Trace-metal distribution and ecological risk assessment in sediments of a sheltered coastal area (Gulf of Gaeta, central-eastern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) in relation to hydrodynamic conditions

This study investigates the relationship between sediment contamination and hydrodynamic conditions in the Gaeta Gulf (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy), an anthropogenically impacted and sheltered coastal area. The pollution levels, potential toxicity, and ecological risk of trace metals were analysed in 16 sediment sampling sites using Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), the Adverse Effect Index (AEI), and the Mean ERM Quotient (m-ERM-Q). The bottom shear stress of the study area, evaluated using an annual simulation of a 3D numerical model, was used to calculate a new Sediment Mobilisation Index (SMI) that detects the coastal zones where a low probability of sediment resuspension occurs. As, Ni, and Cu concentrations exceeded the Threshold Effects Level (TEL) guideline value and AEI limit in several sampling sites, indicating their ability to produce adverse effects on biota. Moreover m-ERM-Q showed the highest values of potential ecological risk in most of the sampling sites located in the inner part of the Gulf of Gaeta. In this area, the highest SMI values were also identified, demonstrating that there is a tight relationship between the two indexes (R2 = 0.8214). The application of SMI in sheltered areas will help achieve high performance of monitoring and hazard assessment tools through obtaining predictable responses on hotspot identification

Computational modeling of immune system of the fish for a more effective vaccination in aquaculture

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DREDGING WORKS MONITORING IN THE PORT OF CIVITAVECCHIA, ROME, ITALY: SEDIMENTOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS

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Factors controlling atmospheric DMS and its oxidation products (MSA and nssSO(4)(2-)) in the aerosol at Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica

This paper presents the results of simultaneous high time-resolution measurements of biogenic aerosol (methane sulfonic acid (MSA), non-sea salt sulfate nssSO(4)(2-)) with its gaseous precursor dimethylsulfide (DMS), performed at the Italian coastal base Mario Zucchelli Station (MZS) in Terra Nova Bay (MZS) during two summer campaigns (2018-2019 and 2019-2020). Data on atmospheric DMS concentration are scarce, especially in Antarctica. The DMS maximum at MZS occurs in December, one month earlier than at other Antarctic stations. The maximum of DMS concentration is connected with the phytoplanktonic senescent phase following the bloom of Phaeocystis antarctica that occurs in the polynya when sea ice opens up. The second plankton bloom occurs in January and, despite the high dimethylsufoniopropionate (DMSP) concentration in seawater, atmospheric DMS remains low, probably due to its fast biological turnover in seawater in this period. The intensity and timing of the DMS evolution during the two years suggest that only the portion of the polynya close to the sampling site produces a discernible effect on the measured DMS. The closeness to the DMS source area and the occurrence of air masses containing DMS and freshly formed oxidation products allow us to study the kinetic of biogenic aerosol formation and the reliable derivation of the branch ratio between MSA and nssSO(4)(2-) from DMS oxidation that is estimated to be 0.84 +/- 0.06. Conversely, for aged air masses with low DMS content, an enrichment of nssSO(4)(2-) with respect to MSA, is observed. We estimate that the mean contribution of freshly formed biogenic aerosol to PM10 is 17 % with a maximum of 56 %. The high contribution of biogenic aerosol to the total PM10 mass in summer in this area highlights the dominant role of the polynya on biogenic aerosol formation. Finally, due to the regional and year-to-year variability of DMS and related biogenic aerosol formation, we stress the need for long-term measurements of seawater and atmospheric DMS and biogenic aerosol along the Antarctic coast and in the Southern Ocean

An application of agrometeorology: irrigation water management in maize

Irrimanager is a model for simulation and evaluation of irrigation scheduling. The model performs the soil water balance and it is a multi-modal service because the irrigation advice can be in a internet (web page)or mobile way (txt). This thesis reports on the use and validation of the model using independent data sets relative to meteorological data and phenological observation in order to validate in particular the last information given by the model to help the farmers. Version 1.1 and version 1.2 were used in maize crop in the Veneto Region. Meteorological data's analysis demonstrated at local area the same climate change of the global area and in particular the anomalous trend of the precipitation during the summer season which made the crops more needed of water to avoid the losses caused by stress management. On the other hand the phenological observations, coming from a Network in the Veneto region, were used analyse the answer of the crops to the climate change In fact, starting from these both records available meteorological and phenological data, the validation of was carried out in 2006 and 2007, comparing simulated values of soil moisture and henological stages with the measured ones. The validation of the model was performed also using an arid scenario: maize crop in Victoria, West Australia, in 2007, comparing the output with that ones coming from a similar easy water balance model, created by the Department of Primary Industry of Kyabram. The results showed the good performances of the model in Legnaro in 2006 with both versions and also in Australia, not significant correlation was founded in Legnaro in 2007 with last version. These results support the importance how the agrometeorology science, multidisciplinary science, can play a fundamental role in the modern agricultur

La fenologia per la viticoltura: esempio applicativo nelle varieta Chardonnay e Garganega nei Colli Berici della Regione Veneto nel 2005

English journal title: Italian Journal of AgrometeorologyI Colli Berici sono una formazione collinare, situata nella Regione Veneto e compresa interamente nella provincia di Vicenza, dove la viticoltura è molto diffusa. Il caso studio si riferisce a due varietà, Chardonnay e Garganega, coltivate in tre aziende coinvolte nel progetto di ricerca Aquavitis. Obiettivo di questo lavoro è l’analisi dei rilievi fenologici raccolti durante il primo anno di ricerca e l’interpolazione di questi con i dati meteo, forniti dalle stazioni meteorologiche di proprietà dell’ARPA Veneto. I risultati mostrano come la fenologia, ancora una volta, possa trovare vari campi di applicazione poiché molte tecniche di coltivazione sono strettamente legate allo sviluppo ontogenico vegetale e, come questa disciplina costituisca un valido strumento di supporto agli operatori del settore.A. Bonamano, R. De Bei and M. Borinhttp://www.arpa.veneto.it/temi-ambientali/agrometeo/file-e-allegati/documenti/fenologia/AQUAVITIS%202%20AIAM%202006.pdf/vie