The Nigerian Telecommunication Industry: Analysis of the First Fifteen Years of the Growths and Challenges in the GSM Market (2001 – 2016)

The introduction of GSM into the Nigerian market has caused a positive disruption in the national paradigm; this has changed the way people, government and society interact and conduct business. In the nineteenth and twentieth century, the major means of communication were the telegraph, telephony, wireless communication and the use of copper conductors [1]. This paper critically analyse the GSM market under the Nigerian Telecommunication Industry.A profound analysis of the growth of GSM market with existing market challenges from 2001 till 2016 was critically analysed. In this paper, we carried out a lot of research using what past researchers have done as a foundation for this paper. From the advent of the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) in 2001, the analysis of the annual growths in terms of subscribers, revenue and market penetration was carried out as well as the causes of the challenges faced by the GSM market and how it played out in terms of loss of subscribers, foreign investments and the cost of operation by the companies. In addition, the impact of the GSM market to the economy of the nation as well as her citizens as it pertains to the growth and challenges faced by the market

Tongue rolling and hand clasping among various ABO blood groups in a University community in Eastern Nigeria

Morphogenetic traits are physical observable traits that can be inherited either in a single gene or multifactorial pattern. ABO blood group is a codominant inherited trait that has been associated with different anatomical and physiological variations. However, there are limited studies that have linked ABO blood groups with some morphogenetic traits. This study was conducted to ascertain the distribution of morphogenetic traits like hand clasping and tongue rolling among ABO blood groups in a University community in Eastern Nigeria. A total of 115 volunteers participated in the study. The blood groups of the participants were determined and the expression of the morphogenetic traits was gotten by physical observation. Greater proportion of the participants were males (55.65 %), students (61.74 %) and within ages 15−25 (58.26 %). There was a higher prevalence of blood group O (57.39 %), tongue non-rollers (53.04 %) and right hand clasping (74.78 %) among the participants. The participants with blood groups A and O recorded a higher distribution of tongue non-rollers while those with blood groups B and AB recorded an equal number of both tongue roller and non-rollers. The participants with blood groups A, B and O recorded a higher distribution of right hand clasping while those with blood group AB recorded a significant higher distribution of left hand clasping (P<0.05). In conclusion, morphogenetic pattern of tongue rolling could not be associated with ABO blood group, whereas that of left hand clasping was associated with blood group AB suggesting that individuals with blood group AB is likely to exhibit left hand clasping; forming basis for determination of hand clasping using ABO blood group in future advancement of genetics and forensic scienc

The telecom value chain, opportunities and revenues created by the nigerian telecom boom

In Nigeria today, we face a serious economic challenge which is as a result of our swindling primary source of revenue (oil), there is fear amongst our economists which is can Nigeria bounce back to what she once was? Can there be an alternative source to serve as a buffer to what we already have. This study aims to bring to prime focus, an industry which has begun blooming in the background. Despite the publicity and popularity enjoyed by today’s telecom giants in the country, there is very little knowledge pertaining to the tremendous impact that it has had directly or indirectly on our economy over the years. Since the liberalization of the telecom industry that brought about the involvement of private investors into the sector, the opportunities and revenues generated has brought about a tremendous effect on the economy. The telecom sector is only second after the oil and gas industry in the amount of finance it contributes to the federal account. This paper discusses some of the value chains, opportunities, revenue that the telecom industry has brought to Nigeria. It uses data obtained from relevant authorities

Impact of Social Media on The Reading Culture of Nigerian Youths; Is the Social Media platform providing an Alternative Source of Education?

The Social Media is a group of online communication channels that allow individuals, groups, governments, organizations, and companies etc. to share information, ideas and express their selves via virtual networks sites like Facebook, Twitter, linked in, Instagram but to name a few. They have all succeeded in connecting Nigerian youths so that they have been able to share information and connect with each other without any boundaries. The purpose of this term paper is to analyze the impact of social media on the reading habits of Nigerian youths and also determine if it is providing an alternative source of education, this is due to the fact that issues have risen concerning the its effects on the reading culture of Nigerian youths due to the fact that recent statistics has shown that there has been a rapid decline in the reading culture of Nigerian students. Youths tend to spend their time online chatting, posting selfies, keeping up in the latest entertainment news and exhibiting celebrity mania and all this tends to have a negative impact in their reading culture. However, the upside to all this is that it can be an alternative source of education with the introduction of web based technologies, e-learning facilities, online encyclopedias and blogs which have immensely helped in serving as an alternative to education amongst Nigerian youths though research also shows only a few actually use them for educational purposes. The authors concluded that even though the social media has a negative impact on the reading culture of our youths, it also provides an alternative source of education but most Nigerian youths are not making full use of these opportunities and this has to be rectified by creating an awareness on its benefits

Implementing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Using IFFT/FFT

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a modulation system that offers many advantages over other modulation scheme. OFDM is a particular form of Multi-carrier transmission and is suited for frequency selective channels and high data rates; it overcomes the Inter Symbol Interference(ISI) problem by modulating multiple narrow-band sub-carriers in parallel. In this paper, analysis of OFDM is carried out with emphasis on the implementation using IFFT/FFT as against multiple Oscillators and demodulators. The concept of orthogonality of carriers is used to explain the ability to transmit multi-carriers without interference and the ease of decoupling the signal information at the receivers. Matlab simulations were carried out to show these concept

