276 research outputs found
Effect of two mouthwashes on salivary PH.
To analyze the effect of two mouthwashes on salivary pH and correlate it with age, buffer capacity and saliva flow rate in
healthy volunteers, a crossover phase IV clinical study involving three age-based groups was designed. Two commercial
mouthwashes (MW), Cool Mint Listerine® (MWa) and Periobacter ® (MWb) were used. The unstimulated saliva of each
individual was first characterized by measuring flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity. Salivary pH was evaluated before rinsing
with a given MW, immediately after rinsing, 5 minutes later, and then every 10 min (at 15, 25, 35 min) until the baseline pH
was recovered. Paired t-test, ANOVA with a randomized block design, and Pearson correlation tests were used.
Averages were 0.63 mL/min, 7.06, and 0.87 for flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity, respectively. An immediate significant increase in salivary pH was observed after rinsing, reaching average values of 7.24(MWb) and 7.30 (MWa), which declined to an almost stable value 15minutes. The great increase in salivary pH, after MW use shows that saliva is a dynamic system, and that the organism is capable of responding to a stimulus with changes in its composition. It is thus evident that pH of the external agent alone is not a good indicator for its erosive potential because biological systems tend to neutralize it. The results of
this study enhance the importance of in vivo measurements and reinforce the concept of the protective action of saliva.publishedVersio
Mortalidad por cáncer bucal en la provincia de Córdoba, República Argentina (período 1975-2000). Estudio comparativo con otras poblaciones.
A nivel mundial la mortalidad por neoplasias malignas (NM), figura entre las cuatro primeras causas de muerte en la
década del 90 (1-4). El objetivo del presente trabajo, es estudiar la tasa de mortalidad por las ocho NM más frecuentes
y especialmente por cáncer bucal (CB) en la provincia de Córdoba, República Argentina en el período 1975-2000, analizar
sus características y compararla con la de otras poblaciones de América y Europa. Material y Métodos: los datos
se obtuvieron del Ministerio de Salud de Córdoba y Argentina y de Globocan 2000. Resultados: en el sexo masculino
se observó que los países con más alta tasa fueron Eslovaquia y Francia, siendo los Tumores más prevalentes los de
pulmón y bronquios. En las mujeres el Reino Unido, Alemania y EEUU fueron los países con tasa más alta y el Tumor
más frecuente fue el de mama, excepto en EEUU donde el de pulmón lo antecede. En relación al CB en las poblaciones
estudiadas, Eslovaquia y Francia fueron los países con tasa más alta para ambos sexos, estando los valores de Córdoba y
Argentina entre los más bajos, especialmente en mujeres. En Córdoba la lengua fue el sitio más frecuente (43,5%), seguido
de glándulas salivales mayores (23,7%); predominó el sexo masculino y las edades promedio más altas se observaron en
el período 1995-2000. Al analizar el comportamiento de las tasas de mortalidad se destacó que las NM en ambos sexos
en Córdoba aumentaron el 6,6%, y la mortalidad por CB en mujeres se incrementó un 77% en el período estudiado.
El CB es un serio problema de salud pública que causa gran morbilidad y mortalidad no habiendo mejorado en décadas.
Las tasas de mortalidad son un instrumento importante para la diagramación de políticas y programas de salud
orientados a la prevención del cáncer.publishedVersio
Strong Phase Separation in a Model of Sedimenting Lattices
We study the steady state resulting from instabilities in crystals driven
through a dissipative medium, for instance, a colloidal crystal which is
steadily sedimenting through a viscous fluid. The problem involves two coupled
fields, the density and the tilt; the latter describes the orientation of the
mass tensor with respect to the driving field. We map the problem to a 1-d
lattice model with two coupled species of spins evolving through conserved
dynamics. In the steady state of this model each of the two species shows
macroscopic phase separation. This phase separation is robust and survives at
all temperatures or noise levels--- hence the term Strong Phase Separation.
This sort of phase separation can be understood in terms of barriers to
remixing which grow with system size and result in a logarithmically slow
approach to the steady state. In a particular symmetric limit, it is shown that
the condition of detailed balance holds with a Hamiltonian which has
infinite-ranged interactions, even though the initial model has only local
dynamics. The long-ranged character of the interactions is responsible for
phase separation, and for the fact that it persists at all temperatures.
Possible experimental tests of the phenomenon are discussed.Comment: To appear in Phys Rev E (1 January 2000), 16 pages, RevTex, uses
epsf, three ps figure
Tratamiento antifúngico tópico en pacientes con candidosis crónica bucal. Estudio comparativo.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del fenticonazol en el tratamiento tópico de las candidosis crónicas
bucales y compararlo con el del ketoconazol y la nistatina. Se incluyeron ochenta pacientes con candidosis crónica
eritematosa, de los cuales cincuenta y uno finalizaron la prueba. Fueron divididos en cuatro grupos a los cuales se les
administró: fenticonazol al 3%, fenticonazol al 2%, nistatina 100000 UI y ketoconazol al 2%, en orabase respectivamente.
Se los controló a los 7, 15, 30 y 45 días. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron estadísticamente con el ANAVA y los test de Kruskall Wallis y Wilcoxon. Se encontró una disminución de las lesiones altamente significativa en todos los grupos de pacientes (p≤ 0,0001). Se analizó el grado de remisión según la localización de las lesiones; se encontró que en todos los pacientes las localizadas en mucosa yugal y comisura alcanzaron la remisión total, mientras que las lesiones de lengua y paladar mostraron una disminución significativa de la intensidad de las mismas (p≤ 0,00001) con todos los tratamientos. El fenticonazol demostró ser tan efectivo como la nistatina y el ketoconazol en el tratamiento tópico de las candidosis orales.publishedVersio
Quantitative comparison of single- and two-particle properties in the cuprates
We explore the strong variations of the electronic properties of
copper-oxygen compounds across the doping phase diagram in a quantitative way.
