1,468 research outputs found
Nutritional impact on health and performance in intensively reared rabbits
The present work summarizes research related to the definition of nutrient recommendations for feeds used in the intensive production of rabbit's meat. Fibre is the main chemical constituent of rabbit diets that typically contain 320 to 360 and 50 to 90 g/kg of insoluble and soluble fibre, respectively. Instead, the dietary contents of cereal grains (∼120 to 160 g/kg), fat (15 to 25 g/kg) and protein concentrates (150 to 180 g/kg) are usually low with respect to other intensively reared monogastric animals. Cell wall constituents are not well digested in rabbits, but this effect is compensated by its stimulus of gut motility, which leads to an increasing rate of passage of digesta, and allows achieving an elevated dry matter intake. A high feed consumption and an adequate balance in essential nutrients are required to sustain the elevated needs of high-productive rabbits measured either as reproductive yield, milk production or growth rate in the fattening period. Around weaning, pathologies occur in a context of incomplete development of the digestive physiology of young rabbits. The supply of balanced diets has also been related to the prevention of disorders by means of three mechanisms: (i) promoting a lower retention time of the digesta in the digestive tract through feeding fibre sources with optimal chemical and physical characteristics, (ii) restricting feed intake after weaning or (iii) causing a lower flow of easily available substrates into the fermentative area by modifying feed composition (e.g. by lowering protein and starch contents, increasing its digestibility or partially substituting insoluble with soluble fibre), or by delaying age at weaning. The alteration in the gut microbiota composition has been postulated as the possible primary cause of these pathologies
Convective heat transfer control in turbulent boundary layers
Mención Internacional en el título de doctorThe sustainable development of our society opens up concerns in several fields of engineering,
including energy management, production, and the impact of our technology, being thermal
management a common issue to be addressed. The investigation reported in this manuscript
focuses on understanding, controlling and optimizing the physical processes involving
convective heat transfer in turbulent wall-bounded flows. The content is divided into two
main blocks, namely the investigation of classic open-loop active-control techniques to
control heat transfer, and the technological development of machine-learning strategies to
enhance the performance of flow control in the field of convective heat transfer.
The first block focuses on actuator technology, applying dielectric-barrier discharge
(DBD) plasma actuators and a pulsed slot jet in crossflow (JICF), respectively, to control
the convective heat transfer in a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) over a flat plate. In the
former, an array of DBD plasma actuators is employed to induce pairs of counter-rotating,
streamwise-aligned vortices embedded in the TBL to reduce heat transfer downstream of the
actuation. The whole three-dimensional mean flow field downstream of the plasma actuator
is reconstructed from stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (PIV). Infrared thermography
(IR) measurements coupled with a heated thin foil provide ensemble-averaged convective
heat transfer distributions downstream of the actuators. The combination of the flow
field and heat transfer measurements provides a complete picture of the fluid-dynamic
interaction of plasma-induced flow with local turbulent transport effects. The plasmainduced
streamwise vortices are stationary and confined across the spanwise direction due
to the action of the plasma discharge. The opposing plasma discharge causes a mass- and
momentum-flux deficit within the boundary layer, leading to a low-velocity region that
grows in the streamwise direction and which is characterised by an increase in displacement
and momentum thicknesses. This low-velocity ribbon travels downstream, promoting
streak-alike patterns of reduction in the convective heat transfer distribution. Near the wall,
the plasma-induced jets divert the main flow due to the DBD-actuator momentum injection
and the suction on the surrounding fluid by the emerging jets. The stationarity of the
plasma-induced vortices makes them persistent far downstream, reducing the convective
heat transfer.
Conversely, the target of the second paper in this first block is to enhance convective
heat transfer rather than reduce it. A fully modulated, pulsed, slot JICF is used to perturb
the TBL. The slot-jet actuator, flush-mounted and aligned in the spanwise direction, is
controlled based on two design parameters, namely the duty cycle (DC) and the pulsation
frequency (f). Heat transfer and flow-field measurements are performed to characterise the
control performance using IR thermography and planar PIV, respectively. A parametric
study on f and DC is carried out to assess their effect on the heat transfer distribution.