MIMO channels: optimizing throughput and reducing outage by increasing multiplexing gain

The two main aims of deploying multiple input multiple out (MIMO) are to achieve spatial diversity (improves channel reliability) and spatial multiplexing (increase data throughput). Achieving both in a given system is impossible for now, and a trade-off has to be reached as they may be conflicting objectives. The basic concept of multiplexing: divide (multiplex) transmit a data stream several branches and transmit via several (independent) channels. In this paper, we focused mainly on achieving spatial multiplexing by modeling the channel using the diagonal Bell Labs space time scheme (D-BLAST) and the vertical Bell Labs space time architecture (V-BLAST) Matlab simulations results were a lso given to further compare the advantages of spatial multiplexing

Analysis of Mobile Networks Signal Strength for GSM Networks

GSM Network performance and service quality evaluation are essential steps for mobile operators as the income generated and customer satisfaction is directly linked to network performance and quality. Mobile Network Service Satisfaction assessment, most importantly from the consumer’s perception is necessary to evaluate the network performance and maintain service quality standards. In this project, based on the end user satisfaction stand Point, we consider the service quality offered by mobile telephone operators in Nigeria using the four (4) core GSM networks i.e. MTN, ETISALAT, AIRTEL and GLO as case study. A Drive test report is conducted within Canaan land with the help of the (Network Signal Info Professional) application which would be used to make proposals on how network operators can Improve radio resources as well as provide the requisite QoS (Quality of Service) to subscribers within the Canaan land environs to subscribers within the Canaan land environs. This study would help Network Operators to improve quality, ensure improved network coverage and increase capacity in future. [2

Received Signal Strength Measurement: Suboptimal Handing-over

Reception of good quality GSM signal in any area depends on a number of factors-Received Signal Strength (RSSI), the number of TRXs in the cell sites, the quality and type of hand-overs, the call traffic in a cell etc. The impact of these factors has a direct effect on the user experience, the image and patronage of the operator, penalties from regulator etc. In many parts of the world where GSM services are operated, some of the most annoying phenomena include call setup blocking, call drops, inability to initiate calls, low signal level on the user’s mobile. In this paper, Received Signal Strength (RSSI) levels of BTS cells from different Network Operators are measured to determine the level and quality of Received Signals, the ‘dead’ spots around Covenant University environment, to determine the signal strength distribution, and perform a side by side comparison of the signal strength (quality) from these Operators. There are many methods for measuring Received signal strength of GSM/LTE networks, and this include the use of Ericsson TEMS suite software and phone, using signal meters, using Spectrum Analyzers- all these methods have their draw-backs and advantages. In this paper, we have chosen to measure the Received Signal Strength using a Smart Android phone with installed software (KAI BIT Software) for measuring the Received Signal Strength from cell sites and their locations, Cell IDs and Location Area Code (LAC

Nigeria’s Power Generation: Analyzing the Cost Implication of Poor Generation on the Running Cost of Telecom Business in Nigeria

As we advance in the 21st century the major task is to develop our telecommunications as a way to liberate our people economically. Telecommunications is the frame of the evolving information society worldwide, Electricity is very important in our day to day activities such as powering our homes, schools, hospitals, offices, businesses, and it also advances industrialization. Electricity market is an area that always continues to attract an international attention and is a top agenda on the list of all governments worldwide. One of the major challenges to the advancement and stability of telecommunication in Nigeria is the issue of poor power generation. Despite the fact that telecommunication industries in Nigeria have recorded progress and stability, Nigeria’s power generation is still facing many problems ranging from slow growth in generation capacity to damage of electrical transmission lines and distribution equipment, poor maintenance of existing electrical equipment and corruption. The growth and expansion of telecommunication industries in a nation depends on the power generation. The telecommunication network will be put to maximum use if the nation has a very reliable and stable power supply, but on the other hand, if the power supply is poor, the telecommunication network is affected. That is why this paper takes a look at the poor generation in Nigeria, and how it has affected the operation of the telecommunication industries and the effect it has on telecommunication in Nigeri

Design and Implementation of a Dual Band Mobile Phone Jammer

The incessant use of mobile phones can be attributed to its portability and thus have become one of the most widely used devices in mobile communication which makes it so essential in our lives. The convenience and portability of mobile phones has made it possible to be carried everywhere, e.g. Churches, lecture halls, medical centers etc. Its convenience can create inconvenience in some places when there is continuous beeping or ringtones of cell phones which becomes annoying when such noise is disruptive in areas where silence is required or the use or of mobile phone is restricted or prohibited like Libraries and Study room This paper focuses on the design of a cell phone jammer to prevent the usage of mobile communication in restricted areas without interfering with the communication channels outside its range. Interference and jamming severely disrupt the ability to communicate by decreasing the effective signal-to-noise ratio and by making parameter estimation difficult at the receiver. Interference and jamming severely disrupt our ability to communicate by decreasing the effective signal-to-noise ratio and by making parameter estimation difficult at the receiver[5] Similarly with other radio jamming techniques, mobile phone jammer sends the signal (jamming signal) of the same frequency that mobile network use. This causes enough interference with the communication between mobile phones and communicating towers to render the phones unusable. Upon activating mobile jammers, all mobile phones will indicate "NO NETWORK