Cross-domain interoperability using federated interoperable semantic IoT/Cloud testbeds and applications: The FIESTA-IoT approach

This work is funded by the European Commission under the EU-H2020 Project Grant ”Federated Interoperable Semantic IoT/cloudTestbeds andApplications (FIESTA)” with the Grant Agreement No. CNECT-ICT-643943

How context affects transdisciplinary research: insights from Asia, Africa and Latin America

Transdisciplinary research (TDR) has been developed to generate knowledge that effectively fosters the capabilities of various societal actors to realize sustainability transformations. The development of TDR theories, principles, and methods has been largely governed by researchers from the global North and has reflected their contextual conditions. To enable more contextsensitive TDR framing, we sought to identify which contextual characteristics affect the design and implementation of TDR in six case studies in Asia, Latin America, and Africa, and what this means for TDR as a scientific approach. To this end, we distinguished four TDR process elements and identified several associated context dimensions that appeared to influence them. Our analysis showed that contextual characteristics prevalent in many Southern research sites—such as highly volatile socio-political situations and relatively weak support infrastructure—can make TDR a challenging endeavour. However, we also observed a high degree of variation in the contextual characteristics of our sites in the global South, including regarding group deliberation, research freedom, and dominant perceptions of the appropriate relationship between science, society, and policy. We argue that TDR in these contexts requires pragmatic adaptations as well as more fundamental reflection on underlying epistemological concepts around what it means to conduct “good science”, as certain contextual characteristics may influence core epistemological values of TDR

Conclusion

Face à la guerre et à la paix, les chrétiens entretiennent des relations finalement complexes, qu’il est possible d’observer à travers trois thèmes transversaux à ce travail collectif, les figures, les discours et les images. Les premières, du moine-guerrier au pape apôtre de la paix, illustrent tout le champ de ces confrontations et peuvent être déclinées autour de quatre types. Il y a d’abord les dignitaires des institutions religieuses, et notamment la hiérarchie catholique. Ils sont les t..

Les chrétiens, la guerre et la paix : De la paix de Dieu

Faisant de la paix une vertu évangélique, le christianisme a cependant aussi entretenu au cours de son histoire des rapports ambivalents avec la guerre, un phénomène de violence et d'affrontement, réglé ou non, commun à toutes les sociétés : des chrétiens se sont battus au nom de Dieu ; des clercs ont béni et accompagné les armées ; des papes ont appelé à la croisade ; des théologiens ont défini ce que devait être la guerre juste, le jus ad bellum. En même temps, les Églises ont cherché à imposer des règles aux guerriers pour contenir leur violence, depuis la Paix de Dieu jusqu'au respect du droit, le jus in bello. Elles ont aussi proposé leurs arbitrages aux belligérants et souvent prôné la paix – en affirmant ainsi aujourd'hui la nécessité du dialogue inter-religieux, ce que traduit l'esprit de la rencontre d'Assise (1986). Il convient alors d'explorer, dans une perspective historique, sur la longue durée, ces liens complexes, diversifiés et évolutifs que le christianisme a noués avec la guerre et avec la paix et qu'une typologie sommaire peut éclairer. L'étude de la religion du temps de guerre, des justifications religieuses des conflits et des évolutions vers le pacifisme chrétien révèle des figures, des discours et des images. Les premières, depuis les moines-soldats jusqu'aux papes, illustrent les différents types de confrontation vécus par des hommes d'Église ou des fidèles, pris entre leur foi et leurs intérêts. À travers les discours apparaissent les argumentaires théologiques ou plus temporels des chrétiens pour soutenir, condamner ou déplorer les guerres. Les images, enfin, sont porteuses des systèmes de représentations qui fondent ou légitiment des engagements en faveur de la guerre ou de la paix. Ce sont autant d'études de cas qui expriment cette ambivalence fondamentale du christianisme vis-à-vis des réalités humaines, et ses tentatives pour la dépasser

