COVID-19 ALTERANDO A COGNIÇÃO, A ANSIEDADE E O SONO DE ESTUDANTES: DE ENSINO MÉDIO TÉCNICO DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE ENSINO NO RIO DE JANEIRO

COVID-19 led to social distancing causing school closures and adolescents had to adapt to new safety standards, using networks as a means of communicating and acquiring knowledge Objective: to analyze the relationship between cognitive activity levels, sleep quality and anxiety symptoms of high school technical students of the Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: descriptive and correlational study, based on the answers of the sociodemografico questionnaire, MoCA test, STAI, Fletcher/Lucket questionnaire and creativity workshops of Occupational Therapy. Result: Forty-seven students, aged 17 to 21 years, from the second and third year of administration participated in the study, and 36.17% had COVID-19 and/or 70.22% of their family members also had it. Regarding the applied tests, they demonstrated a moderate negative correlation between the STAI-T and the F&L Score (r= - 0.318 p = < 0.001), a strong negative correlation between IDATE_E and F&L score (r = -0.0316 p = <0,001), had cognitive lag for executive activities and memory, and significant sleep alteration. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop more research in these areas, mainly linked to Occupational Therapy, which deepens the knowledge related to adolescent life, sleep, cognition and anxiety, which interfere in occupational performance.COVID-19 llevó al distanciamiento social causando el cierre de escuelas y los adolescentes tuvieron que adaptarse a los nuevos estándares de seguridad, utilizando las redes como medio de comunicación y adquisición de conocimientos Objetivo: analizar la relación entre los niveles de actividad cognitiva, la calidad del sueño y los síntomas de ansiedad de estudiantes técnicos de secundaria del Instituto Federal de Río de Janeiro durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: estudio descriptivo y correlacional, basado en las respuestas del cuestionario sociodemográfico, test MoCA, STAI, cuestionario Fletcher/Lucket y talleres de creatividad de Terapia Ocupacional. Resultado: Cuarenta y siete estudiantes, de 17 a 21 años, del segundo y tercer año de administración participaron en el estudio, y 36,17% tenían COVID-19 y/o 70,22% de sus familiares también lo tenían. En cuanto a las pruebas aplicadas, demostraron una correlación negativa moderada entre el STAI-T y el F&L Score (r= - 0,318 p = < 0,001), una fuerte correlación negativa entre IDATE_E y F&L score (r = -0,0316 p = <0,001), tuvieron rezago cognitivo para las actividades ejecutivas y la memoria, y alteración significativa del sueño. Conclusión: Es necesario desarrollar más investigación en estas áreas, principalmente vinculadas a la Terapia Ocupacional, que profundice los conocimientos relacionados con la vida adolescente, el sueño, la cognición y la ansiedad, que interfieren en el desempeño ocupacional.A COVID-19 acarretou distanciamento social ocasionando fechamento das escolas e o adolescente teve que se adaptar as novas normas de segurança, utilizando as redes como meio de se comunicar e adquirir conhecimento Objetivo: analisar a relação entre níveis de atividade cognitiva, qualidade do sono e sintomas de ansiedade dos alunos do Ensino Médio Técnico do Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Metodologia: estudo descritivo e correlacional, com base nas respostas do questionário sociodemografico, teste MoCA, IDATE, questionário Fletcher/Lucket e oficinas de criatividade da Terapia Ocupacional. Resultado: Participaram da pesquisa 47 alunos, na faixa etária de 17 a 21 anos, do segundo e terceiro ano de administração, sendo que 36,17% tiveram COVID-19 e/ou 70,22% dos seus familiares também tiveram. Em relação aos testes aplicados, demonstraram correlação negativa moderada entre o IDATE-T e o Escore F&L (r= - 0,318 p = < 0.001), correlação negativa forte entre IDATE_E e Escore F&L (r = -0,0316 p = <0.001), apresentaram defasagem cognitiva para atividades executivas e memória, e alteração significativa do sono. Conclusão: É preciso desenvolver mais pesquisas nestas áreas, principalmente vinculadas à Terapia Ocupacional, que aprofundem os conhecimentos relacionados à vida do adolescente, ao sono, a cognição e a ansiedade, os quais interferem no desempenho ocupacional.A COVID-19 acarretou distanciamento social ocasionando fechamento das escolas e o adolescente teve que se adaptar as novas normas de segurança, utilizando as redes como meio de se comunicar e adquirir conhecimento Objetivo: analisar a relação entre níveis de atividade cognitiva, qualidade do sono e sintomas de ansiedade dos alunos do Ensino Médio Técnico do Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Metodologia: estudo descritivo e correlacional, com base nas respostas do questionário sociodemografico, teste MoCA, IDATE, questionário Fletcher/Lucket e oficinas de criatividade da Terapia Ocupacional. Resultado: Participaram da pesquisa 47 alunos, na faixa etária de 17 a 21 anos, do segundo e terceiro ano de administração, sendo que 36,17% tiveram COVID-19 e/ou 70,22% dos seus familiares também tiveram. Em relação aos testes aplicados, demonstraram correlação negativa moderada entre o IDATE-T e o Escore F&L (r= - 0,318 p = < 0.001), correlação negativa forte entre IDATE_E e Escore F&L (r = -0,0316 p = <0.001), apresentaram defasagem cognitiva para atividades executivas e memória, e alteração significativa do sono. Conclusão: É preciso desenvolver mais pesquisas nestas áreas, principalmente vinculadas à Terapia Ocupacional, que aprofundem os conhecimentos relacionados à vida do adolescente, ao sono, a cognição e a ansiedade, os quais interferem no desempenho ocupacional

