Diseño curricular para la construcción de una cultura de paz

This investigation had as purpose from the analysis of the contributions of sciences of the conduct, pedagogical and spiritual, to apply a curricular design for the development of competitions  in the educational one like mediator of a culture of peace in the classroom. study was descriptive, of action-reflection-intervention in the modality of study of case with application of tests you diagnose, observation log, shootings, psicoterapéuticas interviews, techniques and factories, considering the analysis units: documents and   students. The population was represented by the students of the Elective I: mention Sciences and Technology of the Education. The results revealed that educational as mediating of a peace culture must demonstrate competitions of knowing, doing, to coexist and to be; in the field of the Neurolingüística; conflict mediation; familiar constellations; psiconeuroimunología; support psycotherapy; intelligence  interpersonal, emotional and naturista; abilities for the negotiation and cooperation; responsibility, respect, discipline, honesty, gratitude, coherence, empathy, spiritual development,  faith and nonviolence.Esta investigación tuvo como finalidad a partir del análisis de los aportes de las ciencias de la conducta, pedagógicas y espirituales, aplicar un diseño curricular para el desarrollo de competencias en el docente como mediador de una cultura de paz en el aula. El estudio fue descriptivo, de acción-reflexión-intervención en la modalidad de estudio de caso con aplicación de pruebas diagnósticas, registro de observaciones, filmaciones, entrevistas, técnicas psicoterapéuticas y talleres, considerando las unidades de análisis: documentos y alumnos. La población fue representada por los estudiantes de la Electiva I: mención Ciencias y Tecnología de la Educación. Los resultados desvelaron que el docente como mediador de una cultura de paz debe demostrar competencias del conocer, hacer, convivir y ser; en el campo de la Neurolingüística; mediación de conflicto; constelaciones familiares; psiconeuroimunología; psicoterapia de apoyo; inteligencia interpersonal, emocional y naturista; habilidades para la negociación y cooperación; responsabilidad, respeto, disciplina, honestidad, gratitud, coherencia, empatía, desarrollo espiritualfe y no violencia

Monitoring of physical-chemical and microbiological changes in fresh pork meat under cold storage by means of a potentiometric electronic tongue

This work describes the correlation found along 10 days between potentiometric measurements obtained by using an electronic tongue and the variation in certain physicochemical, microbial and biochemical parameters measured on a whole piece of pork loin stored under refrigeration. The electronic tongue consists of a set of six electrodes made of Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn and C, and a reference electrode. Through the use of various multivariate analysis techniques, such as: PCA and two types of artificial neural networks (i.e. multilayer perceptron (MLP) and fuzzy ARTMAP) it was found that it is possible to determine the time elapsed in relation to the degradation of the loin by using simple potentiometric measurements. Additionally, in the same pork sample used to measure redox potentials with the electronic tongue, the following parameters were also determined; pH, microbial count, concentrations of inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP), inosine (Ino) and hypoxanthine (Hx). Through the use of PLS analysis, it was found a rather good correlation between pH and the potentiometric data. Also a remarkable correlation was observed between the measures carried out with the electronic tongue and the so-called K-index that simultaneously measures the variation in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) degradation products. These results suggest that this simple, or a similar electronic tongue, could be useful for the undemanding qualitative or semi-quantitative evaluation of freshness in meat samples in a wide range of situations. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.We would like to thanks the Spanish Government for support (Project CTQ2006-15456-C04-01/BQU and AGL2007-65379-C02-01 and 02/ALI). This work has been partially carried out under Associated Unit framework between IIAD (UPV) and IATA (CSIC).Gil Sánchez, L.; Barat Baviera, JM.; Baigts Allende, DK.; Martínez Mañez, R.; Soto Camino, J.; García Breijo, E.; Aristoy Albert, MC.... (2011). Monitoring of physical-chemical and microbiological changes in fresh pork meat under cold storage by means of a potentiometric electronic tongue. Food Chemistry. 126(3):1261-1268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.054S12611268126

