Ambushes from a cinema known as classical

Reflections on the condition of classical in American Cinema, as introduction to a monographic issue of Archivos de la Filmoteca. The article goes from theory to history, from genres to case analysis in order to establish the state of things in academic knowledge

Le cinéma espagnol, entre anomalie et exotisme

Le cinéma espagnol suscite un nombre constant de publications dans les milieux universitaires internationaux. Au-delà de la stabilité de son industrie ou de la créativité de ses auteurs, la répercussion des films espagnols dans les éditions universitaires et les publications spécialisées confirme un intérêt qui va jusqu'à dépasser celui du public des salles de cinéma outre Pyrénées, mis à part quelques noms de renommée mondiale. Toutefois, un regard attentif découvre que cet intérêt universitaire laisse paraître des motifs récurrents qui s'appuient sur une approche traditionnelle de la culture espagnole pour son côté « exceptionnel », pour son exotisme dans le contexte européen. Cette perception exotique dont les origines lointaines remontent au Romantisme, produit encore des approches stéréotypées de son histoire et de ses manifestations culturelles. Il ne s'agit donc pas d'un panorama didactique de soixante-dix ans de cinéma espagnol mais d'une série d'analyses minutieuses de douze aspects problématiques qui continuent a interroger les spécialistes de cinéma espagnol et la théorie de la représentation cinématographique, qui cherchent dans les films espagnols les clés pour une meilleure compréhension d'une histoire cinématographique qui a évolué sur un chemin a la frontière entre l'anomalie et le conflit

La españolada en el cine

El punto ciego entre las lecturas partidarias o detractoras de la españolada se explica por la superposición de dos corrientes culturales: la asimilación de las visiones foráneas sobre España durante el siglo XIX que buscaban exotismo (la espagnolade en la corte de Eugenia de Montijo, las pinturas de Édouard Manet o la Carmen de Mérimée y Bizet y la de los defensores del género como expresión genuina del folclore nacional. Nuestra propuesta, sin embargo, quiere distanciarse de estos planteamientos esencialistas para pensar la españolada explicándola como un producto de las transformaciones de la modernidad en la sociedad española desde finales del siglo XIX y que encontrará su cristalización mediante su entrecruzamiento con los medios técnicos de comunicación y entretenimiento (radio, fonógrafo, industria discográfica y cine). El presente texto recorre las manifestaciones cinematográficas de este género a lo largo del s. XX, a partir de hitos representativos y señalando los momentos de cambio hasta la decadencia de la españolada. En suma, los últimos años del siglo xx y el comienzo del XXI parecen sancionar el fin de la españolada cinematográfica. Sin embargo, esta supuesta decadencia se manifiesta de tres formas que revelan un latido que pervive: en primer lugar, la recuperación, con espíritu camp y nostálgico, de cuanto fue gloria de la copla, de la que es muestra señera el programa Cine de barrio, surgido en julio de 1995 bajo la batuta de José Manuel Parada y, a partir de 2003, presentado por Carmen Sevilla; en segundo término la vertiente autorreflexiva que, como La niña de tus ojos o Yo soy esa, recurre a sofisticaciones narrativas que jamás acompañaron las ficciones de la españolada; en tercer lugar, una recuperación minimalista de fragmentos de la españolada por cineastas dedicados a otros fines y géneros. Así pues, ya sea por nostalgia, intelectualismo o guiño,· la españolada todavía es un fantasma que recorre nuestro cine

Modelling the enantioresolution capability of cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) stationary phase in reversed phase conditions for neutral and basic chiral compounds

[EN] To the best of our knowledge, the prediction of the enantioresolution ability of polysaccharides-based stationary phases in liquid chromatography for structurally unrelated compounds has not been previously reported. In this study, structural information of neutral and basic compounds is used to model their enantioresolution levels obtained from an immobilised cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) stationary phase in reversed phase conditions. Thirty-four structurally unrelated chiral drugs and pesticides, from seven families, are studied. Categorical enantioresolution levels (RsC, 0 = no baseline enantioresolution and 1 = baseline enantioresolution) are established from the experimental enantioresolution values obtained at a fixed experimental conditions. From 58 initial structural variables, three topological parameters (two of them connected to the chiral carbon), and six molecular descriptors (one of them also related with the chiral carbon), are selected after a discriminant partial least squares refinement process. The molar total charge of the molecule at the working pH is the most important variable. The relationships between RsC and the most important structural variables and the drug/pesticide family are evaluated. An explicit model is proposed to anticipate the RsC levels, which provides 100% of correct anticipations. A criterion is introduced to alert about the compounds that should not be anticipated.The authors acknowledge the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for the financial support (Project CTQ2015-70904-R, MINECO/FEDER, UE).Martin-Biosca, Y.; Escuder-Gilabert, L.; Medina-Hernandez, MJ.; Sagrado Vives, S. (2018). Modelling the enantioresolution capability of cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) stationary phase in reversed phase conditions for neutral and basic chiral compounds. Journal of Chromatography A. 1567:111-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.061S111118156

Bullous pemphigoid and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: The importance of the pharmacotherapeutic history

A 97-year-old man with a history of type II diabetes mellitus was treated with oral antidiabetic agents. He went to the emergency department after the appearance of blister-like itchy lesions on the abdomen and extremities since 2 months. The examination revealed eczematous lesions on the back, abdomen and extremities along with tense blisters on an erythematous base and serous content (figure 1A). In the blood test carried out, 285?mg/dL glucose and 7.1% eosinophilia stood out, with no associated leucocytosis or other relevant findings. Positive glycosuria (+++) was observed in urinalysis without other alterations. A skin biopsy was performed for histological and immunofluorescence studies that confirmed the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid (figure 1B–D). Given the poor control of autoimmune blistering disease, possible triggers were looked for and linagliptin intake could be associated with the appearance of skin lesions 1?month earlier. ..

