El estrés en los conductores profesionales, detección y prevención

Los factores psicosociales en el mundo laboral son susceptibles de provocar daños en la salud de los trabajadores. Las consecuencias nocivas pueden ser diversas; estrés laboral, burnout, mobbing, acoso sexual y otras patologías. Existen profesiones con mayor nivel de estrés que otras, dependiendo de los recursos exigidos a los trabajadores y los conductores profesionales presentan unos niveles dignos de estudio. Una detección a tiempo, proporciona una reducción considerable de los agentes estresores. El presente análisis es una muestra de ello, y de cómo una adecuada evaluación y prevención de riesgos en las organizaciones puede afrontar los efectos no deseables en los trabajadores y en este caso en los conductores profesionales, a través de una intervención de la psicosociología que empieza a ser una realidad

Take Action and Innovate! Mediated and Moderated Impact of Psychological Capital on the Innovative Work Behavior

Compendi d'articles. Cotutela.Innovative work behavior (IWB) must produce some benefit to the organization from new and/or improved processes, products or services. According to the scientific literature, the factors that drive IWB at the individual level would be a combination of factors internal and external to the employee, and this doctoral research attempts to increase this knowledge. Thus, psychological capital (PsyCap) is studied as a factor that favors the employee's IWB. A systematic review of the literature was carried out and the mediating or moderating role of the variables in this relationship was studied; autonomous motivation, work commitment, consideration of future consequences, participative leadership and work autonomy. Finally, an online intervention was conducted to develop employees' PsyCap and IWB. The results obtained provide empirical evidence on the factors that enhance the employee's IWB. Finally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed, as well as suggestions for future studies and limitations of this doctoral thesis.Programa de Doctorat en Psicologi

Un recorrido hacia la Psicología Positiva y el cambio organizacional

Treball Final de Màster Universitari en Psicologia del Treball, de les Organitzacions i en Recursos Humans. Codi: SBE513. Curs acadèmic: 2016/2017.El trabajo final de máster supone el broche final a unos estudios en los que el alumnado ha invertido esfuerzo, tiempo, sudor, empeño y en ciertas personas pasión por un área de conocimiento como es la psicología organizacional, que poco a poco va impregnando la vetusta gestión de personas y modelando un futuro prometedor para el mundo del trabajo. El presente Máster en Psicología del Trabajo, de las Organizaciones y en Recursos Humanos tiene como objetivo principal preparar y dotar al alumnado de conocimientos y herramientas para actuar como profesionales en el ámbito de la salud ocupacional. El presente trabajo se divide en una serie de apartados temporales en los que se hace un recorrido y análisis a través de las competencias iniciales y adquiridas a lo largo del cursado del máster. A su vez se establece una valoración de cada una de ellas, dependiendo del interés propio o la falta de materia en cada disciplina estudiada. Todo ello para mejorar una formación de profesionales que hagan del futuro del trabajo y la salud organizacional, una actividad en la que no solo se traten de evitar riesgos sino proporcionar herramientas para que a partir de él, las personas sientan pasión por su trabajo y doten a la vida de significado.Final Master's Work is the perfect ending to a course in which students have invested time and effort, commitment and enthusiasm for an area of knowledge such a as Organizational Psychology which is changing slowly but steadily the current human resources management and shaping a brighter future in the working world. The main goal of this Master's Degree in Psychology of Work, Organizations and Human Resources is to train students and provide them with the required knowledge and tools to become professionals within the workplace health area. This study is divided into parts based on the analysis of the initial competences and the acquired skills throughout the course. Likewise, rating each one depending on the self-interest or the lack of workload of each subject studied to enhance the professional training in order to turn this activity into a powerful tool, not only to prevent risks, but to provide work resources to make people far more involved and engaged with their work, as well as to give a new value and meaning to life

Psychological capital, autonomous motivation and innovative behavior: a study aimed at employees in social networks

The present study investigates the relationship between positive psychological capital (PsyCap) and innovative work behavior (IWB), as mediated by autonomous motivation and participative leadership moderation. The study was conducted on a sample of 246 employees from various public and private organizations, recruited through different social networks. The moderated mediation analysis provided evidence about the impact of employees’ PsyCap on their innovative behavior at work. This behavior will be higher when individual factors (PsyCap) and social factors (participative leadership) interact with one of the most self-determined forms of motivation. Our findings highlight the importance of the individual’s positive psychological capital in activating the resources and motivation, necessary to develop innovative behavior in employees, thus achieving organizational success in today’s dynamic and competitive business environment. The results also confirmed the moderating effect of participative leadership on the relationship between autonomous motivation and innovative behavior of employees, supporting that the relationship will be stronger when participative leadership is higher. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, as well as limitations and suggestions for future studies

Implicit interaction design for pervasive workflows

The automatic identification capabilities of mobile devices enable the use of implicit interactions to connect the physical world with digital services. For example, users can be provided with information and services just by approaching to them or pointing to them with a mobile device. This kind of interactions can improve business processes by reducing the gap between physical and digital spaces. This work presents Parkour, a design method for workflows that make use of implicit interactions. Parkour allows designers to indicate how implicit interactions can be orchestrated to support a workflow. Furthermore, reconfiguration techniques have been applied to adapt at run-time the degree in which these interactions intrude the user's mind. Tool support has been developed to automate the validation of the workflow models and support the system reconfiguration. Finally, the proposal has been applied in the development of several workflows. © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2011.This work has been developed with the support of MICINN under the project EVERYWARE (TIN2010-18011).Giner Blasco, P.; Cetina Englada, C.; Fons Cors, JJ.; Pelechano Ferragud, V. (2011). Implicit interaction design for pervasive workflows. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing. 15(4):399-408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-010-0360-2S399408154Cetina C, Giner P, Fons J, Pelechano V (2009) Autonomic computing through reuse of variability models at runtime: the case of smart homes. Computer 42(10):37–43Chakraborty D, Lei H (2004) Pervasive enablement of business processes. In: PerCom’04, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, p 87Chavira G, Bravo J, Nava-Díaz S, Rolón J (2010) Pictac: a model for perceiving touch interaction through tagging context. JUCS 16(12):1577–1591den Bergh JV, Coninx K (2005) Towards modeling context-sensitive interactive applications: the context-sensitive user interface profile (CUP). In: SoftVis’05. ACM Press, New York, pp 87–94Giner P, Cetina C, Fons J, Pelechano V (2010) Developing mobile workflow support in the internet of things. IEEE Pervasive Comput 9(2):18–26Horvitz E, Kadie C, Paek T, Hovel D (2003) Models of attention in computing and communication: from principles to applications. Commun ACM 46(3):52–59Ju W, Leifer L (2008) The design of implicit interactions: making interactive systems less obnoxious. Des Issues 24(3):72–84Rukzio E, Leichtenstern K, Callaghan V (2006) An experimental comparison of physical mobile interaction techniques: Touching, pointing and scanning. In: 8th International Conference on Ubiquitous. Computing, UbiComp 2006. Orange County, CaliforniaUrbanski S, Huber E, Wieland M, Leymann F, Nicklas D (2009) Perflows for the computers of the 21st century. Percom’09 0:1–6Vastenburg MH, Keyson DV, de Ridder H (2008) Considerate home notification systems: a field study of acceptability of notifications in the home. Pers Ubiquitous Comput 12(8):555–566Vuolle M, Tiainen M, Kallio T, Vainio T, Kulju M, Wigelius H (2008) Developing a questionnaire for measuring mobile business service experience. In: MobileHCI’08. ACM, New York, pp 53–62Weiser M (1991) The computer for the 21st century. Sci Am 265(3):66–7

Quorum sensing network in clinical strains of A. baumannii : AidA is a new quorum quenching enzyme

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important pathogen that causes nosocomial infections generally associated with high mortality and morbidity in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Currently, little is known about the Quorum Sensing (QS)/Quorum Quenching (QQ) systems of this pathogen. We analyzed these mechanisms in seven clinical isolates of A. baumannii. Microarray analysis of one of these clinical isolates, Ab1 (A. baumannii ST-2-clon-2010), previously cultured in the presence of 3-oxo-C12-HSL (a QS signalling molecule) revealed a putative QQ enzyme (α/β hydrolase gene, AidA). This QQ enzyme was present in all nonmotile clinical isolates (67% of which were isolated from the respiratory tract) cultured in nutrient depleted LB medium. Interestingly, this gene was not located in the genome of the only motile clinical strain growing in this medium (A. baumannii strain Ab421-GEIH-2010 [Ab7], isolated from a blood sample). The AidA protein expressed in E. coli showed QQ activity. Finally, we observed downregulation of the AidA protein (QQ system attenuation) in the presence of HO (ROS stress). In conclusion, most of the A. baumannii clinical strains were not surface motile (84%) and were of respiratory origin (67%). Only the pilT gene was involved in surface motility and related to the QS system. Finally, a new QQ enzyme (α/β hydrolase gene, AidA protein) was detected in these strains

Phenotype, treatment practice and outcome in the cobalamin-dependent remethylation disorders and MTHFR deficiency: Data from the E-HOD registry

Aim: To explore the clinical presentation, course, treatment and impact of early treatment in patients with remethylation disorders from the European Network and Registry for Homocystinurias and Methylation Defects (E-HOD) international web-based registry. Results: This review comprises 238 patients (cobalamin C defect n = 161; methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency n = 50; cobalamin G defect n = 11; cobalamin E defect n = 10; cobalamin D defect n = 5; and cobalamin J defect n = 1) from 47 centres for whom the E-HOD registry includes, as a minimum, data on medical history and enrolment visit. The duration of observation was 127 patient years. In 181 clinically diagnosed patients, the median age at presentation was 30 days (range 1 day to 42 years) and the median age at diagnosis was 3.7 months (range 3 days to 56 years). Seventy-five percent of pre-clinically diagnosed patients with cobalamin C disease became symptomatic within the first 15 days of life. Total homocysteine (tHcy), amino acids and urinary methylmalonic acid were the most frequently assessed disease markers; confirmatory diagnostics were mainly molecular genetic studies. Remethylation disorders are multisystem diseases dominated by neurological and eye disease and failure to thrive. In this cohort, mortality, thromboembolic, psychiatric and renal disease were rarer than reported elsewhere. Early treatment correlates with lower overall morbidity but is less effective in preventing eye disease and cognitive impairment. The wide variation in treatment hampers the evaluation of particular therapeutic modalities. Conclusion: Treatment improves the clinical course of remethylation disorders and reduces morbidity, especially if started early, but neurocognitive and eye symptoms are less responsive. Current treatment is highly variable. This study has the inevitable limitations of a retrospective, registry-based design

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis.

The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327  There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in th