excitation. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd

Staphylococcus aureus Alpha-Toxin Limits Type 1 While Fostering Type 3 Immune Responses.

Staphylococcus aureus can cause life-threatening diseases, and hospital- as well as community-associated antibiotic-resistant strains are an emerging global public health problem. Therefore, prophylactic vaccines or immune-based therapies are considered as alternative treatment opportunities. To develop such novel treatment approaches, a better understanding of the bacterial virulence and immune evasion mechanisms and their potential effects on immune-based therapies is essential. One important staphylococcal virulence factor is alpha-toxin, which is able to disrupt the epithelial barrier in order to establish infection. In addition, alpha-toxin has been reported to modulate other cell types including immune cells. Since CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity is required for protection against S. aureus infection, we were interested in the ability of alpha-toxin to directly modulate CD4+ T cells. To address this, murine naïve CD4+ T cells were differentiated in vitro into effector T cell subsets in the presence of alpha-toxin. Interestingly, alpha-toxin induced death of Th1-polarized cells, while cells polarized under Th17 conditions showed a high resistance toward increasing concentrations of this toxin. These effects could neither be explained by differential expression of the cellular alpha-toxin receptor ADAM10 nor by differential activation of caspases, but might result from an increased susceptibility of Th1 cells toward Ca2+-mediated activation-induced cell death. In accordance with the in vitro findings, an alpha-toxin-dependent decrease of Th1 and concomitant increase of Th17 cells was observed in vivo during S. aureus bacteremia. Interestingly, corresponding subsets of innate lymphoid cells and γδ T cells were similarly affected, suggesting a more general effect of alpha-toxin on the modulation of type 1 and type 3 immune responses. In conclusion, we have identified a novel alpha-toxin-dependent immunomodulatory strategy of S. aureus, which can directly act on CD4+ T cells and might be exploited for the development of novel immune-based therapeutic approaches to treat infections with antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains

TBKBP1 is a novel player modulating the cytotoxic function of human cytomegalovirus-specific CD8+T cells

Yu Z, Nair V, Bonifacius A, et al. TBKBP1 is a novel player modulating the cytotoxic function of human cytomegalovirus-specific CD8+T cells. European Journal of Immunology. 2023;53(S2):113

Rapid Manufacturing of Highly Cytotoxic Clinical-Grade SARS-CoV-2-specific T Cell Products Covering SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants for Adoptive T Cell Therapy

Objectives: Evaluation of the feasibility of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell manufacturing for adoptive T cell transfer in COVID-19 patients at risk to develop severe disease.Methods: Antiviral SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected in blood of convalescent COVID-19 patients following stimulation with PepTivator SARS-CoV-2 Select using Interferon-gamma Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (IFN-gamma ELISpot), SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Analysis Kit (Whole Blood) and Cytokine Secretion Assay (CSA) and were characterized with respect to memory phenotype, activation state and cytotoxic potential by multicolor flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR and multiplex analyses. Clinical-grade SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell products were generated by stimulation with MACS GMP PepTivator SARS-CoV-2 Select using CliniMACS Prodigy and CliniMACS Cytokine Capture System (IFN-gamma) (CCS). Functionality of enriched T cells was investigated in cytotoxicity assays and by multiplex analysis of secreted cytotoxic molecules upon target recognition.Results: Donor screening via IFN-gamma ELISpot allows for pre-selection of potential donors for generation of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells. Antiviral T cells reactive against PepTivator SARS-CoV-2 Select could be magnetically enriched from peripheral blood of convalescent COVID-19 patients by small-scale CSA resembling the clinical-grade CCS manufacturing process and showed an activated and cytotoxic T cell phenotype. Four clinical-grade SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell products were successfully generated with sufficient cell numbers and purities comparable to those observed in donor pretesting via CSA. The T cells in the generated products were shown to be capable to replicate, specifically recognize and kill target cells in vitro and secrete cytotoxic molecules upon target recognition. Cell viability, total CD3(+) cell number, proliferative capacity and cytotoxic potential remained stable throughout storage of up to 72 h after end of leukapheresis.Conclusion: Clinical-grade SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are functional, have proliferative capacity and target-specific cytotoxic potential. Their function and phenotype remain stable for several days after enrichment. The adoptive transfer of partially matched, viable human SARS-CoV-2-specific T lymphocytes collected from convalescent individuals may provide the opportunity to support the immune system of COVID-19 patients at risk for severe disease