Computationally Guided Design of a Readily Assembled Phosphite- Thioether Ligand for a Broad Range of Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitutions

A modular approach employing indene as common starting material, has enabled the straightforward preparation in three reaction steps of P-thioether ligands for the Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution. The analysis of a starting library of P-thioether ligands based on rational design and theoretical calculations has led to the discovery of an optimized anthracenethiol derivative with excellent behavior in the reaction of choice. Improving most approaches reported to date, this ligand presents a broad substrate and nucleophile scope. Excellent enantioselectivities have been achieved for a range of linear and cyclic allylic substrates using a large number of C-, N-, and O-nucleophiles (40 compounds in total). The species responsible for the catalytic activity have been further investigated by NMR in order to clearly establish the origin of the enantioselectivity. The resulting products have been derivatized by means of ring-closing metathesis or Pauson–Khand reactions to further prove the synthetic versatility of the methodology for preparing enantiopure complex structures

Characterization of Domiphen Bromide as a New Fast-Acting Antiplasmodial Agent Inhibiting the Apicoplastidic Methyl Erythritol Phosphate Pathway

The evolution of resistance by the malaria parasite to artemisinin, the key component of the combination therapy strategies that are at the core of current antimalarial treatments, calls for the urgent identification of new fast-acting antimalarials. The apicoplast organelle is a preferred target of antimalarial drugs because it contains biochemical processes absent from the human host. Fosmidomycin is the only drug in clinical trials targeting the apicoplast, where it inhibits the methyl erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. Here, we characterized the antiplasmodial activity of domiphen bromide (DB), another MEP pathway inhibitor with a rapid mode of action that arrests the in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum at the early trophozoite stage. Metabolomic analysis of the MEP pathway and Krebs cycle intermediates in 20 mu M DB-treated parasites suggested a rapid activation of glycolysis with a concomitant decrease in mitochondrial activity, consistent with a rapid killing of the pathogen. These results present DB as a model compound for the development of new, potentially interesting drugs for future antimalarial combination therapies

Experimental investigation of the temperatures and performance of a commercial ice-storage tank

[EN] This paper presents the results of an experimental installation with an internal melt-ice-on-coil tank which has a total capacity of 172 kWh. The aim of this work is to analyse the freezing process in a tank with counter-current spiral-shaped coils immersed in around 1855l water. An experimental campaign has been performed with different inlet temperatures and mass flow rates of the heat transfer fluid. This study analyses (i) the chiller performance, (ii) the ice-formation process and (iii) the energy consumption of the installation. Supply temperatures between 2.5 C and 5.2 C have been sufficient to charge the tank without using any nucleating agents. The lowest energy consumption has been achieved for the fastest charging tests.The authors gratefully acknowledge ACCIONA Infraestructuras for the financing support and collaboration. Parts of the experimental results used in this work were collected at Federico II University during the project "Layout d'impianto e metodi di controllo innovativi per la refrigerazione domestica, commerciale e professionale". A.W. Mauro acknowledges the financial support provided by Regione Campania.López-Navarro, A.; Biosca Taronger, J.; Torregrosa-Jaime, B.; Martínez Galván, IO.; Corberán, JM.; Esteban-Matías, JC.; Payá-Herrero, J. (2012). Experimental investigation of the temperatures and performance of a commercial ice-storage tank. International Journal of Refrigeration. 36(4):1310-1318. doi:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.09.008S1310131836

Automatic Zonation and Correlation of Well Logs for a Tectono-Sedimentary Interpretation in the Continental Siliciclastic Basin of Duero River (Iberian Peninsula)

AbstractA procedure to automatically correlate well logs measured in boreholes that are located in continental siliciclastic basins by using two different methods is shown. The first method is applied to the parametric layers that were determined in each borehole starting from the values of their geophysical parameters and consists of correlating, by cross-association, the columns formed by these layers. The second method consists of cross-correlating the geophysical stretches or units, which are established as sets of layers with similar characteristics that are sufficiently different from the average values in the adjacent stretches. The evaluation of the correlation results requires showing the criteria that are used for determining the parametric layers that are obtained from the well logs, the result of which is called segmentation in this study. This evaluation also requires to show the techniques that are used to determine the geophysical stretches by a process that is called stretching in this study. The reason for using different correlation methods is that cross-association of layers provides high resolution but relatively smaller spatial extent, whereas cross-correlations of geophysical stretches provide higher spatial extent but lower resolution. Thus, the cross-association results have been used both to assess the correlations in boreholes that are relatively close (distances<10 km) and to support the establishment of the stretch correlation criteria. The developed methodology is applied to a set of boreholes located in the Duero Basin (Spain). From the results obtained, an evaluation of the correlations with respect to the distances between boreholes was carried out. Furthermore, it is shown that the correlations between geophysical stretches enable identifying the correspondences between these and the tectono-sedimentary sequences (activation-relaxation of a tectonic phase) that are established in the literature