Cool outflows in MaNGA:a systematic study and comparison to the warm phase

This paper investigates the neutral gas phase of galactic winds via the Na I D$\lambda\lambda 5890,5895${\AA} feature within $z \sim 0.04$ MaNGA galaxies, and directly compares their incidence and strength to the ionized winds detected within the same parent sample. We find evidence for neutral outflows in 127 galaxies ($\sim 5$ per cent of the analysed line-emitting sample). Na I D winds are preferentially seen in galaxies with dustier central regions and both wind phases are more often found in systems with elevated SFR surface densities, especially when there has been a recent upturn in the star formation activity according to the SFR$_{5Myr}$/SFR$_{800Myr}$ parameter. We find the ionized outflow kinematics to be in line with what we measure in the neutral phase. This demonstrates that, despite their small contributions to the total outflow mass budget, there is value to collecting empirical measurements of the ionized wind phase to provide information on the bulk motion in the outflow. Depending on dust corrections applied to the ionized gas diagnostics, the neutral phase has $\sim 1.2 - 1.8$ dex higher mass outflow rates ($\dot{M}_{out}$), on average, compared to the ionized phase. We quantify scaling relations between $\dot{M}_{out}$ and the strengths of the physical wind drivers (SFR, $L_{AGN}$). Using a radial-azimuthal stacking method, and by considering inclination dependencies, we find results consistent with biconical outflows orthogonal to the disk plane. Our work complements other multi-phase outflow studies in the literature which consider smaller samples, more extreme objects, or proceed via stacking of larger samples.Comment: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) following peer revie

Incidence, scaling relations and physical conditions of ionized gas outflows in MaNGA

In this work, we investigate the strength and impact of ionised gas outflows within $z \sim 0.04$ MaNGA galaxies. We find evidence for outflows in 322 galaxies ($12\%$ of the analysed line-emitting sample), 185 of which show evidence for AGN activity. Most outflows are centrally concentrated with a spatial extent that scales sublinearly with $R_{\rm e}$. The incidence of outflows is enhanced at higher masses, central surface densities and deeper gravitational potentials, as well as at higher SFR and AGN luminosity. We quantify strong correlations between mass outflow rates and the mechanical drivers of the outflow of the form $\dot{M}_{\rm out} \propto \rm SFR^{0.97}$ and $\dot{M}_{\rm out} \propto L_{\rm AGN}^{0.55}$. We derive a master scaling relation describing the mass outflow rate of ionised gas as a function of $M_{\star}$, SFR, $R_{\rm e}$ and $L_{\rm AGN}$. Most of the observed winds are anticipated to act as galactic fountains, with the fraction of galaxies with escaping winds increasing with decreasing potential well depth. We further investigate the physical properties of the outflowing gas finding evidence for enhanced attenuation in the outflow, possibly due to metal-enriched winds, and higher excitation compared to the gas in the galactic disk. Given that the majority of previous studies have focused on more extreme systems with higher SFRs and/or more luminous AGN, our study provides a unique view of the non-gravitational gaseous motions within `typical' galaxies in the low-redshift Universe, where low-luminosity AGN and star formation contribute jointly to the observed outflow phenomenology.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 27 pages, Fig 7 & 8 for scaling wind strength with drivers, Fig 10 for master scalin

MASCOT: an ESO-ARO legacy survey of molecular gas in nearby SDSS-MaNGA galaxies - I. First data release, and global and resolved relations between H<inf>2</inf>and stellar content

We present the first data release of the MaNGA-ARO Survey of CO Targets (MASCOT), an ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey conducted at the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). We measure the CO(1-0) line emission in a sample of 187 nearby galaxies selected from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey that has obtained integral field unit (IFU) spectroscopy for a sample of ~ 10,000 galaxies at low redshift. The main goal of MASCOT is to probe the molecular gas content of star-forming galaxies with stellar masses > 10^9.5 M_solar and with associated MaNGA IFU observations and well-constrained quantities like stellar masses, star formation rates and metallicities. In this paper we present the first results of the MASCOT survey, providing integrated CO(1-0) measurements that cover several effective radii of the galaxy and present CO luminosities, CO kinematics, and estimated H2 gas masses. We observe that the decline of galaxy star formation rate with respect to the star formation main sequence (SFMS) increases with the decrease of molecular gas and with a reduced star formation efficiency, in agreement with results of other integrated studies. Relating the molecular gas mass fractions with the slope of the stellar age gradients inferred from the MaNGA observations, we find that galaxies with lower molecular gas mass fractions tend to show older stellar populations close to the galactic center, while the opposite is true for galaxies with higher molecular gas mass fractions, providing tentative evidence for inside-out quenching

MASCOT: molecular gas depletion times and metallicity gradients – evidence for feedback in quenching active galaxies

