The Role of Tour Guides as Brokers in Tourism Industry (The Importance of Communication Capital in Shaping Structural Holes in Communication Network)

Tour guides as intermediaries or brokers in tourism industry, play important role in controlling the flow of information, forming structural holes in communication network. Thus a guide has to maximize his capital potentials, either those he possesses or those that he does not, especially communication capital. This paper is aimed at understanding the effect of utilizing the communication capital in order to form structural holes in communication network. This causal relationship will be developed into a new model of analysis of various concepts of capitals as elements forming communication capital, as well as its influence to structural hole theory. The data are obtained by conducting literature review of communication network analysis frameworks. It is concluded in a path analysis model which put financial capital, human capital, social capital, and communication capital as exogenous variables affecting the structural hole as endogenous variable. This model will help tour guides to manage information of tourism products in structural holes. However, this model should be examined deeper in the next researches.     Keywords: intermediaries, tourism industry, structural hole, communication network, communication capita

Using Fear as Persuasive Messages Strategy in Advertising for Road Safety

Fear strategy has been widely used to approach and persuade the target audience in various road safety campaign messages in Indonesia. However, the factor of how the message perceived by each individual gives a challenge to the effectiveness of this strategy. This thesis examined the influence of perceiving of fear strategy messages in Korlantas Polri road safety advertisements, which aim to motivate younger audience using its resonances. The causal relationship between the strategy and how the message perceived was analyzed using the EPPM model (extended parallel process model) using path analysis. The data collection carried out on 85 privatevocational high school (SMK) students using the one-shot case study experiment design. The results showed that the perceived threats from the advertisement impacts and motivates the students to follow the recommendations from advertising messages, as mediated by an efficacy message. This only found in a group of students who have the resonance, while the other group who did not have the resonance can only be influenced by the message of efficacy

Public Attention and Financial Information as Determinants of Firms Performance in the Telecommunication Sector

The remarkable progress of information technology had driven every firm to publish their financial performanceby using internet. This circumstance resulted in the high public attention in order to generate the stockreturn. In addition, financial information such as financial ratio namely DER, LEV, NPM, ROI, and ROEwere supposed to influence the firm\u27s performance either in positive or negative effects. This study focused onthe investigation of public attention (PA) and financial information as determinants of financial performanceon four companies in Telecommunication sector, Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), within time period from2007 to 2012. Hereby, we pointed out that public attention and financial information considerably contributeto firm performance, in which the Pooled Least Square (EGLS) with cross section and period weight wasemployed. The results showed that Public Attention (PA) positively contributed towards stock return. Further,financial ratio such as debt-to-equity ratio (DER) negatively influenced the return. Leverage (LEV), net profitmargin (NPM) and return on investment (ROI) positively related to return. However, return on equity (ROE)showed the contrary sign, in which it negatively influenced the return but was statistically insignificant. Then,we reported that the stock price (LNSP) did not significantly contribute towards return (RET)

How much is the indoor comfort of a residential building worth? A discrete choice experiment

Generally, people spend most of their time indoors, and the COVID-19 pandemic has further increased the amount of time people spent at home, owing to the widespread adoption of remote work. Consequently, there has been a heightened interest in indoor comfort, including thermal, visual, and acoustic comfort and indoor air quality. This interest has prompted a need to understand the economic value of each aspect of indoor comfort. To address this, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was performed to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for advanced technological solutions that provide greater comfort than basic solutions in residential housing. The research showed a significant WTP for all aspects of comfort, with the greatest appreciation for thermal comfort. Additionally, the WTP for each aspect of comfort was greater than the additional costs required to implement advanced technological solutions to enable the desired comfort. The findings demonstrated that the sample population, mostly comprising people under the age of forty, was highly sensitive to comfort considerations and the related benefits derived from energy-efficient solutions. Specifically, comparing the WTP of the different aspect of comfort and the total one identified, the following relative importance was found: 51 % for thermal comfort (WTP = 377.94 EUR/m2); 22 % for visual comfort (WTP = 166.83 EUR/m2); 16 % for acoustic comfort (WTP = 119.60 EUR/m2) and 11 % for indoor air quality (WTP = 79.21 EUR/m2). These motivations can guide future decision-making and designers in the building market

A unified approach to simulate the creep-fatigue crack growth in P91 steel at elevated temperature under SSY and SSC conditions