To this end we calculate the electronic Raman response on the basis of results
from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). In the limits of our
approximations we find agreement on the overdoped side and pronounced
discrepancies at lower doping. In contrast to the successful approach for the
transport properties at low energies, the Raman and the ARPES data cannot be
reconciled by adding angle-dependent momentum scattering. We discuss possible
routes towards an explanation of the suppression of spectral weight close to
the points which sets in abruptly close to 21% doping.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
The Swiss Pathogen Surveillance Platform - towards a nation-wide One Health data exchange platform for bacterial, viral and fungal genomics and associated metadata.
The Swiss Pathogen Surveillance Platform (SPSP) is a shared secure surveillance platform between human and veterinary medicine, to also include environmental and foodborne isolates. It enables rapid and detailed transmission monitoring and outbreak surveillance of pathogens using whole genome sequencing data and associated metadata. It features controlled data access, complex dynamic queries, dedicated dashboards and automated data sharing with international repositories, providing actionable results for public health and the vision to improve societal well-being and health
Improved survival prediction and comparison of prognostic models for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib
Background: The ‘Prediction Of Survival in Advanced Sorafenib-treated HCC’ (PROSASH) model addressed the heterogeneous survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib in clinical trials but requires validation in daily clinical practice. This study aimed to validate, compare and optimize this model for survival prediction. Methods: Patients treated with sorafenib for HCC at five tertiary European centres were retrospectively staged according to the PROSASH model. In addition, the optimized PROSASH-II model was developed using the data of four centres (training set) and tested in an independent dataset. These models for overall survival (OS) were then compared with existing prognostic models. Results: The PROSASH model was validated in 445 patients, showing clear differences between the four risk groups (OS 16.9-4.6 months). A total of 920 patients (n = 615 in training set, n = 305 in validation set) were available to develop PROSASH-II. This optimized model incorporated fewer and less subjective parameters: the serum albumin, bilirubin and alpha-foetoprotein, and macrovascul
Flux norm approach to finite dimensional homogenization approximations with non-separated scales and high contrast
We consider divergence-form scalar elliptic equations and vectorial equations
for elasticity with rough (, )
coefficients that, in particular, model media with non-separated scales
and high contrast in material properties. We define the flux norm as the
norm of the potential part of the fluxes of solutions, which is equivalent to
the usual -norm. We show that in the flux norm, the error associated with
approximating, in a properly defined finite-dimensional space, the set of
solutions of the aforementioned PDEs with rough coefficients is equal to the
error associated with approximating the set of solutions of the same type of
PDEs with smooth coefficients in a standard space (e.g., piecewise polynomial).
We refer to this property as the {\it transfer property}.
A simple application of this property is the construction of finite
dimensional approximation spaces with errors independent of the regularity and
contrast of the coefficients and with optimal and explicit convergence rates.
This transfer property also provides an alternative to the global harmonic
change of coordinates for the homogenization of elliptic operators that can be
extended to elasticity equations. The proofs of these homogenization results
are based on a new class of elliptic inequalities which play the same role in
our approach as the div-curl lemma in classical homogenization.Comment: Accepted for publication in Archives for Rational Mechanics and
Analysi
Poor nutritional status is associated with other geriatric domain impairments and adverse postoperative outcomes in onco-geriatric surgical patients – a multicentre cohort study
Background: Nutritional status (NS), though frequently affected in onco-geriatric patients, is no standard
part of a geriatric assessment. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between a preoperatively
impaired NS and geriatric domain impairments and adverse postoperative outcomes in onco-geriatric surgical patients.
Methods: 309 patients ≥70 years undergoing surgery for solid tumours were prospectively recruited. Nine screening tools were preoperatively administered as part of a geriatric assessment. NS was based on BMI, weight loss and food intake. Odds ratio’s (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using logistic regression analysis. The occurrence of 30-day adverse postoperative outcomes was recorded.
Results: At a median age of 76 years, 107 patients (34.6%) had an impaired NS. Decreased performance
status and depression were associated with an impaired NS, when adjusted for tumour characteristics and comorbidities (ORPS>1 3.46; 95%CI 1.56-7.67. ORGDS>5 2.11; 95%CI 1.05-4.26). An impaired NS was an independent predictor for major complications (OR 3.3; 95%CI 1.6-6.8). Ten out of 11 patients who deceased had an impaired NS.
Conclusion: An impaired NS is prevalent in onco-geriatric patients considered to be fit for surgery. It is associated with decreased performance status and depression. An impaired NS is a predictor for adverse postoperative outcomes. NS should be incorporated in a geriatric assessment
Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating Decays of B Mesons
We have searched a sample of 9.6 million BB-bar events for the
lepton-flavor-violating decays B --> h e^{+-} mu^{-+}, B^+ --> h^- e^+ e^+, B^+
--> h^- e^+ mu^+, and B^+ --> h^- mu^+ mu^+, where h is pi, K, rho, and
K*(892), a total of sixteen modes. We find no evidence for these decays, and
place 90% confidence level upper limits on their branching fractions that range
from 1.0 to 8.3 X 10^{-6}.Comment: 8 pages postscript, also available through
http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, PRD R
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