The vorticity fields are reconstructed from the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD)
modes, retrieving phase information. The flow topology is considerably altered by the
jet pulsation, even compared to the case of a steady jet. The results show that both the jet penetration in the streamwise direction and the overall Nusselt number increase with
increasing DC. However, the frequency at which the Nusselt number is maximised is
independent of the duty cycle. A wall-attached jet rises from the slot accompanied by a
pair of counter-rotating vortices that promote flow entrainment and mixing. Eventually,
a simplified model is proposed which decouples the effect of f and DC in the overall
heat transfer enhancement, with a good agreement with experimental data. The cost of
actuation is also quantified in terms of the amount of injected fluid during the actuation,
leading to conclude that the lowest duty cycle is the most efficient for heat transfer
enhancement among the tested set.
The second block of the thesis splits into a comparative assessment of machine
learning (ML) methods for active feedback flow control and an application of linear genetic
algorithms to an experimental convective heat transfer enhancement problem. First,
the comparative study is carried out numerically based on a well-established benchmark
problem, the drag reduction of a two-dimensional Kármán vortex street past a circular
cylinder at a low Reynolds number (Re = 100). The flow is manipulated with two
blowing/suction actuators on the upper and lower side of a cylinder. The feedback employs
several velocity sensors. Two probe configurations are evaluated: 5 and 11 velocity probes
located at different points around the cylinder and in the wake. The control laws are
optimized with Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) and Linear Genetic Programming
Control (LGPC). Both methods successfully stabilize the vortex alley and effectively
reduce drag while using small mass flow rates for the actuation. DRL features higher
robustness with respect to variable initial conditions and noise contamination of the sensor
data; on the other hand, LGPC can identify compact and interpretable control laws, which
only use a subset of sensors, thus allowing reducing the system complexity with reasonably
good results.
The gained experience and knowledge of machine-learning methods motivated the
last study enclosed in this thesis, which utilises linear genetic algorithm control (LGAC)
to identify the best actuation parameters in an experimental application. The actuator
is a set of six slot jets in crossflow aligned with the freestream. An open-loop optimal
periodic forcing is defined by the carrier frequency (f), the duty cycle (DC) and the phase
between actuators (ϕ) as control parameters. The control laws are optimised with respect
to the unperturbed TBL and the steady-jet actuation. The cost function includes wall
convective heat transfer and the cost of the actuation, thus leading to a multi-objective
optimisation problem. Surprisingly, the LGAC algorithm converges to the same frequency
and duty cycle for all the actuators. This frequency is equivalent to the optimal frequency
reported in the second study of the first block of this thesis. The performance of the
controller is characterised by IR thermography and PIV measurements. The action of the
jets considerably alters the flow topology compared to the steady-jet actuation, yielding
a slightly asymmetric flow field. The phase difference between multiple jet actuation
has shown to be very relevant and the main driver of flow asymmetry. A POD analysis
concludes the shedding phenomena characterising the steady-jet actuation, while the
optimised controller exhibits an elongated large-scale structure just downstream of the
actuator.
The investigation carried out in this thesis sheds some light on the application of
different flow control strategies to the field of convective heat transfer. From the utilisation
of plasma actuators and a single jet in cross flow to the development of sophisticated
control logic, the results point to the exceptional potential of machine learning control in unravelling unexplored controllers within the actuation space. Ultimately, this work
demonstrates the viability of employing sophisticated measurement techniques together
with advanced algorithms in an experimental investigation, paving the way towards more
complex applications involving feedback information.El desarrollo sostenible de nuestra sociedad abre preocupaciones en varios campos de
la ingeniería, incluyendo la gestión de la energía, la producción y el impacto de nuestra
tecnología, siendo la gestión térmica un tema común a tratar. La investigación que se
presenta en este manuscrito se centra en la comprensión, el control y la optimización
de los procesos físicos que implican la transferencia de calor por convección en flujos
turbulentos de pared. El contenido se divide en dos bloques principales: la investigación
de las técnicas clásicas de control activo de lazo abierto para controlar la transferencia de
calor, y el desarrollo tecnológico de estrategias de aprendizaje automático para mejorar el
rendimiento del control del flujo en el campo de la transferencia de calor por convección.