The Finite Element (FE) model of a Compact Tension C(T) specimen, made of P91 steel with different values of loading conditions and holding times, has been chosen for simulating the creep-fatigue crack propagation in high temperature (625 degrees C). Two FE-based commercial software have been used considering both the Small-Scale Yielding (SSY) and the Small-Scale Creep conditions (SSC) so that Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) properties and the C(t) integral have been used to perform the numerical simulations of creep-fatigue crack propagation. Hence, the elastic-plastic material behaviour of P91 steel has been modelled by means of the Ramberg-Osgood equation while the creep behaviour has been modelled with the Norton's model. To calculate numerically the crack growth rates for the creep-fatigue crack propagation, a modified version of the UniGrow model has been adopted also considering the creep-fatigue interaction. Finally, numerical and the experimental results available in the literature have been compared with each other. This work presents a general methodology for the simulation of the creep-fatigue phenomenon. The method can also be applied to structural components with complex geometry and challenging load conditions

Brittle failure of inclined key-hole notches in isostatic graphite under in-plane mixed mode loading

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Identifikasi Permasalahan Komplain Pada E-Commerce Menggunakan Metode Fishbone

Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang semakin pesat menuntut manusia dan Perusahaan untuk memanfaatkannya sesuai dengan tujuan dan kebutuhan. Mengikuti tren dunia, di Indonesia belanja online juga semakin digemari, terbukti dari angka peningkatan jumlah pembeli online setiap tahunnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi masalah yang menyebabkan komplain. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara dengan exspert dari dua jenis e-commerce yaitu marketplace dan online retail. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis fishbone. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan 16 masalah yang menyebabkan komplain pada e-commerce. Implikasi penelitian ini digunakan untuk Perusahaan meningkatkan layanannya dan strategi untuk menangani komplain pelanggan

Morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of Isospora Schneider, 1881 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the western wattlebird Anthochaera lunulata Gould in Western Australia

A new coccidian species, Isospora lunulatae n. sp., from the western wattlebird Anthochaera lunulata Gould in Western Australia is described and characterised molecularly. Microscopic analysis of a faecal sample identified subspheroidal oöcysts measuring 27–34 × 26–31 (30.6 × 29.4) μm (n = 20), with a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.0–1.1 (1.0). Oöcysts have a bi-layered wall, 0.9–1.2 (1.0) μm thick; the outer layer is smooth, representing c.2/3 of total thickness. Micropyle and oöcyst residuum are both absent, but a polar granule is present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 17–19 × 10–12 (18.3 × 10.7) μm, with a L/W ratio of 1.6–1.8 (1.7) and occupying about 21% of the area (each one) within the oöcyst. Stieda body is flattened to rounded, measuring on average 0.9 × 1.8 μm; sub-Stieda body is rounded to rectangular, measuring on average 1.5 × 2.6 μm; para-Stieda body is absent. Sporocyst residuum has an irregular shape consisting of numerous granules and appears membrane-bound. Sporozoites are vermiform 12.8 × 3.0 μm on average, with prominent striations at the more pointed end and two refractile bodies below striations. Segments of three gene loci (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and cox1) were sequenced and I. lunulatae n. sp. exhibited 99.6% genetic similarity to Isospora phylidonyrisae Yang, Brice, Berto & Ryan, 2021 at the 18S rRNA gene locus, 99.8% genetic similarity to Isospora anthochaerae Yang, Brice & Ryan, 2014 and shared a 98.1% genetic similarity with Isospora manorinae Yang, Brice, Jian & Ryan, 2016 at the cox1 gene locus. Morphological and molecular data support the distinct species status of the new species

An Exploratory Study of Users’ Preference for Different Planting Combinations along Rural Greenways

The literature highlights the importance of vegetation to enhance the ecological and visual qualities of streets and paths; however, when studies specifically focus on rural greenways they do not consider users' assessments of the planting design. This exploratory study aims to contribute to this issue. It is hypothesized that planting combinations characterized by greater variety and aesthetic flow may be more preferred and restorative. To this end, four virtual scenarios simulating bikers moving along a greenway at 25 km/h were created to find out the following: first, what kind of planting combination is the most preferred, and second, which planting combination is perceived as the most restorative by bicycle riders. To assess the experience, subjects were administered a questionnaire made up of: (i) the Perceived Restorativeness Scale-11 with additional items to assess compatibility, familiarity, and preference; (ii) a list of physical and aesthetic attributes; and (iii) information on bicycle use. The results show that participants' preferences were a ffected by the perception of the scenario's restorative value, which was not given exclusively by the degree of naturalness, but by the opportunity the greenway o ffered to engage in social/physical activities. This study shows that preference and restorativeness are not a "simple" matter of quantity of vegetation, but of quality instead, i.e., planting variety. Designers have to consider that the restorative value of greenways is related to the opportunities they offer to engage in physical/social activities