Monitoring of chicken meat freshness by means of a colorimetric sensor array

A new optoelectronic nose to monitor chicken meat ageing has been developed. It is based on 16 pigments prepared by the incorporation of different dyes (pH indicators, Lewis acids, hydrogenbonding derivatives, selective probes and natural dyes) into inorganic materials (UVM-7, silica and alumina). The colour changes of the sensor array were characteristic of chicken ageing in a modi¿ed packaging atmosphere (30% CO2¿70% N2). The chromogenic array data were processed with qualitative (PCA) and quantitative (PLS) tools. The PCA statistical analysis showed a high degree of dispersion, with nine dimensions required to explain 95% of variance. Despite this high dimensionality, a tridimensional representation of the three principal components was able to differentiate ageing with 2-day intervals. Moreover, the PLS statistical analysis allows the creation of a model to correlate the chromogenic data with chicken meat ageing. The model offers a PLS prediction model for ageing with values of 0.9937, 0.0389 and 0.994 for the slope, the intercept and the regression coef¿cient, respectively, and is in agreement with the perfect ¿t between the predicted and measured values observed. The results suggest the feasibility of this system to help develop optoelectronic noses that monitor food freshness.Salinas Soler, Y.; Ros-Lis, JV.; Vivancos, J.; Martínez Mañez, R.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Aucejo Romero, S.; Herranz, N.... (2012). Monitoring of chicken meat freshness by means of a colorimetric sensor array. Analyst. 137(16):3635-3643. doi:10.1039/C2AN35211GS3635364313716Anang, D. M., Rusul, G., Ling, F. H., & Bhat, R. (2010). Inhibitory effects of lactic acid and lauricidin on spoilage organisms of chicken breast during storage at chilled temperature. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 144(1), 152-159. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.09.014HINTON, A., & INGRAM, K. D. (2005). Microbicidal Activity of Tripotassium Phosphate and Fatty Acids toward Spoilage and Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Poultry. Journal of Food Protection, 68(7), 1462-1466. doi:10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1462Jeremiah, L. . (2001). Packaging alternatives to deliver fresh meats using short- or long-term distribution. Food Research International, 34(9), 749-772. doi:10.1016/s0963-9969(01)00096-5Ellis, D. I., & Goodacre, R. (2001). Rapid and quantitative detection of the microbial spoilage of muscle foods: current status and future trends. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 12(11), 414-424. doi:10.1016/s0924-2244(02)00019-5Vinci, G., & Antonelli, M. . (2002). Biogenic amines: quality index of freshness in red and white meat. Food Control, 13(8), 519-524. doi:10.1016/s0956-7135(02)00031-2Lovestead, T. M., & Bruno, T. J. (2010). Detection of poultry spoilage markers from headspace analysis with cryoadsorption on a short alumina PLOT column. Food Chemistry, 121(4), 1274-1282. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.044Bota, G. M., & Harrington, P. B. (2006). Direct detection of trimethylamine in meat food products using ion mobility spectrometry. Talanta, 68(3), 629-635. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2005.05.001Grau, R., Sánchez, A. J., Girón, J., Iborra, E., Fuentes, A., & Barat, J. M. (2011). Nondestructive assessment of freshness in packaged sliced chicken breasts using SW-NIR spectroscopy. Food Research International, 44(1), 331-337. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2010.10.011Sahar, A., Boubellouta, T., & Dufour, É. (2011). Synchronous front-face fluorescence spectroscopy as a promising tool for the rapid determination of spoilage bacteria on chicken breast fillet. Food Research International, 44(1), 471-480. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2010.09.006Lin, M., Al-Holy, M., Mousavi-Hesary, M., Al-Qadiri, H., Cavinato, A. G., & Rasco, B. A. (2004). Rapid and quantitative detection of the microbial spoilage in chicken meat by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (600-1100 nm). Letters in Applied Microbiology, 39(2), 148-155. doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.2004.01546.xMartínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2003). Fluorogenic and Chromogenic Chemosensors and Reagents for Anions. Chemical Reviews, 103(11), 4419-4476. doi:10.1021/cr010421eAmendola, V., Fabbrizzi, L., & Mosca, L. (2010). Anion recognition by hydrogen bonding: urea-based receptors. Chemical Society Reviews, 39(10), 3889. doi:10.1039/b822552bQuang, D. T., & Kim, J. S. (2010). Fluoro- and Chromogenic Chemodosimeters for Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Solution and Biospecimens. Chemical Reviews, 110(10), 6280-6301. doi:10.1021/cr100154pAmendola, V., Bonizzoni, M., Esteban-Gómez, D., Fabbrizzi, L., Licchelli, M., Sancenón, F., & Taglietti, A. (2006). Some guidelines for the design of anion receptors. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 250(11-12), 1451-1470. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2006.01.006Chen, X., Zhou, Y., Peng, X., & Yoon, J. (2010). Fluorescent and colorimetric probes for detection of thiols. Chemical Society Reviews, 39(6), 2120. doi:10.1039/b925092aMohr, G. J. (2006). New chromogenic and fluorogenic reagents and sensors for neutral and ionic analytes based on covalent bond formation–a review of recent developments. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 386(5), 1201-1214. doi:10.1007/s00216-006-0647-3Kerry, J. P., O’Grady, M. N., & Hogan, S. A. (2006). Past, current and potential utilisation of active and intelligent packaging systems for meat and muscle-based products: A review. Meat Science, 74(1), 113-130. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.04.024Rakow, N. A., & Suslick, K. S. (2000). A colorimetric sensor array for odour visualization. Nature, 406(6797), 710-713. doi:10.1038/35021028Lim, S. H., Kemling, J. W., Feng, L., & Suslick, K. S. (2009). A colorimetric sensor array of porous pigments. The Analyst, 134(12), 2453. doi:10.1039/b916571aPalacios, M. A., Nishiyabu, R., Marquez, M., & Anzenbacher, P. (2007). Supramolecular Chemistry Approach to the Design of a High-Resolution Sensor Array for Multianion Detection in Water. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 129(24), 7538-7544. doi:10.1021/ja0704784Wu, Y., Na, N., Zhang, S., Wang, X., Liu, D., & Zhang, X. (2009). Discrimination and Identification of Flavors with Catalytic Nanomaterial-Based Optical Chemosensor Array. Analytical Chemistry, 81(3), 961-966. doi:10.1021/ac801733kJanzen, M. C., Ponder, J. B., Bailey, D. P., Ingison, C. K., & Suslick, K. S. (2006). Colorimetric Sensor Arrays for Volatile Organic Compounds. Analytical Chemistry, 78(11), 3591-3600. doi:10.1021/ac052111sSuslick, B. A., Feng, L., & Suslick, K. S. (2010). Discrimination of Complex Mixtures by a Colorimetric Sensor Array: Coffee Aromas. Analytical Chemistry, 82(5), 2067-2073. doi:10.1021/ac902823wHuang, X., Xin, J., & Zhao, J. (2011). A novel technique for rapid evaluation of fish freshness using colorimetric sensor array. Journal of Food Engineering, 105(4), 632-637. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.03.034Anzenbacher, Jr., P., Lubal, P., Buček, P., Palacios, M. A., & Kozelkova, M. E. (2010). A practical approach to optical cross-reactive sensor arrays. Chemical Society Reviews, 39(10), 3954. doi:10.1039/b926220mRos-Lis, J. V., García, B., Jiménez, D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., … Valldecabres, M. C. (2004). Squaraines as Fluoro−Chromogenic Probes for Thiol-Containing Compounds and Their Application to the Detection of Biorelevant Thiols. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126(13), 4064-4065. doi:10.1021/ja031987iRos-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Rurack, K., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., & Spieles, M. (2004). Highly Selective Chromogenic Signaling of Hg2+in Aqueous Media at Nanomolar Levels Employing a Squaraine-Based Reporter. Inorganic Chemistry, 43(17), 5183-5185. doi:10.1021/ic049422qRos-Lis, J. V., Marcos, M. D., Mártinez-Máñez, R., Rurack, K., & Soto, J. (2005). A Regenerative Chemodosimeter Based on Metal-Induced Dye Formation for the Highly Selective and Sensitive Optical Determination of Hg2+ Ions. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 44(28), 4405-4407. doi:10.1002/anie.200500583Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Soto, J. (2005). Colorimetric Signaling of Large Aromatic Hydrocarbons via the Enhancement of Aggregation Processes. Organic Letters, 7(12), 2337-2339. doi:10.1021/ol050564dCliment, E., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., Rurack, K., & Amorós, P. (2009). The Determination of Methylmercury in Real Samples Using Organically Capped Mesoporous Inorganic Materials Capable of Signal Amplification. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 48(45), 8519-8522. doi:10.1002/anie.200904243Ábalos, T., Jiménez, D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Ros-Lis, J. V., Royo, S., Sancenón, F., … Parra, M. (2009). Hg2+ and Cu2+ selective detection using a dual channel receptor based on thiopyrylium scaffoldings. Tetrahedron Letters, 50(27), 3885-3888. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.060Climent, E., Giménez, C., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., & Soto, J. (2011). Selective and sensitive chromo-fluorogenic sensing of anionic surfactants in water using functionalised silica nanoparticles. Chemical Communications, 47(24), 6873. doi:10.1039/c1cc11393cRoyo, S., Costero, A. M., Parra, M., Gil, S., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2011). Chromogenic, Specific Detection of the Nerve-Agent Mimic DCNP (a Tabun Mimic). Chemistry - A European Journal, 17(25), 6931-6934. doi:10.1002/chem.201100602García-Acosta, B., Comes, M., Bricks, J. L., Kudinova, M. A., Kurdyukov, V. V., Tolmachev, A. I., … Amorós, P. (2006). Sensory hybrid host materials for the selective chromo-fluorogenic detection of biogenic amines. Chem. Commun., (21), 2239-2241. doi:10.1039/b602497aSancenón, F., Descalzo, A. B., Martínez-Máñez, R., Miranda, M. A., & Soto, J. (2001). A Colorimetric ATP Sensor Based on 1,3,5-Triarylpent-2-en-1,5-diones. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 40(14), 2640-2643. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20010716)40:143.0.co;2-aEsteban, J., Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Moragues, M., Soto, J., & Sancenón, F. (2010). Sensitive and Selective Chromogenic Sensing of Carbon Monoxide by Using Binuclear Rhodium Complexes. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49(29), 4934-4937. doi:10.1002/anie.201001344Moragues, M. E., Esteban, J., Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Martínez, M., … Sancenón, F. (2011). Sensitive and Selective Chromogenic Sensing of Carbon Monoxide via Reversible Axial CO Coordination in Binuclear Rhodium Complexes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133(39), 15762-15772. doi:10.1021/ja206251rRos-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., Rurack, K., & Weißhoff, H. (2007). Signalling Mechanisms in Anion-Responsive Push-Pull Chromophores: The Hydrogen-Bonding, Deprotonation and Anion-Exchange Chemistry of Functionalized Azo Dyes. European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2007(15), 2449-2458. doi:10.1002/ejoc.200601111El Haskouri, J., Zárate, D. O. de, Guillem, C., Latorre, J., Caldés, M., Beltrán, A., … Amorós, P. (2002). Silica-based powders and monoliths with bimodal pore systemsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: UV–Vis spectrum of sample 3. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b1/b110883b/. Chemical Communications, (4), 330-331. doi:10.1039/b110883bDe Jong, S. (1993). SIMPLS: An alternative approach to partial least squares regression. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 18(3), 251-263. doi:10.1016/0169-7439(93)85002-xSmolander, M., Hurme, E., Latva-Kala, K., Luoma, T., Alakomi, H.-L., & Ahvenainen, R. (2002). Myoglobin-based indicators for the evaluation of freshness of unmarinated broiler cuts. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 3(3), 279-288. doi:10.1016/s1466-8564(02)00043-7Dainty, R. H. (1996). Chemical/biochemical detection of spoilage. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 33(1), 19-33. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(96)01137-3De Fernando, G. D. G., Nychas, G. J. E., Peck, M. W., & Ordóñez, J. A. (1995). Growth/survival of psychrotrophic pathogens on meat packaged under modified atmospheres. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 28(2), 221-231. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(95)00058-5Descalzo, A. B., Dolores Marcos, M., Monte, C., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Rurack, K. (2007). Mesoporous silica materials with covalently anchored phenoxazinone dyes as fluorescent hybrid materials for vapour sensing. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 17(44), 4716. doi:10.1039/b707473eDescalzo, A. B., Rurack, K., Weisshoff, H., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Amorós, P., … Soto, J. (2005). Rational Design of a Chromo- and Fluorogenic Hybrid Chemosensor Material for the Detection of Long-Chain Carboxylates. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 127(1), 184-200. doi:10.1021/ja045683nComes, M., Aznar, E., Moragues, M., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., … Amorós, P. (2009). Mesoporous Hybrid Materials Containing Nanoscopic «Binding Pockets» for Colorimetric Anion Signaling in Water by using Displacement Assays. Chemistry - A European Journal, 15(36), 9024-9033. doi:10.1002/chem.200900890Nychas, G.-J. E., & Tassou, C. C. (1997). Spoilage Processes and Proteolysis in Chicken as Detected by HPLC. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 74(2), 199-208. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199706)74:23.0.co;2-4Jiménez, S. M., Salsi, M. S., Tiburzi, M. C., Rafaghelli, R. C., Tessi, M. A., & Coutaz, V. R. (1997). Spoilage microflora in fresh chicken breast stored at 4 °C : influence of packaging methods. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 83(5), 613-618. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1997.00276.xDe Fernando, G. D. G., Nychas, G. J. E., Peck, M. W., & Ordóñez, J. A. (1995). Growth/survival of psychrotrophic pathogens on meat packaged under modified atmospheres. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 28(2), 221-231. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(95)00058-5BALAMATSIA, C., PATSIAS, A., KONTOMINAS, M., & SAVVAIDIS, I. (2007). Possible role of volatile amines as quality-indicating metabolites in modified atmosphere-packaged chicken fillets: Correlation with microbiological and sensory attributes. Food Chemistry, 104(4), 1622-1628. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.013Balamatsia, C. C., Paleologos, E. K., Kontominas, M. G., & Savvaidis, I. N. (2006). Correlation between microbial flora, sensory changes and biogenic amines formation in fresh chicken meat stored aerobically or under modified atmosphere packaging at 4 °C: possible role of biogenic amines as spoilage indicators. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 89(1), 9-17. doi:10.1007/s10482-005-9003-4Smolander, M., Hurme, E., Latva-Kala, K., Luoma, T., Alakomi, H.-L., & Ahvenainen, R. (2002). Myoglobin-based indicators for the evaluation of freshness of unmarinated broiler cuts. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 3(3), 279-288. doi:10.1016/s1466-8564(02)00043-7Dainty, R. H. (1996). Chemical/biochemical detection of spoilage. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 33(1), 19-33. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(96)01137-3Berrueta, L. A., Alonso-Salces, R. M., & Héberger, K. (2007). Supervised pattern recognition in food analysis. Journal of Chromatography A, 1158(1-2), 196-214. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.02