El primer bloque se centra en la tecnología de los actuadores, aplicando actuadores de
plasma de descarga de barrera dieléctrica (dielectric barrier dicharge, DBD) y un chorro
con forma de ranura pulsado en flujo cruzado (jet in crossflow, JICF), respectivamente,
para controlar la transferencia de calor por convección en una capa límite turbulenta
(turbulent boundary layer, TBL) sobre una placa plana. En el primero, se emplea un
conjunto de actuadores de plasma DBD para inducir pares de vórtices contra-rotativos,
alineados con la corriente e incrustados en la TBL para reducir la transferencia de calor
aguas abajo de la actuación. El campo de flujo medio tridimensional completo aguas abajo
del actuador de plasma se reconstruye a partir de la velocimetría de imagen de partículas
estereoscópica (particle image velocimetry, PIV). Las mediciones de termografía infrarroja
(IR) junto a una fina lámina calentada proporcionan distribuciones de transferencia de calor
convectiva promediadas aguas abajo de los actuadores. La combinación de las mediciones
del campo de flujo y de la transferencia de calor proporciona una imagen completa de
la interacción fluido-dinámica del flujo inducido por el plasma con los efectos locales de
transporte turbulento. Los vórtices en el sentido de la corriente inducidos por plasma
son estacionarios y están confinados transversalmente debido a la acción de la descarga
de plasma. La descarga de plasma en oposición causa un déficit de flujo de masa y de
momento dentro de la capa límite, lo que conduce a una región de baja velocidad que
crece en la dirección de la corriente y que se caracteriza por un aumento de los espesores
de desplazamiento y de momento. Esta zona de baja velocidad se desplaza corriente abajo,
promoviendo patrones de reducción similares a rayas en los que se reduce la transferencia
de calor por convección. Cerca de la pared, los chorros inducidos por el plasma desvían el
flujo principal debido a la inyección de momento del actuador DBD y a la succión sobre el
fluido circundante por parte de los chorros emergentes. La estacionariedad de los vórtices
inducidos por el plasma los hace persistentes aguas abajo, reduciendo la transferencia de
calor por convección.
Por el contrario, el objetivo del segundo trabajo de este primer bloque es mejorar la
transferencia de calor por convección en lugar de reducirla. Se utiliza un JICF, pulsado
y con forma de ranura, totalmente modulado para perturbar la TBL. El actuador de chorro, montado a ras y alineado en la dirección transversal, se controla en base a dos
parámetros de diseño, a saber, el ciclo de trabajo (DC) y la frecuencia de pulsación (f).
Se realizan mediciones de la transferencia de calor y del campo de flujo para caracterizar
el rendimiento del control mediante termografía IR y PIV planar, respectivamente. Se
lleva a cabo un estudio paramétrico de f y DC para evaluar su efecto en la distribución de
la transferencia de calor. Los campos de vorticidad se reconstruyen a partir de los modos
de descomposición ortogonal adecuada (POD), recuperando la información de fase. La
topología del flujo se ve considerablemente alterada por la pulsación del chorro, incluso
en comparación con el caso de un chorro estacionario. Los resultados muestran que tanto
la penetración del chorro en la dirección de la corriente como el número Nusselt global
aumentan con el incremento de DC. Sin embargo, la frecuencia a la que se maximiza el
número Nusselt es independiente del ciclo de trabajo. Un chorro adherido a la pared sale
de la ranura acompañado de un par de vórtices contrarrotantes que promueven el arrastre
y la mezcla del flujo. Finalmente, se propone un modelo simplificado que desacopla el
efecto de f y DC en la mejora global de la transferencia de calor, con un buen acuerdo
con los datos experimentales. También se cuantifica el coste de la actuación en términos
de la cantidad de fluido inyectado durante la actuación, llegando a la conclusión de que el
ciclo de trabajo más bajo es el más eficiente para la mejora de la transferencia de calor
entre el conjunto probado.
El segundo bloque de la tesis se divide en una evaluación comparativa de los métodos
de aprendizaje automático (machine learning, ML) para el control activo del flujo
por retroalimentación y una aplicación de algoritmos genéticos lineales a un problema
experimental de mejora de la transferencia de calor por convección. En primer lugar, el
estudio comparativo se realiza numéricamente a partir de un problema de referencia bien
establecido: la reducción de la resistencia aerodinámica de una calle de vórtices de Kármán
bidimensional tras un cilindro circular a un número de Reynolds bajo (Re = 100). El
flujo se manipula con dos actuadores de soplado/succión en la parte superior e inferior
de un cilindro. La retroalimentación emplea varios sensores de velocidad. Se evalúan
dos configuraciones de sondas: 5 y 11 sondas de velocidad situadas en diferentes puntos
alrededor del cilindro y en la estela. Las leyes de control se optimizan con el aprendizaje
profundo por refuerzo (Deep Reinforcement Learning, DRL) y el control por programación
genética lineal (Linear Genetic Programming Control, LGPC). Ambos métodos estabilizan
con éxito la calle de vórtices y reducen de manera efectiva la resistencia al tiempo que
usan caudales másicos pequeños para la actuación. El DRL se caracteriza por una mayor
robustez con respecto a la variación de la condición inicial y a la contaminación por ruido
de los datos de los sensores; por otro lado, el LGPC puede identificar leyes de control
compactas e interpretables, que sólo utilizan un subconjunto de sensores, lo que permite
reducir la complejidad del sistema con resultados razonablemente buenos.
La experiencia adquirida y el conocimiento de los métodos de aprendizaje automático
motivaron el último estudio incluido en esta tesis, que utiliza el control por algoritmo
genético lineal (Linear Genetic Algorithm Control, LGAC) para identificar los mejores
parámetros de actuación en una aplicación experimental. El actuador es un conjunto de
seis chorros con forma de ranura en flujo cruzado y alineados con la corriente principal.
Se define una ley de forzado periódica en lazo abierto mediante la frecuencia portadora
(f), el ciclo de trabajo (DC) y la fase entre actuadores (ϕ) como parámetros de control.
Las leyes de control se optimizan con respecto a la TBL no perturbada y la actuación
de chorro constante. La función de coste incluye la transferencia de calor por convección de la pared y el coste de la actuación, lo que da lugar a un problema de optimización
multiobjetivo. Sorprendentemente, el algoritmo LGAC converge a la misma frecuencia y
ciclo de trabajo para todos los actuadores. Esta frecuencia es equivalente a la frecuencia
óptima reportada en el segundo estudio del primer bloque de esta tesis. El rendimiento
del controlador se caracteriza mediante termografía IR y mediciones PIV. La acción de los
chorros altera considerablemente la topología del flujo en comparación con la actuación
de los chorros constantes, dando lugar a un campo de flujo ligeramente asimétrico. La
diferencia de fase entre la actuación de múltiples chorros ha demostrado ser muy relevante
y el principal impulsor de la asimetría del flujo. Un análisis POD concluye los fenómenos
de desprendimiento de vórtices que caracterizan la actuación de chorro constante, mientras
que el controlador optimizado muestra una estructura alargada a gran escala justo aguas
abajo del actuador.
La investigación llevada a cabo en esta tesis arroja algo de luz sobre la aplicación
de diferentes estrategias de control de flujo en el campo de la transferencia de calor por
convección. Desde la utilización de actuadores de plasma y un único chorro en flujo cruzado
hasta el desarrollo de una sofisticada lógica de control, los resultados apuntan al excepcional
potencial del control por aprendizaje automático para desentrañar controladores
inexplorados dentro del espacio de actuación. En última instancia, este trabajo demuestra
la viabilidad de emplear sofisticadas técnicas de medición junto con algoritmos avanzados
en una investigación experimental, allanando el camino hacia aplicaciones más complejas
que implican información de retroalimentación.The work enclosed in this thesis has been partially supported by the Universidad Carlos
III de Madrid through a PIPF scholarship awarded on a competitive basis, and by the
following research projects: ARTURO (Active contRol of Turbulence for sUstainable aiRcraft
propulsiOn), ref. PID2019-109717RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, funded by
the Spanish State Research Agency (SRA); the 2020 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and
Cultural Creators AEROMATIC (Active flow control of aerodynamic flows with machine
learning), funded by the BBVA Foundation with grant number IN[20]_ING_ING_0163;
and GloWing Starting Grant, funded by the European Research Council (ERC), under
grant agreement ERC-2018.StG-803082.Programa de Doctorado en Mecánica de Fluidos por la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; la Universidad de Jaén; la Universidad de Zaragoza; la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia; la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y la Universidad Rovira i VirgiliPresidente: Octavio Armas Vergel.- Secretario: Manuel García-Villalba Navaridas.- Vocal: Gioacchino Cafier
Dilaciones indebidas y duración de los procesos en el Consejo de Europa y el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos: del tiempo razonable al tiempo óptimo y previsible
Non-linear dynamic analysis of the response of moored floating structures
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. The complexity of the dynamic response of offshore marine structures requires advanced simulations tools for the accurate assessment of the seakeeping behaviour of these devices. The aim of this work is to present a new time-domain model for solving the dynamics of moored floating marine devices, specifically offshore wind turbines, subjected to non-linear environmental loads. The paper first introduces the formulation of the second-order wave radiation-diffraction solver, designed for calculating the wave-floater interaction. Then, the solver of the mooring dynamics, based on a non-linear Finite Element Method (FEM) approach, is presented. Next, the procedure developed for coupling the floater dynamics model with the mooring model is described. Some validation examples of the developed models, and comparisons among different mooring approaches, are presented. Finally, a study of the OC3 floating wind turbine concept is performed to analyze the influence of the mooring model in the dynamics of the platform and the tension in the mooring lines. The work comes to the conclusion that the coupling of a dynamic mooring model along with a second-order wave radiation-diffraction solver can offer realistic predictions of the floating wind turbine performance.Postprint (published version
Avoidance Response in Goldfish: Emotional and Temporal Involvement of Medial and Lateral Telencephalic Pallium
The hippocampus and the amygdala are involved in avoidance learning in mammals. The medial and lateral pallia of actinopterygian fish have been proposed as homologous to the mammalian pallial amygdala and hippocampus, respectively, on the basis of neuroanatomical findings. This work was aimed at studying the effects of ablation of the medial telencephalic pallia (MP) and lateral telencephalic pallia (LP) in goldfish on the retention of a conditioned avoidance response previously acquired in two experimental conditions. In the first experiment, fish were trained in nontrace avoidance conditioning. In the second experiment, fish were trained in trace avoidance conditioning in which temporal cues were crucial for the learning process. An MP lesion affected the retention of the avoidance response in both procedures; in contrast, an LP lesion impaired the retention only in the trace-conditioning procedure. These data support the presence of two different systems of memory in fish, based on discrete telencephalic areas: the MP, involved in an emotional memory system; and the LP, involved in a spatial, relational, or temporal memory system. Moreover, these differential effects were similar to those produced by amygdalar and hippocampal lesions in mammals. We conclude that these specialized systems of memory could have appeared early during phylogenesis and could have been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología BF-I2001-3178Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología I2000-0315Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología I2003-0029Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología PB-96-1334Junta de Andalucía CVI-24
Proceedings of the First PhD Symposium on Sustainable Ultrascale Computing Systems (NESUS PhD 2016)
Proceedings of the First PhD Symposium on Sustainable Ultrascale Computing Systems (NESUS PhD 2016) Timisoara, Romania. February 8-11, 2016.The PhD Symposium was a very good opportunity for the young researchers to share information and knowledge, to
present their current research, and to discuss topics with other students in order to look for synergies and common research
topics. The idea was very successful and the assessment made by the PhD Student was very good. It also helped to
achieve one of the major goals of the NESUS Action: to establish an open European research network targeting sustainable
solutions for ultrascale computing aiming at cross fertilization among HPC, large scale distributed systems, and big
data management, training, contributing to glue disparate researchers working across different areas and provide a meeting
ground for researchers in these separate areas to exchange ideas, to identify synergies, and to pursue common activities in
research topics such as sustainable software solutions (applications and system software stack), data management, energy
efficiency, and resilience.European Cooperation in Science and Technology. COS
The social engagement of university practice: training the university volunteer in learning communities schools
En la sociedad actual la participación, desde el voluntariado en programas de acción social, es considerada como un valor fortalecedor de las sociedades democráticas, y para el alumnado universitario una oportunidad de complementar su formación profesionalizadora compartiendo experiencias significativas en diversos ámbitos de intervención social.