Reemergence of human malaria in Atlantic Forest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Unforeseen Plasmodium infections in the Atlantic Forest of Brazilian Extra-Amazonian region could jeopardise malaria elimination. A human malaria case was registered in Três Forquilhas, in the Atlantic Forest biome of Rio Grande do Sul, after a 45 years’ time-lapsed without any malaria autochthonous notification in this southern Brazilian state. This finding represents the expansion of the malaria distribution areas in Brazil and the southernmost human malaria case record in South America in this decade. The coexistence of the bromeliad-breeding vector Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii and non-human primates in the Atlantic Forest regularly visited by the patient claimed for the zoonotic origin of this infection. The reemergence of Atlantic Forest human malaria in Rio Grande do Sul was also discussed

Abordagem da atual situação do sistema de drenagem urbana e resíduos sólidos do bairro Curió Utinga-Belém/PA / Approaching the current situation of the urban drainage system and solid waste of Curió Utinga-Belém/PA

O aumento populacional e a consequente produção de resíduos sólidos, em áreas urbanas, concomitante ao gerenciamento inadequado dos mesmos e da má gestão de serviços de saneamento básico, como drenagem urbana, tem agravado a problemática de ocorrência de inundações, principalmente em áreas próximas à canais. Os sistemas de drenagem urbana são de modo geral, sistemas para impedir inundações, principalmente em áreas mais baixas que são sujeitas a alagamentos, como é o caso da área de estudo, o bairro Curió Utinga de Belém/PA.  Tal cenário acarreta muitos problemas de saúde pública e degradação ambiental, além de, afetar economicamente e socialmente o local. Partindo dessa questão, o presente trabalho objetivou realizar um diagnóstico do sistema de drenagem do bairro Curió Utinga, em Belém do Pará, verificando a existência de problemas relacionados ao gerenciamento e manejo de resíduos sólidos. Coletou-se os dados através de questionários, aplicados junto à população nos domicílios locais de forma aleatória e registros fotográficos. Com os resultados, percebeu-se que as recorrentes as enchentes se apresentam com maior frequência nas áreas com cotas mais baixa, estando diretamente ligadas, não só ao deficiente manejo dos resíduos sólidos do local que dificulta e impede o fluxo das águas pluviais, mas também ao processo de ocupação irregular dos moradores ao longo dos canais, devidos às práticas irregulares de uso do solo, acarretando prejuízos na drenagem urbana deste local.