We present results from the first public data release of the MaNGA-ARO Survey of CO Targets (MASCOT), focusing our study on galaxies whose star formation rates and stellar masses place them below the ridge of the star-forming main sequence. In optically selected type 2 AGN/low-ionization nuclear emission regions (LINERs)/Composites, we find an empirical relation between gas-phase metallicity gradients ∇Z and global molecular gas depletion times tdep=MH2/SFR with ‘more quenched’ systems showing flatter/positive gradients. Our results are based on the O3N2 metallicity diagnostic (applied to star-forming regions within a given galaxy), which was recently suggested to also be robust against emission by diffuse ionized gas (DIG) and LINERs. We conduct a systematic investigation into possible drivers of the observed ∇Z − tdep relation (ouflows, gas accretion, in situ star formation, mergers, and morphology). We find a strong relation between ∇Z or tdep and centralized outflow strength traced by the [O III] velocity broadening. We also find signatures of suppressed star formation in the outskirts in AGN-like galaxies with long depletion times and an enhancement of metals in the outer regions. We find no evidence of inflows impacting the metallicity gradients, and none of our results are found to be significantly affected by merger activity or morphology. We thus conclude that the observed ∇Z–tdep relation may stem from a combination of metal redistribution via weak feedback, and a connection to in situ star formation via a resolved mass-metallicity–SFR relation. © 2022 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.DW and CB are supported through the Emmy Noether Programme of the German Research Foundation. MA acknowledges support from FONDECYT grant 1211951, CONICYT + PCI + INSTITUTO MAX PLANCK DE ASTRONOMIA MPG190030, CONICYT+PCI + REDES 190194, and ANID BASAL project FB210003. WB acknowledges support from the ERC Advanced Grant 695671, ‘QUENCH’ and from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah.With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2021-001131-S).Peer reviewe

Search for Axionlike Particles Produced in e+e- Collisions at Belle II

© 2020 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article\u27s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3. We present a search for the direct production of a light pseudoscalar a decaying into two photons with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We search for the process e+e-→γa, a→γγ in the mass range 0.

Measurement of the integrated luminosity of the Phase 2 data of the Belle II experiment

© 2019 Chinese Physical Society and the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing Ltd. From April to July 2018, a data sample at the peak energy of the γ(4S) resonance was collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider. This is the first data sample of the Belle II experiment. Using Bhabha and digamma events, we measure the integrated luminosity of the data sample to be (496.3 ± 0.3 ± 3.0) pb-1, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This work provides a basis for future luminosity measurements at Belle II

An introductory view on archaeoastronomy

Archaeoastronomy is still a marginalised topic in academia and is described by the Sophia Centre, the only UK institution offering a broader MA containing this field, as ‘the study of the incorporation of celestial orientation, alignments or symbolism in human monuments and architecture’. By many it is associated with investigating prehistoric monuments such as Stonehenge and combining astronomy and archaeology. The following will show that archaeoastronomy is far more than just an interdisciplinary field linking archaeology and astronomy. It merges aspects of anthropology, ethno-astronomy and even educational research, and is possibly better described as cultural astronomy. In the past decades it has stepped away from its quite speculative beginnings that have led to its complete rejection by the archaeology community. Overcoming these challenges it embraced full heartedly solid scientific and statistical methodology and achieved more credibility. However, in recent times the humanistic influences of a cultural context motivate a new generation of archaeoastronomers that are modernising this subject; and humanists might find it better described as post-modern archaeoastronomy embracing the pluralism of today’s academic approach to landscape and ancient people

Belle II Executive Summary

Belle II is a Super $B$ Factory experiment, expected to record 50 ab$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collisions at the SuperKEKB accelerator over the next decade. The large samples of $B$ mesons, charm hadrons, and tau leptons produced in the clean experimental environment of $e^+e^-$ collisions will provide the basis of a broad and unique flavor-physics program. Belle II will pursue physics beyond the Standard Model in many ways, for example: improving the precision of weak interaction parameters, particularly Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements and phases, and thus more rigorously test the CKM paradigm, measuring lepton-flavor-violating parameters, and performing unique searches for missing-mass dark matter events. Many key measurements will be made with world-leading precision.Comment: 7 pages, to be submitted to the "Rare and Precision Measurements Frontier" of the APS DPF Community Planning Exercise Snowmass 202

Search for Axionlike Particles Produced in e⁺ e⁻ Collisions at Belle II

International audienceWe present a search for the direct production of a light pseudoscalar a decaying into two photons with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We search for the process e+e-→γa, a→γγ in the mass range 0.2

Search for Axionlike Particles Produced in e+e- Collisions at Belle II

We present a search for the direct production of a light pseudoscalar a decaying into two photons with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We search for the process e+e-→γa, a→γγ in the mass range 0.2<9.7 GeV/c2 using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of (445±3) pb-1. Light pseudoscalars interacting predominantly with standard model gauge bosons (so-called axionlike particles or ALPs) are frequently postulated in extensions of the standard model. We find no evidence for ALPs and set 95% confidence level upper limits on the coupling strength gaγγ of ALPs to photons at the level of 10-3 GeV-1. The limits are the most restrictive to date for 0.2<1 GeV/c2