Drude model and Lifshitz formula

Since nearly 10 years, it is known that inserting the permittivity of the Drude model into the Lifshitz formula for free energy causes a violation of the third law of thermodynamics. In this paper we show that the standard Matsubara formulation for free energy contains a contribution that is non-perturbative in the relaxation parameter. We argue that the correct formula must have a perturbative expansion and conclude that the standard Matsubara formulation with the permittivity of the Drude model inserted is not correct. We trace the non-perturbative contribution in the complex frequency plane, where it shows up as a self-intersection or a bifurcation of the integration path.Comment: accepted for publication in EPJ

Alimentação popular em São Paulo (1920 a 1950): políticas públicas, discursos técnicos e práticas profissionais

This article discusses how the concept of lower-class eating habits came about and developed in the intellectual circles of São Paulo during the first half of the 20th century. It starts by reconstructing the elements of the debate around the income and ignorance of the underprivileged as the main reasons behind their bad eating habits. Then, it looks at the focal points for interventions and public policies proposed by the government to deal with the problem thus identified, namely: training methods to produce sanitation counselors capable of offering dietary guidance as well; popular educational campaigns and new learning sites in addition to schools (e.g. healthcare centers and households); lunch and other means of offering food at schools; and diagnostic studies about food intake and eating habits among laborers. Because they were translated into technical and scientific language, the proposals and policies implemented in São Paulo left traces in a variety of supporting documents and media (photographs, primers, posters, inquiry notebooks, and academic literature).O artigo discute a construção da idéia de alimentação popular nos meios intelectuais em São Paulo, na primeira metade do século XX. Para isso, reconstitui, como motivos da má alimentação, elementos do debate em torno da renda e da ignorância dos mais pobres. Identificado o problema, as propostas de intervenção e as políticas públicas concentraram-se em alguns setores, abordados neste trabalho: métodos para a formação de educadores sanitários aptos a atuar também na educação alimentar; campanhas de instrução popular e criação de novos lugares de aprendizado (além das escolas, os centros de saúde e os lares); merenda escolar e outras alternativas de alimentação nas escolas; e diagnósticos referentes ao conteúdo e à forma da alimentação dos operários. Traduzidas em discurso técnico-científicos, as propostas e políticas implementadas na cidade deixaram indícios em documentação de suporte e tipologia variados (fotografias, cartilhas, cartazes, cadernetas de inquéritos e textos acadêmicos).Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

INQUÉRITO SOROLÓGICO SOBRE DOENÇA DE CHAGAS E LEISHMANIOSE EM ADULTOS RESIDENTES NA ILHA DE SÃO LUIZ (MA)

De 373 indivíduos de faixa etária entre 17 e 56 anos, residentes na Ilha de São Luís - Maranhão, Brasil foram coletadas amostras de soros aleatoriamente, onde evidenciou-se 17 (4,5%) reagentes para Doenças de Chagas e 17 (4,5%) e 4 (1%) reagentes respectivamente para Doenças de Chagas e Leishmaniose pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI). Discute-se a importância epidemiológíca dos resultados obtidos

TOXOPLASMOSE NA ILHA DE SÃO LUÍS — ESTADO DO MARANHÃO — BRASIL

Realizou-se estudo da produção de anticorpos para íoxoplasmose em 373 amostras de sorocoletadas aleatoriamente de doadores de sangue de um Banco de Sangue localizado na Ilha de SãoLuís - Maranhão, através da reação de imunofluorescência indíreta. Verificou-se 118 (31,6%) amostrascom títulos positivos > 1:32, para toxoplasmose. Discute-se aspectos ímunodiagn os ticos,epidemiológicos e sanitários com ênfase à realização de inquérito regional

Guidelines for the management of neuroendocrine tumours by the Brazilian gastrointestinal tumour group

Neuroendocrine tumours are a heterogeneous group of diseases with a significant variety of diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. Guidelines were developed by North American and European groups to recommend their best management. However, local particularities and relativisms found worldwide led us to create Brazilian guidelines. Our consensus considered the best feasible strategies in an environment involving more limited resources. We believe that our recommendations may be extended to other countries with similar economic standards.Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Canc Estado Sao Paulo, BR-01246000 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Radiol & Oncol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Sirio Libanes, BR-01308050 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Moinhos de Vento Porto Alegre, BR-90035000 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilOncoctr, BR-30360680 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Cirurgia, BR-90040060 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Clin Porto Alegre, BR-90035903 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fac Med, Dept Fisiol & Farmacol, BR-60020180 Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilHosp Univ Walter Cantidio, BR-60430370 Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilInst Nacl Canc, BR-20230240 Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Disciplina Endocrinol & Metabol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, BrazilAC Camargo Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, BR-01509010 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Gastroenterol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, BR-90050170 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Albert Einstein, BR-05652900 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Base, Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BR-15090000 Sao Paulo, BrazilSanta Casa Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BR-15025500 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, BrazilPontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Hosp Erasto Gaertner, BR-81520060 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Norte, BR-59300000 Natal, RN, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Coracao, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo, BrazilAC Camargo Canc Ctr, Med Oncol, BR-01509010 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Gastroenterol, BR-04021001 Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Sao Rafael, BR-41253190 Salvador, BA, BrazilHosp Canc Barretos, Dept Cirurgia Aparelho Digest Alto & Hepatobiliop, BR-14784400 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Patol, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, BrazilClin AMO, BR-1950640 Salvador, BA, BrazilHosp Sao Jose, BR-01323001 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Nove de Julho, BR-02111030 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Gastroenterol, BR-04021001 Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Renal function evaluation in patients with American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis after specific treatment with pentavalent antimonial

