“It Was Only Harmless Banter!” The development and preliminary validation of the moral disengagement in sexual harassment scale.

Sexual harassment represents aggressive behavior that is often enacted instrumentally, in response to a threatened sense of masculinity and male identity. To date, however, theoretical attention to the social cognitive processes that regulate workplace harassment is scant. This article presents the development and preliminary validation of the Moral Disengagement in Sexual Harassment Scale (MDiSH); a self-report measure of moral disengagement in the context of hostile work environment harassment. Three studies (total N = 797) document the excellent psychometric properties of this new scale. Male U.K. university students (Study 1: N = 322) and U.S. working males (Studies 2 and 3: N = 475) completed the MDiSH and an array of measures for construct validation. The MDiSH exhibited positive correlations with sexual harassment myth acceptance, male gender identification, and hostile sexism. In Study 3, participants were exposed to a fictitious case of hostile work environment harassment. The MDiSH attenuated moral judgment, negative emotions (guilt, shame, and anger), sympathy, and endorsement of prosocial behavioral intentions (support for restitution) associated with the harassment case. Conversely, the MDiSH increased positive affect (happiness) about the harassment and attribution of blame to the female complainant. Implications for practice and future research avenues are discussed

Quantum-centric supercomputing for materials science: A perspective on challenges and future directions

Computational models are an essential tool for the design, characterization, and discovery of novel materials. Computationally hard tasks in materials science stretch the limits of existing high-performance supercomputing centers, consuming much of their resources for simulation, analysis, and data processing. Quantum computing, on the other hand, is an emerging technology with the potential to accelerate many of the computational tasks needed for materials science. In order to do that, the quantum technology must interact with conventional high-performance computing in several ways: approximate results validation, identification of hard problems, and synergies in quantum-centric supercomputing. In this paper, we provide a perspective on how quantum-centric supercomputing can help address critical computational problems in materials science, the challenges to face in order to solve representative use cases, and new suggested directions

Quantum-centric Supercomputing for Materials Science: A Perspective on Challenges and Future Directions

Computational models are an essential tool for the design, characterization, and discovery of novel materials. Hard computational tasks in materials science stretch the limits of existing high-performance supercomputing centers, consuming much of their simulation, analysis, and data resources. Quantum computing, on the other hand, is an emerging technology with the potential to accelerate many of the computational tasks needed for materials science. In order to do that, the quantum technology must interact with conventional high-performance computing in several ways: approximate results validation, identification of hard problems, and synergies in quantum-centric supercomputing. In this paper, we provide a perspective on how quantum-centric supercomputing can help address critical computational problems in materials science, the challenges to face in order to solve representative use cases, and new suggested directions.Comment: 60 pages, 14 figures; comments welcom

Growing your own

A publication containing advice on a wide range of gardening topics, including composting, container gardens, fall/winter gardens, fertilizing, insect pests, plant diseases, planting guidelines, raised beds, site selection, slugs, soil improvement, tilling, warm-season crops, watering, and weeds. Includes regional tips for various parts of Oregon.Published April 2011. Replaces GROW. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalogKeywords: soil preparation, gardening, pest control, Oregon, vegetable

An image-dependent Metz filter for nuclear medicine images

To provide optimal image quality, digital filters should account for both the count level and the object imaged. That is, they should be image-dependent. By using the constraint equation of constrained least-squares (CLS) restoration to determine one parameter of the Metz filter, a filter which adapts to the image has been developed. This filter has been named the Constrained Least-Squares Metz filter. The filter makes use of a regression relation to convert the Metz filter parameter determined using the CLS criterion to the value which would minimize the normalized mean square error (NMSE). The regression relation and the parameters which specify the general form of the Metz filter were determined using images of the Alderson liver and spleen phantoms. The designed filter was tested for its ability to adapt to other objects with images from each of three different test objects. When the values of the Metz filter parameters for these images determined by the CLS-Metz filter were compared by a regression analysis to those which minimized the NMSE for each image, a correlation coefficient of 0.98, a slope of 0.95, and a zero intercept of 0.1 were obtained. With clinical images, the CLS-Metz filter has been shown to provide consistently good image quality with images as diverse as heart perfusion images and bone studies

Cobalt(II)-mediated Oxygenation of a Macrocyclic Ligand. X-ray Structures of the Cobalt(II) and Cobalt(III) Products

Diaquo(5,7-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,7-diene)cobalt(II) hexafluorophosphate, [Co([14]4,7-dieneN4)(OH2)2](PF 6)2, reacts with O2 to form a new macrocyclic ligand ([14]4,7-dieneN4-one) with a ketone oxygen on the central carbon of the 2,4-pentanediiminato moiety. The cobalt(II) center appears to be necessary for this reaction yet is not oxidized in the process. The crystal and molecular structures of [Co([14]4,7-dieneN4-one)(OH2)2](ClO 4)2 and [Co([14]4,7-dieneN4-one)Cl2]ClO4 have been determined from three-dimensional x-ray data collected on an automatic diffractometer using Mo Kα radiation. The crystals of [Co([14]4,7-dieneN4-one)(OH2)2](ClO 4)2 belong to the space group P21/c with a = 10.371 (2) Å, b = 15.055 (3) Å, c = 14.467 (3) Å, β = 106.39 (2)°, and Z = 4. The crystals of [Co([14]4,7-dieneN4-one)Cl2]ClO4 belong to the space group Pbca with a = 12.030 (2) Å, b = 12.995 (2) Å, c = 23.523 (4) Å, and Z = 8. Full-matrix least-squares refinement yielded conventional discrepancy factors of 0.062 for 1835 observed counter data and 0.038 for 1894 observed counter data, respectively. The ketone oxygen in both complexes is bent up from the plane of the two imine bonds

Attenuation compensation in 99mTc SPECT brain imaging: a comparison of the use of attenuation maps derived from transmission versus emission data in normal scans

Brain SPECT imaging using 99mTc lipophilic tracers such as hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) attempts to estimate cerebral, cerebellar and subcortical perfusion by assessing the relative amount of tracer uptake among these regions. Most commonly, comparison is made with cerebellar activity. Because the assessment of relative tracer uptake may be rendered inaccurate by photon attenuation by the nonuniform attenuation properties of the head, brain SPECT reconstructions have been compared using attenuation correction (AC) with various methods for estimating the attenuation map. METHODS: Patients underwent 99mTc-HMPAO brain SPECT with transmission line source AC hardware. In addition to the emission dataset, emission downscatter and transmission datasets were acquired. Iterative reconstructions using three different attenuation maps were investigated. These included: (a) that obtained from transmission imaging, (b) that obtained from segmentation of a reconstruction from a lower energy Compton scatter window and (c) a slice-independent, uniform, elliptical attenuation map. No AC was also compared. RESULTS: Count profiles in patients having brain perfusion SPECT scans showed a significant difference in region count estimates in the brain depending on whether AC is used as well as on the attenuation map used. Scatter-based AC is able to provide external contour detection and attenuation compensation based on that contour, whereas transmission-based AC provides external contour detection as well as internal, nonuniform attenuation estimation and AC. If one considers transmission AC to be the clinical gold standard, non-attenuation-corrected as well as fixed-ellipsoid, uniform attenuation-corrected studies provided unreliable regional estimates of tracer activity. CONCLUSION: This study shows the significant difference in clinical brain SPECT count profiles depending on how and whether there is compensation for attenuation. Based on prior studies validating the improved quantitative accuracy of SPECT using transmission-based AC, this study suggests that clinical 99mTc brain perfusion SPECT would benefit from and, in situations demanding rigorous quantitative assessment, requires transmission-based AC. Estimating attenuation maps with scatter-based methods was the next most accurate (clinical) method tested and can be used if and when transmission imaging cannot be used