Diode Green Laser in the Lid Trichiasis Treatment

Purpose: To validate the standard values and evaluate the success rate in the treatment of minor and major trichiasis using thermoablation with a diode green laser. Methods: In this interventional prospective study, individuals with minor or major trichiasis who were treated with thermoablation using diode green laser were included. The patients’ mean age was 72.1 years; the majority were females (54.1%) and Caucasian (98%). The parameters of the diode laser were wavelength of 532 nm, application time of 200 ms, target size of 50 μm, interval between the shots 150 to 200 ms, and power of 600 to 750 mW. The number of shots was defined by the depth of ablation sufficient to reach the pilus hair bulb. The patients were evaluated by slit-lamp every 3 to 4 months, for up to 15 months. The treatment success rate and the association between variables were analyzed. Results: The study sample was comprised of 98 patients with 135 affected lids and 337 lashes with trichiasis. Minor trichiasis (91.8%), unilateral trichiasis (67.3%), trichiasis affecting the lower eyelid (85.9%), and trichiasis resulting from blepharitis (64.3%) were the most common presentation profiles. The overall cure rate at the end of the study was 85%, with 69% being cured with a single session and 82.8% with two treatment sessions. Conclusion: Thermoablation using a diode green laser applying the specified parameters to treat minor and major trichiasis is effective and results in high cure rate

Effects of adding load to the gait of children with cerebral palsy: a three-case report

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los efectos inmediatos del entrenamiento locomotor en la estera con diferentes cargas, sobre los parámetros cinemáticos de la marcha de niños con parálisis cerebral hemipléjica espástica (PCHE), e investigar cómo la carga promueve respuestas motoras más adecuadas para favorecer la propulsión del Miembro Inferior Parético (MIP). Participaron de este caso, 3 niños de ambos sexos, con edades de 8-12 años. Los niños realizaron entrenamiento en la estera rodante con carga en los tobillos equivalente a 40, 50 y 60% del peso de la miembro (MI), en 3 días distintos y no consecutivos. Los parámetros cinemáticos fueron evaluados en las fases de pre entrenamiento (FPT), e inmediatamente después del entrenamiento (FI). Las variables espacio-temporales no cambiaron inmediatamente después del ejercicio de marcha con carga. Sin embargo, fue observado aumento de los ángulos articulares de la cadera y la rodilla durante la fase de balanceo inmediatamente después del entrenamiento, especialmente con carga de 60% del peso de la extremidad inferior. Estos resultados indican que la carga de 60% es la más apropiada para solicitar cambios inmediatos en la cinemática articular del MIP. Tales cambios pueden ser importantes para fomentar la propulsión durante la fase de balanceo de la marcha de niños con PCHE.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos imediatos do treino locomotor na esteira com diferentes cargas, sobre os parâmetros cinemáticos da marcha de crianças com Paralisia Cerebral Hemiparética Espástica (PCHE), e investigar qual carga promove repostas motoras mais adequadas para favorecer a propulsão do Membro Inferior Parético (MIP). Participaram deste relato de caso 3 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades de 8-12 anos. As crianças realizaram treino na esteira com carga nos tornozelos equivalentes a 40, 50 e 60% do peso do Membro Inferior (MI), em 3 dias diferentes e não consecutivos. Os parâmetros cinemáticos foram avaliados nas fases pré-treinamento (FPT) e imediatamente após o treino (FI). As variáveis espaço-temporais não sofreram alterações imediatamente após o treino de marcha com carga. Por outro lado, foi observado aumento dos ângulos articulares de quadril e joelho durante a fase de balanço imediatamente após o treino, principalmente com carga de 60% do peso do membro inferior. Estes achados indicam que a carga de 60% seja a mais apropriada para solicitar alterações imediatas na cinemática articular do MIP. Tais alterações podem ser importantes para favorecer a propulsão durante a fase de balanço da marcha de crianças com PCHE.Our purpose in this study was to analyze the immediate effects of locomotor gait training with different loads on a treadmill on the kinematic parameters of gait in children with Spastic Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy (SHCP), as well as investigating which load prompted the most adequate motor responses to promote the propulsion of the Paretic Lower Limb (PLL). This case report included 3 children of both sexes, aged 8-12 years. The children walked on the treadmill with loads on their ankles that corresponded to 40, 50 and 60% of the weight of the Lower Limb (LL), on 3 different non-consecutive days. The kinematic parameters were assessed during the pre-training phase (PTPH) and immediately after training (PHI). The spatiotemporal variables did not change immediately after gait training with the aforementioned loads. On the other hand, we observed wider joint angles in the hip and knee during the swing phase immediately after training, especially with a load of 60% of the weight of the lower limb. These findings indicate that the 60% load is the most appropriate to prompt immediate changes in the joint kinematics of the PLL. These alterations can be important in improving propulsion during the swing phase of gait in children with SHCP

ASSOCIAÇÃO DO CARCINOMA PAPILÍFERO DE TIREÓIDE E TIREOIDITE DE HASHIMOTO

RESUMO: Este relato de caso pretende mostrar a relação entre Carcinoma Papilar da Tireóide (CPT) e Tireoidite de Hashimoto (TH) ocorrendo em uma mulher jovem, uma vez que representam os tipos de tumor mais comuns da tireóide e as principais causas de hipotireoidismo respectivamente e ambos são de ocorrência mais comum em mulheres. Acredita-se que haja um background genético comum em relação ao CPT e a TH. Levanta-se a questão acerca da necessidade de atenção no manejo de pacientes com TH.ASSOCIATION OF PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA AND HASHIMOTOThis case report intents to show the relationship between Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) and Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) occurring in a young woman as they are the most common neoplasm and the main cause for hypothyroidism respectively and both are more commonly to occur in women. It is believed that there is a genetic background concerned to PTC and HT. It issues the need of attention while managing patients with HT.Keywords: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid

Frações de carbono orgânico de um latossolo húmico sob diferentes usos no agreste brasileiro

A substituição de ecossistemas naturais por cultivos agrícolas geralmente resulta em alterações na quantidade e qualidade da matéria orgânica do solo. A magnitude dessas mudanças varia de acordo com as propriedades originais do solo, o clima, a cultura implantada e o manejo adotado. O carbono (C) orgânico do solo, muitas vezes, não tem sido sensível a essas mudanças, razão pela qual a distribuição de suas diferentes frações vem sendo utilizada para avaliar melhor a qualidade da matéria orgânica do solo. Com o objetivo de avaliar alterações das frações de C orgânico de um Latossolo húmico submetido a diferentes usos, foram coletadas amostras de solos de cinco ambientes (mata nativa, capoeira submetida a queimadas esporádicas, pasto com 30 anos, pasto com 25 anos e culturas de ciclo curto), em quatro profundidades (0,0-2,5; 2,5-5,0; 5,0-7,5; e 7,5-10,0 cm). O uso do solo com pasto por 25 anos e culturas de ciclo curto proporcionaram maiores reduções no teor de C orgânico, principalmente na camada de 0,0-2,5 cm. Nessas áreas, o C da biomassa microbiana e o C orgânico solúvel em água foram mais sensíveis à mudança de manejo. A área com pasto por 30 anos apresentou valores superiores de ácidos fúlvicos, húmicos e humina que a área sob pasto por 25 anos, em todas as profundidades avaliadas

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq