The negative prognostic impact of bone metastasis with a tumor mass

OBJECTIVE: Typically, bone metastasis causes osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions resulting from the interactions of tumor cells with osteoclasts and osteoblasts. In addition to these interactions, tumor tissues may grow inside bones and cause mass lesions. In the present study, we aimed to demonstrate the negative impact of a tumor mass in a large cohort of patients with bone metastatic cancer. METHODS: Data from 335 patients with bone metastases were retrospectively reviewed. For the analysis, all patients were divided into three subgroups with respect to the type of bone metastasis: osteolytic, osteoblastic, or mixed. The patients were subsequently categorized as having bone metastasis with or without a tumor mass, and statistically significant differences in median survival and 2-year overall survival were observed between these patients (the median survival and 2-year overall survival were respectively 3 months and 16% in patients with a tumor mass and 11 months and 26% in patients without a tumor mass;

Stronsiyumun ratlarda radyoterapiye bağlı gelişen deri toksisitesinde koruyucu/tedavi edici etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada %5'lik stronsiyum (Sr) klorür hekzahidratın radyoterapiye (RT) bağlı gelişen deri toksisitesini önleyici ve/veya tedavi edici etkisinin olup olmadığının araştırılması amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Dört buçuk-beş aylık, 200-210 gram ağırlığında 64 adet, dişi Wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı ve sıçanlar her bir grupta 8 sıçan olacak şekilde rastgele 8 gruba ayrıldı.Bulgular: Radyo Terapi Onkoloji Grubu Akut Radyasyon Morbidite Puanlama Kriterleri (RTOG) ve histopatolojik bulgulara göre karşılaştırma yapıldığında kontrol grubu ile diğer gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p0,05). Ayrıca tedavi grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık yoktu (p>0,05). Gruplar transforme-edici büyüme faktörü-?'nın immünohistokimyasal değerlendirmesine göre karşılaştırıldığında istatistiki sonuçlar: Grup 1 ve 4 (p=0,015), grup 1 ve 5 (p=0,014), grup 1 ve 6 (p=0,035), grup 1 ve 8 (p=0,046), grup 2 ve 6 (p=0,047), grup 4 ve 6 (p=0,031) şeklindeydi. Gruplar tümör nekroz faktörü-?'nın immünohistokimyasal değerlendirmesine göre karşılaştırıldığında istatistiki sonuçlar: Grup 1 ve 2 (p=0,024), grup 1 ve 8 (p=0,045) şeklindeydi.Sonuç: Topikal olarak kullanılan %5 konsantrasyondaki Sr RT'nin deri üzerinde yan etkilerini önlemek için yeterli değildir. Bu sonuç RTOG puanlama, histopatolojik bulgular ve immünolojik belirteçlerle desteklenmiştirBackground and Design: This study aimed to investigate whether 5% strontium (Sr) chloride hexahydrate has preventive or therapeutic effects on the radiotherapy (RT)-induced adverse skin effects.Materials and Methods: Sixty-four female Wistar albino rats weighing 200-210 g, aged 4.5-5 months were divided into eight groups. Results: There were significant differences between control group and the other groups according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring Criteria (RTOG) and histopathological findings (p0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences among treatment groups (p>0.05). Statistical results were as follows according to the immunohistochemical evaluation of transforming growth factor-β: group 1 and 4 (p=0.015), group 1 and 5 (p=0.014), group 1 and 6 (p=0.035), group 1 and 8 (p=0.046), group 2 and 6 (p=0.047), group 4 and 6 (p=0.031); and according to the immunohistochemical evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-α: group 1 and 2 (p=0.024), group 1 and 8 (p=0.045). Conclusion: Topical treatment with Sr at a concentration of 5% is insufficient to prevent the side effects of RT involving the skin, as assessed by the RTOG scoring, histopathological findings, and immunological marker

Aykırı bir gazeteci : Güner Samlı

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2017.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Mercan, Fatma Özden

An institutional experience of quality assurance of a treatment planning system on photon beam

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study is to show the application of the IAEA TRS-430 QA procedures of Eclipse™v7.5 TPS for photon energies. In addition, the trends of the deviations found in the conducted tests were determined.BackgroundIn the past, the lack of complete TPS QA procedures led to some serious accidents. So, QA in the radiotherapy treatment planning process is essential for determination of accuracy in the radiotherapy process and avoidance of treatment errors.Materials and methodsThe calculations of TPS and measurements of irradiations of the treatment device were compared in the study. As a result, the local dose deviation values (δ1: central beam axis, δ2: penumbra and build up region, δ3: inside field, δ4: outside beam edges, δ50–90: beam fringe, RW50: radiological width) and their confidence limit values (including systematic and random errors) were obtained.ResultsThe confidence limit values of δ4 were detected to increase with expanding field size. The values of δ1 and δ3 of hard wedge were larger than open fields. The values of δ2 and δ50–90 of the inhomogeneity effect test were larger, especially than other tests of this study. The average deviation was showed to increase with the rise of the wedge angle. The values of δ3 and δ4 of lung irradiation were outside tolerance.ConclusionsThe QA of TPS was done and it was found that there were no reservations in its use in patient treatment. The trend of the deviations is shown

Higher Ki67 Expression Is Associates With Unfavorable Prognostic Factors and Shorter Survival in Breast Cancer

Background: The prognostic value of the Ki67 expression level is yet unclear in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Ki67 expression levels and prognostic factors such as grade, Her2 and hormone receptor expression status in breast cancers. Materials and Methods: Clinical and pathological features of the patients with breast cancer were retreived from the hospital records. Results: In this study, 163 patients with breast cancer were analyzed, with a mean age of 53.4 +/- 12.2 years. Median Ki67 positivity was 20% and Ki67-high tumors were significantly associated with high grade (p<0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.001), estrogen receptor (ER) negativity (p=0.035), Her2 positivity (p=0.001), advanced stage (p<0.001) and lymph node positivity (p<0.003). Lower Ki67 levels were significantly associated with longer median relapse-free and overall survival compared to those of higher Ki67 levels. Conclusions: High Ki67 expression is associated with ER negativity, Her2 positivity, higher grade and axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancers. The level of Ki67 expression is a prognostic factor predicting relapse-free and overall survival in breast cancer patients.WoSScopu

Investigation of Mean Platelet Volume in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: Alterations in platelet function have been observed in patient with multıple sclerosis (MS). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a marker of the platelet activity and is reported to increase in vascular diseases. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the correlation between MPV and MS. METHODS: The patient group consisted of 46 MS patients who were presented to MS attacks (males/females: 10/36, mean age: 34.3±9.4). In the MS patients, during the attack MPV value compared with the value of MPV after attack. Also, their MPV values were compared with those of 38 age/sex-matched healthy individuals (males/females: 14/24, mean age: 36.4±10.4). RESULTS: No difference was found in terms of MPV values between during the attack of MS (8.0±1.2) and after MS attack (7.9±1.2), and no relation was found between MPV and EDSS parameters (p>0.05). No difference was found in terms of MPV values between the MS group (8.1±1.3) and control group (8.1±1.1) (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: As a result, no significant change in MPV was seen between the during the MS attack and after the MS attack. This finding support that platelet activation not an important role pathogenesis in MS. But, relation between MS and MPV should investigated with prospectively

Urinary Incontinence Prevelance and Risk Factors in Women at the Age of 20 and Over Living in Bornova

Amaç: Kesitsel tipteki bu alan araştırması, Bornova İlçesi’nde ikamet eden kadınlarda üriner inkontinans görülme sıklığını ve risk faktörlerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Bornova ilçesinde yürütülen çalışmanın evrenini, Bornova belediyesinde çalışan ebelerin hizmet verdiği dokuz mahallede ikamet eden 20 yaş üstü kadınlar (n=32.284) oluşturmuştur. Alınması gereken en küçük örnek büyüklüğü Statcalc (EpiInfoVersion 6) kullanılarak %95 güven aralığında, %26 görülme sıklığı ve %5 hata payı ile 293 olarak belirlenmiştir. Örneklem grubuna alınacak kadın sayısı tabakalı örnek seçim yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Veriler kadınların sosyodemografik özellikleri ile literatür doğrultusunda oluşturulan inkontinans etyolojisinde rol oynayan faktörlerin sorgulandığı anket ve ICIQ-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form) (Chronbach alfa=0.71) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. ICIQ-SF cut-off değeri 8’dir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya alınan kadınların yaş ortalaması 42.86±1.51 (min:20 max:81)’dir. Kadınların %72.5’inin vajinal doğum yaptığı, %59.2’sine doğumda epizyotomi uygulandığı, %7.3’ünün doğumlarında vakum kullanıldığı, %63.1’ine doğumda kristeller manevrası uygulandığı, %19.2’sinin iri bebek doğumu olduğu, %11.1’inin jinekolojik operasyon geçirdiği saptanmıştır. Kadınların üriner inkontinans prevelansı %28.2’dir. Üriner inkontinans sorunu olan kadınların %31.0’inin karışık tipte idrar kaçırması olduğu, %74.7’sinin ise az miktarda idrar kaçırdığı belirlenmiştir. İdrar kaçıranların %73.6’sının idrar kaçırma nedeniyle doktora başvurmadığı, %58.6’sının ped/koruyucu materyal kullanmadığı saptanmıştır. ICIQ-SF puan ortalaması 7.67±4.28 (min:2 max:18) olarak bulunmuş, ayrıca idrar kaçıran kadınların %42.5’inin rahatsız edici düzeyde idrar kaçırma problemi yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Yaklaşık olarak üç kadından birinin üriner inkontinas sorunu yaşadığı belirlenmiştir Yaş, eğitim durumu, BMI, vajinal doğum, doğum sayısı, menapoz ve jinekolojik operasyon öyküsü ve sık idrar yolu enfeksiyonu geçirme ile üriner inkontinas arasında ilişki saptanmıştır.Aim: the study has been planned as cross-sectional type with the aim of examining the frequency of urinary incontinence and risk factors in women living in Bornova town. Method: the women over 20 living in nine districts where the midwife provide service have formed the population (n=32.284). the bigness of the smallest sample that had to be taken has been determined as 293 with a margin of error of 5% and 26% prevalence in 95% confidence interval by using Statcalc (Epi Info Version 6). the number of women who would be taken into sample group has been determined by using stratified sample selection. the data has been gathered by using a survey questioning women’s sociodemographic features and factors having a role in incontinence etiology that has been created in accordance with the literature and also by using ICIQ-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form) (Chronbachalfa=0.71) adapted by Çetinel and et al. (2004) to be used for Turkish society. ICIQ-SF cut-off value is 8. Findings: the age average of women taken into the study is 42.86±1.51 (min:20 max:81). 72.5% of women have been determined to have had vaginal delivery, 59.2% of them to have been applied episiotomy, in 7.3% of them vacuum has been used during delivery, 63.1% of them have been applied kristeller maneuver during delivery, 19.2% of them have undertaken bulky baby delivery, 11.1% of them have undertaken gynecological operation. 28.2% of women have been determined to had urinary incontinence, 31.0% of those who has urinary incontinence have been stated to have mixed type urinary incontinence 74.7% of them has a little incontinence. 73.6% of them have been determined not to consult doctor due to this problem. 58.6% of them do not use pad/protective material. ICIQ-SF score average has been found as 7.67±4.28 (min:2 max:18), besides 42.5% of women have been found out to have urinary incontinence with an irritating level. Result: Approximately one of three women were found to have urinary incontinence problems. Age, education status, BMI, vaginal delivery, number of births, menopause, gynecologic operation history, and frequent urinary tract infections were found to be correlated with urinary incontinence

Akciğer Kanserinde serum anti-p53 antikor düzeyinin tanısal ve prognostik önemi var mı?