Background\ud Renal evaluation studies are rare in American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL). The aim of this study is to investigate whether specific treatment reverts ACL-associated renal dysfunction.\ud \ud Methods\ud A prospective study was conducted with 37 patients with ACL. Urinary concentrating and acidification ability was assessed before and after treatment with pentavalent antimonial.\ud \ud Results\ud The patients mean age was 35.6 ± 12 years and 19 were male. Before treatment, urinary concentrating defect (U/Posm <2.8) was identified in 27 patients (77%) and urinary acidification defect in 17 patients (46%). No significant glomerular dysfunction was observed before and after specific ACL treatment. There was no reversion of urinary concentrating defects, being observed in 77% of the patients before and in 88% after treatment (p = 0.344). Urinary acidification defect was corrected in 9 patients after treatment, reducing its prevalence from 40% before to only 16% after treament, (p = 0.012). Microalbuminuria higher than 30 mg/g was found in 35% of patients before treatment and in only 8% after treatment. Regarding fractional excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, there was no significant difference between pre and post-treatment period.\ud \ud Conclusion\ud As previously described, urinary concentrating and acidification defects were found in an important number of patients with ACL. Present results demonstrate that only some patients recover urinary acidification capacity, while no one returned to normal urinary concentration capacity.This research was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The desmopressin acetate was provided by Ferring of Brazil

Renal function evaluation in patients with American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis after specific treatment with pentavalent antimonial

Background\ud Renal evaluation studies are rare in American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL). The aim of this study is to investigate whether specific treatment reverts ACL-associated renal dysfunction.\ud \ud Methods\ud A prospective study was conducted with 37 patients with ACL. Urinary concentrating and acidification ability was assessed before and after treatment with pentavalent antimonial.\ud \ud Results\ud The patients mean age was 35.6 ± 12 years and 19 were male. Before treatment, urinary concentrating defect (U/Posm <2.8) was identified in 27 patients (77%) and urinary acidification defect in 17 patients (46%). No significant glomerular dysfunction was observed before and after specific ACL treatment. There was no reversion of urinary concentrating defects, being observed in 77% of the patients before and in 88% after treatment (p = 0.344). Urinary acidification defect was corrected in 9 patients after treatment, reducing its prevalence from 40% before to only 16% after treament, (p = 0.012). Microalbuminuria higher than 30 mg/g was found in 35% of patients before treatment and in only 8% after treatment. Regarding fractional excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, there was no significant difference between pre and post-treatment period.\ud \ud Conclusion\ud As previously described, urinary concentrating and acidification defects were found in an important number of patients with ACL. Present results demonstrate that only some patients recover urinary acidification capacity, while no one returned to normal urinary concentration capacity.This research was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The desmopressin acetate was provided by Ferring of Brazil

Long-Lasting Efficacy of Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer Neuromodulation Treatment on Functional Dysmetria, an Adaptive Motor Behavior

BackgroundFluctuating asymmetry (FA) is widely defined as the deviation from perfect bilateral symmetry and is considered an epigenetic measure of environmental stress. Rinaldi and Fontani hypothesized that the FA morpho-functional changes originate from an adaptive motor behavior determined by functional alterations in the cerebellum and neural circuits, not caused by a lesion, but induced by environmental stress. They called this phenomenon functional dysmetria (FD). On this premise, they developed the radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology, a neuromodulation technology aimed at optimizing the best neuro-psycho-motor strategies in relation to environmental interaction.AimsPrevious studies showed that specific REAC neuro postural optimization (NPO) treatment can induce stable FD recovery. This study aimed to verify the duration of the NPO effect in inducing the stable FD recovery over timeMaterials and methodsData were retrospectively collected from a population of 29,794 subjects who underwent a specific semiological FD assessment and received the NPO treatment, regardless of the pathology referred.ResultsThe analysis of the data collected by the various participants in the study led us to ascertain the disappearance of FD in 100% of the cases treated, with a stability of the result detected up to 18 years after the single administration of the REAC NPO treatment.ConclusionsThe REAC NPO neurobiological modulation treatment consisting of a single administration surprisingly maintains a very long efficacy in the correction of FD. This effect can be explained as the long-lasting capacity of the NPO treatment to induce greater functional efficiency of the brain dynamics as proven in previous studies