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Angiotensin-(1-7) and Alamandine Promote Anti-inflammatory Response in Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) peptides play an important role in inflammation. Resolution of inflammation contributes to restore tissue homeostasis, and it is characterized by neutrophil apoptosis and their subsequent removal by macrophages, which are remarkable plastic cells involved in the pathophysiology of diverse inflammatory diseases. However, the effects of RAS peptides on different macrophage phenotypes are still emerging. Here, we evaluated the effects of angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) and the most novel RAS peptide, alamandine, on resting (M0), proinflammatory M(LPS+IFN-γ), and anti-inflammatory M(IL-4) macrophage phenotypes in vitro, as well as on specific immune cell populations and macrophage subsets into the pleural cavity of LPS-induced pleurisy in mice. Our results showed that Ang-(1-7) and alamandine, through Mas and MrgD receptors, respectively, do not affect M0 macrophages but reduce the proinflammatory TNF-α, CCL2, and IL-1β transcript expression levels in LPS+IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages. Therapeutic administration of these peptides in LPS-induced inflammation in mice decreased the number of neutrophils and M1 (F4/80lowGr1+CD11bmed) macrophage frequency without affecting the other investigated macrophage subsets. Our data suggested that both Ang-(1-7) and alamandine, through their respective receptors Mas and MrgD, promote an anti-inflammatory reprogramming of M(LPS+IFN-γ)/M1 macrophages under inflammatory circumstances and potentiate the reprogramming induced by IL-4. In conclusion, our work sheds light on the emerging proresolving properties of Ang-(1-7) and alamandine, opening new avenues for the treatment of inflammatory diseases

Oral free and dipeptide forms of glutamine supplementation attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation induced by endotoxemia

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of oral supplementation with L-glutamine plus L-alanine (GLN+ALA), both in the free form and L-alanyl-L-glutamine dipeptide (DIP) in endotoxemic mice. Methods: B6.129 F2/J mice were subjected to endotoxemia (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide [LPS], 5 mg/kg, LPS group) and orally supplemented for 48 h with either L-glutamine (1 g/kg) plus L-alanine (0.61 g/kg) (GLN+ALA-LPS group) or 1.49 g/kg DIP (DIP-LPS group). Plasma glutamine, cytokines, and lymphocyte proliferation were measured. Liver and skeletal muscle glutamine, glutathione (GSH), oxidized GSH (GSSG), tissue lipoperoxidation (TBARS), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB–interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1)–Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 pathway also were determined.Results: Endotoxemia depleted plasma (by 71%), muscle (by 44%), and liver (by 49%) glutamine concentrations (relative to the control group), which were restored in both GLN+ALA-LPS and DIP-LPS groups (P < 0.05). Supplemented groups reestablished GSH content, intracellular redox status (GSSG/GSH ratio), and TBARS concentration in muscle and liver (P < 0.05). T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation increased in supplemented groups compared with controls and LPS group (P < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 β, and IL-10 increased in LPS group but were attenuated by the supplements (P < 0.05). Endotoxemic mice exhibited higher muscle gene expression of components of the NF-κB pathway, with the phosphorylation of IκB kinase-α/β. These returned to basal levels (relative to the control group) in both GLN+ALA-LPS and DIP-LPS groups (P < 0.05). Higher mRNA of IRAK1 and MyD88 were observed in muscle of LPS group compared with the control and supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Oral supplementations with GLN+ALA or DIP are effective in attenuating oxidative stress and the proinflammatory responses induced by endotoxemia in mice

Resumos em andamento - Educação

Resumos em andamento - Educaçã