Amaç: Akciğer kanseri dünya genelinde kansere bağlı ölümlerin önde gelen nedenidir. Tanısal cihazlar ve teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı tedavi seçeneklerinde ilerlemeye rağmen, akciğer kanseri hastalarında genel mortalite oranı hala yüksektir. Akciğer kanseri hastalarında sağkalım oranları, özellikle ilerlemiş inoperabl hastalıkta, immunoterapi gibi yeni tedavi seçeneklerine rağmen düşüktür. p53, kanser hastalarının %60-70'inde mutasyona uğramaktadır ve bu nedenle son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar göstermektedir ki, serum anti-p53 antikorunun, over, özefagus, meme ve akciğer kanseri gibi bazı kanser türlerinin dedekte edilmesinde biyobelirteç olarak dikkate alınabilir. Bu çalışmada, akciğer kanseri hastalarında, serum anti-p53antikor düzeylerinin tanısal ve prognostik önemini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Çalışmaya akciğer kanseri (AK) tanısı nedeniyle evreleme için 18F-FDG-PET / BT görüntüleme amacı ile bölümümüze sevk edilen hastalar, toraks BT'sinde şüpheli pulmoner nodül olup, patolojik FDG birikimi göstermeyen hastalar (NAPN= Non-avid FDG gösteren pulmoner nodül) ve sağlıklı gönüllüler dahil edildi. Serum anti-p53antikor düzeyleri tüm hastalarda ELISA yöntemi ile ölçüldü. Hastaların ortalama takip süresi 13 ay idi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 65 AK hastası (58E/7K), 47 NAPN hastası (20E/27K) ve 34 sağlıklı gönüllü (26E /8K) dahil edildi. Ortalama serum anti-p53antikor seviyeleri AK hastalarında 3.4ng/mL, NAPN hastalarında 3.77ng /mL, sağlıklı gönüllülerde 3.07 ng/ mL idi. AK hastaları ile NAPN hastaları arasında serum anti-p53antikor düzeyi için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p = 0.678). Hatta, hastalar ve sağlıklı gönüllüler arasında serum anti-p53Ab düzeyi için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p = 0.377). Hastaların iki yıllık medyan sağkalımı 14 aydı. Hastaların sağkalım hızında, serum anti-p53Ab düzeyinin > 3.4 ng/ mL veya <=3.4 ng/ mL olmasının herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı bulundu (p = 0.652). Sonuç: Anti-p53antikoru, karsinogeneziste çok önemli olmasına rağmen, serum anti-p53antikor düzeyinin akciğer kanseri tanısında ve sağkalım oranlarında tek başına önemli olmadığını düşünüyoruz. Karsinogeneziste birden fazla faktör vardır ve bu durumun nedeni olabilir. Akciğer kanseri hastalarının teşhisi için serum anti-p53antikor düzeylerinin bilinen bir katof değeri yoktur. Bu nedenle, bu antikorun tümör spesifikliği olmadığını ve serum anti-p53antikor düzeyinin akciğer kanseri taraması için uygun olmadığını düşünüyoruz.Objective: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advancement in diagnostic tools and treatment options with technological developments, overall mortality rates in lung cancer patients remains high. Survival rates in lung cancer patients is low especially in advanced diseased inoperable patients in spite of new treatment options like immunotherapy. p53 is mutated in 60-70% of cancer patients and for this reason has been extensively studied recent researches suggest that serum anti-p53Ab can be considered as biomarkers to detect many types of cancers; as ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer. In this study we aimed that are there any diagnostic and prognostic importance of serum anti-p53Ab levels in lung cancer patients. Method: Patients were included who were referred to our department with the purpose of 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging for staging due to lung cancer diagnosis (LC) and patients who were performed 18F-FDG-PET/CT for diagnosis in the cause of the suspected pulmonary nodule in thorax CT but not detected pathologic FDG accumulation (NAPN=pulmonary nodule with non-avid-FDG) and healthy volunteers. Serum anti-p53Ab levels were measured with ELISA method in the all patients. Mean follow up time of patients were 13 months. Results: A total of 65 LC patients (58M/7F), 47 patients with NAPN (20M/27F), and a total of 34 healthy volunteers (26M/8F) were included in this study. Median serum anti-p53Ab levels are 3.4ng/mL in LC patients, 3.77ng/mL in NAPN patients, 3.07ng/mL in healthy volunteers. There is no statistically significant difference for serum anti-p53Ab level between LC patients and NAPN patients (p=0.678). Moreover there is no statistically significant difference for serum anti-p53Ab level between patients and healthy volunteers (p=0.377). Two-year median survival of patients was 14 month. It has been found that there is no effect of serum anti-p53Ab level whether &gt;3.4 or &lt;=3.4 on the patient survival rate (p=0.652). Conclusions: Even though anti-p53Ab is very important in carcinogenesis, we think that serum anti-p53Ab level by itself is not important in lung cancer diagnosis and survival rates. There are multiple factors in carcinogenesis and this may be the reason of this situation. There is no known cut off value of serum anti-p53 Ab levels for diagnosis of lung cancer patients. Therefore we think that this antibody is not tumor spesific and serum anti-p53 Ab level measurement is not appropriate for lung cancer screening