Desde el año 2011, la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Córdoba ha estado colaborando con los centros que han iniciado su transformación en Comunidades de Aprendizaje a través de distintas actuaciones, entre las cuales se sitúa la participación de voluntariado universitario en el proyecto. Esta participación supone un compromiso del alumnado en la puesta en marcha de actuaciones educativas de éxito (AEE) y en la participación en las diferentes comisiones del centro, asistiendo al colegio durante el curso académico y, paralelamente, recibiendo formación sobre las bases científicas de este proyecto.
El objetivo de esta comunicación es describir la experiencia de formación del voluntariado universitario en Comunidades de Aprendizaje, realizada a través de dos actividades: Seminario de Iniciación al Voluntariado en Comunidades de Aprendizaje y Seminario de Tertulias Pedagógicas Dialógicas.
Estos seminarios pretenden ofrecer al alumnado de grado de las diversas titulaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación la oportunidad de participar en experiencias educativas innovadoras que están reconocidas por la Comisión Europea como programas superadores de la exclusión social, como es el caso de las Comunidades de Aprendizaje (INCLUD-ED Consortium, 2006-2011) a la vez que participan durante el curso académico en las prácticas que realizan como voluntarios y voluntarias en las escuelas Comunidades de Aprendizaje de Córdoba.
Finalmente, aportamos conclusiones basadas en el análisis de los datos obtenidos en distintos momentos del proceso.In modern societies , participation in volunteer social action is considered as a strengthening factor of democratic societies. For university students is an opportunity to complete their training by sharing meaningful experiences in various areas of social intervention.
Since 2011, the Faculty of Education at the University of Cordoba has been working with schools that have begun their transformation into learning communities through various activities , among which a university voluntary participation in the project schools. This participation is a commitment of the students in the implementation of educational strategies for success (ESS) and participation in the various committees of the center, attending school during the academic year and, in parallel, receiving training on the scientific basis of this project.
The aim of this paper is to describe the formation of the university experience volunteering in Learning Communities, conducted through two activities: Seminar Introduction to Volunteering Learning Communities and Educational Seminar Tertuliasdialogic .
These seminars offered to undergraduate students of various courses at the Faculty of Education the opportunity to participate in innovative educational experiences that are recognized by the European Commission as superseders programs of social exclusion, such as the Communities of Learning (INCLUD-ED Consortium, 2006-2011) while participating in the academic year in practices that perform as volunteers in schools learning Communities Córdoba.
Finally, we provide conclusions based on the analysis of data obtained at different monmentsin the process
Local Behavior of the First-Order Gradient Correction to the Thomas-Fermi Kinetic Energy Functional
The first order gradient correction to the Thomas-Fermi functional, proposed
by Haq, Chattaraj and Deb (Chem. Phys. Lett. vol. 81, 8031, 1984) has been
studied by evaluating both the total kinetic energy and the local kinetic
energy density. For testing the kinetic energy density we evaluate its
deviation from an exact result through a quality factor, a parameter that
reflects the quality of the functionals in a better way than their relative
errors. The study is performed on two different systems: light atoms (up to
Z=18) and a noninteracting model of fermions confined in a Coulombic-type
potential. It is found than this approximation gives very low relative errors
and a better local behavior than any of the usual generalized gradient
approximation semilocal kinetic density functionals.Comment: 7 pages, 2 tables, 4 figure
Recommendations and guidelines for applied nutrition experiments in rabbits
[EN] The aim of this paper was to draw up a set of recommendations for applied nutrition and feeding trials with rabbits, in relation to certain aspects such as determining the nutritive value of raw materials or diets in growing or reproducing animals, studying digestive physiology and obtaining growth and reproduction parameters. We deal first with animals, size of the sample, housing conditions, diets, handling, measurements, and the data analyses relevant to the design of the experiment are described. Secondly, we give a list of recommended items and include some comments.This study was partly supported by the EUROPEAN COMMISSION (ERAFE program and the COST 848 Action).Fernández-Carmona, J.; Blas, E.; Pascual Amorós, JJ.; Maertens, L.; Gidenne, T.; Xiccato, G.; García, J. (2005). Recommendations and guidelines for applied nutrition experiments in rabbits. World Rabbit Science. 13. doi:10.4995/wrs.2005.516SWORD1
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