Xavier Boniface, L'aumônerie militaire française de 1914 à 1962, thèse de doctorat nouveau régime, soutenue le 24 novembre 1997 à l'Université du Littoral-Côte d'Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer. Présentation et compte rendu de la discussion

Béthouart Bruno, Boniface Xavier. Xavier Boniface, L'aumônerie militaire française de 1914 à 1962, thèse de doctorat nouveau régime, soutenue le 24 novembre 1997 à l'Université du Littoral-Côte d'Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer. Présentation et compte rendu de la discussion . In: Revue du Nord, tome 80, n°325, Avril-juin 1998. 1914-1918, guerre et occupation. pp. 469-474

Peripheral tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, and their metabolites in major depression: A case–control study

International audienceAim: Tryptophan is the sole precursor of both peripherally and centrally produced serotonin and kynurenine. In depressed patients, tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, and their metabolite levels remain unclear. Therefore, peripheral tryptophan and metabolites of serotonin and kynurenine were investigated extensively in 173 patients suffering from a current major depressive episode (MDE) and compared to 214 healthy controls (HC).Methods: Fasting plasma levels of 11 peripheral metabolites were quantified: tryptophan, serotonin pathway (serotonin, its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid), and kynurenine pathway (kynurenine and six of its metabolites: anthranilic acid, kynurenic acid, nicotinamide, picolinic acid, xanthurenic acid, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid).Results: Sixty (34.7%) patients were antidepressant-drug free. Tryptophan levels did not differ between MDE patients and HC. Serotonin and its precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan) levels were lower in MDE patients than in HC, whereas, its metabolite (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) levels were within the standard range. Kynurenine and four of its metabolites (kynurenic acid, nicotinamide, picolinic acid, and xanthurenic acid) were lower in MDE patients.Conclusion: Whilst the results of this study demonstrate an association between the metabolites studied and depression, conclusions about causality cannot be made. This study uses the largest ever sample of MDE patients, with an extensive assessment of peripheral tryptophan metabolism in plasma. These findings provide new insights into the peripheral signature of MDE. The reasons for these changes should be further investigated. These results might suggest new antidepressant therapeutic strategies

Peripheral tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, and their metabolites in major depression: A case–control study

International audienceAim: Tryptophan is the sole precursor of both peripherally and centrally produced serotonin and kynurenine. In depressed patients, tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, and their metabolite levels remain unclear. Therefore, peripheral tryptophan and metabolites of serotonin and kynurenine were investigated extensively in 173 patients suffering from a current major depressive episode (MDE) and compared to 214 healthy controls (HC).Methods: Fasting plasma levels of 11 peripheral metabolites were quantified: tryptophan, serotonin pathway (serotonin, its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid), and kynurenine pathway (kynurenine and six of its metabolites: anthranilic acid, kynurenic acid, nicotinamide, picolinic acid, xanthurenic acid, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid).Results: Sixty (34.7%) patients were antidepressant-drug free. Tryptophan levels did not differ between MDE patients and HC. Serotonin and its precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan) levels were lower in MDE patients than in HC, whereas, its metabolite (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) levels were within the standard range. Kynurenine and four of its metabolites (kynurenic acid, nicotinamide, picolinic acid, and xanthurenic acid) were lower in MDE patients.Conclusion: Whilst the results of this study demonstrate an association between the metabolites studied and depression, conclusions about causality cannot be made. This study uses the largest ever sample of MDE patients, with an extensive assessment of peripheral tryptophan metabolism in plasma. These findings provide new insights into the peripheral signature of MDE. The reasons for these changes should be further investigated. These results might suggest new antidepressant therapeutic strategies

Numerical simulation of unsteady Euler flow around multibladed rotor in forward flight using a moving grid approach

Communication to : AHS 51st Annual Forum and Technology Display, Forth Worth, TX (USA), May 9-11, 1995Available at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 22419, issue : a.1995 n.46 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc