Translating English non-human subjects in agentive contexts : a closer look at Dutch

While subjects of transitive action verbs in English and Dutch are typically realized as human agents (see Comrie 1989), both languages also feature instances of nonhuman agents in subject position. However, Vandepitte and Hartsuiker (2011) have shown that there are fewer options in Dutch and that translation issues present themselves in cases where both languages do not overlap. This paper wants to document overlap and differences in terms of non-prototypical subject realization by focussing on the strategies that are used in Dutch translations of six actions verbs (give, demonstrate, show, suggest, offer and tell) in combination with non-human subjects. Results reveal that a fair share of non-human subjects are also translated as such in the target language. Other strategies include occasional humanization of the non-human source text subjects, reduction of valency patterns with reduced agentivity vis-a-vis the English source-text sentences and shifts in the mapping of semantic roles onto syntactic functions

Semigroups of valuations on local rings

In this paper the question of which semigroups are realizable as the semigroup of values attained on a Noetherian local ring which is dominated by a valuation is considered. We give some striking examples, indicating that there may be no constraints on the semigroup beyond those known classically.Comment: 19 page

Towards the continuum limit with quenched staggered quarks

We extend previous work on finite-size effects with dynamical staggered quarks to the quenched approximation. We again emphasize the large volume limit that is of interest for spectrum calculations which may hope to approach the experimental values. Relying on new calculations at $6/g^2=5.7$ and recent work with weaker couplings, we extrapolate to the continuum limit and find a nucleon to rho mass ratio in close agreement with the experimental value and the value obtained by extrapolations from calculations with Wilson quarks. Additional calculations that should be done to improve the reliability of the extrapolation are discussed.Comment: 3 pages, PostScript, Contribution to Lattice '9

Scale Determination Using the Static Potential with Two Dynamical Quark Flavors

We study the static potential using gauge configurations that include the effects of two flavors of dynamical Kogut-Susskind quarks. The configurations, generated by the MILC collaboration, and used to study the spectrum and heavy-light decay constants, cover a range $5.3 \le 6/g^2 \le 5.6$. There are at least four quark masses for each coupling studied. Determination of $r_0$ from the potential can be used to set a scale. This alternative scale is useful to study systematic errors on the spectrum and decay constants.Comment: LATTICE99(spectrum) - 3 pages, 4 figure

Optimal Payoffs under State-dependent Preferences

Most decision theories, including expected utility theory, rank dependent utility theory and cumulative prospect theory, assume that investors are only interested in the distribution of returns and not in the states of the economy in which income is received. Optimal payoffs have their lowest outcomes when the economy is in a downturn, and this feature is often at odds with the needs of many investors. We introduce a framework for portfolio selection within which state-dependent preferences can be accommodated. Specifically, we assume that investors care about the distribution of final wealth and its interaction with some benchmark. In this context, we are able to characterize optimal payoffs in explicit form. Furthermore, we extend the classical expected utility optimization problem of Merton to the state-dependent situation. Some applications in security design are discussed in detail and we also solve some stochastic extensions of the target probability optimization problem

Results on improved KS dynamical configurations: spectrum, decay constants, etc

The MILC Collaboration has been producing ensembles of lattice configurations with three dynamical flavors for the past few years. There are now results for three lattice spacings for a variety of light and strange quark masses, ranging down to $m_l=0.1 m_s$, where $m_s$ is the dynamical strange quark mass and $m_l$ is the common mass of the $u$ and $d$ quarks. Recently, the Fermilab, HPQCD, MILC and UKQCD collaborations have presented a summary of results obtained using these lattices. Compared with quenched results, these new calculations show great improvement in agreement with experiment. This talk addresses the technical improvements that make these calculations possible and provides additional details of calculations not presented in the initial summary. We demonstrate that a wide range of hadronic observables can now be calculated to 2--3% accuracy.Comment: 10 pages, 17 figures (16 in color), Lattice2003(plenary), Plenary talk presented at Lattice 2003, Tsukuba, Japan, July 15-19. Also presented at Lattice Hadron Physics workshop, Cairns, Australia, July 22-30, 200

Post-Newtonian and Numerical Calculations of the Gravitational Self-Force for Circular Orbits in the Schwarzschild Geometry

The problem of a compact binary system whose components move on circular orbits is addressed using two different approximation techniques in general relativity. The post-Newtonian (PN) approximation involves an expansion in powers of v/c<<1, and is most appropriate for small orbital velocities v. The perturbative self-force (SF) analysis requires an extreme mass ratio m1/m2<<1 for the components of the binary. A particular coordinate-invariant observable is determined as a function of the orbital frequency of the system using these two different approximations. The post-Newtonian calculation is pushed up to the third post-Newtonian (3PN) order. It involves the metric generated by two point particles and evaluated at the location of one of the particles. We regularize the divergent self-field of the particle by means of dimensional regularization. We show that the poles proportional to 1/(d-3) appearing in dimensional regularization at the 3PN order cancel out from the final gauge invariant observable. The 3PN analytical result, through first order in the mass ratio, and the numerical SF calculation are found to agree well. The consistency of this cross cultural comparison confirms the soundness of both approximations in describing compact binary systems. In particular, it provides an independent test of the very different regularization procedures invoked in the two approximation schemes.Comment: 36 pages, 3 figures; matches the published versio

High-Order Post-Newtonian Fit of the Gravitational Self-Force for Circular Orbits in the Schwarzschild Geometry

We continue a previous work on the comparison between the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation and the gravitational self-force (SF) analysis of circular orbits in a Schwarzschild background. We show that the numerical SF data contain physical information corresponding to extremely high PN approximations. We find that knowing analytically determined appropriate PN parameters helps tremendously in allowing the numerical data to be used to obtain higher order PN coefficients. Using standard PN theory we compute analytically the leading 4PN and the next-to-leading 5PN logarithmic terms in the conservative part of the dynamics of a compact binary system. The numerical perturbative SF results support well the analytic PN calculations through first order in the mass ratio, and are used to accurately measure the 4PN and 5PN non-logarithmic coefficients in a particular gauge invariant observable. Furthermore we are able to give estimates of higher order contributions up to the 7PN level. We also confirm with high precision the value of the 3PN coefficient. This interplay between PN and SF efforts is important for the synthesis of template waveforms of extreme mass ratio inspirals to be analysed by the space-based gravitational wave instrument LISA. Our work will also have an impact on efforts that combine numerical results in a quantitative analytical framework so as to generate complete inspiral waveforms for the ground-based detection of gravitational waves by instruments such as LIGO and Virgo.Comment: 32 pages, 2 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LONG DISTANCE LEARNING HOURS AND STRESS LEVEL OF UKWMS STUDENT DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit most countries in the world has forced most countries including Indonesia to adapt to this situation. One example of this adaptation is changing learning methods to distance learning. This learning method has a negative impact on students such as making students stressed. Stress itself is a condition that forces a person to react physically, psychologically and behaviorally to something that has never been experienced or faced and is considered to disturb him and make himself threatened.Objective: To determine the relationship between long distance learning hours and stress levels in UKWMS students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: This study is an observational analysis study with a cross sectional approach with a population of 4,050 active UKWMS students class 2018 and 2019. The method used for sampling in this study is non-probability sampling, namely purposive sampling and obtained 106 respondents. Data collection was carried out online using a google form which contained a questionnaire related to distance learning data and the DASS-42 questionnaire to measure the stress level of the respondents. The data obtained were then processed using the Spearman correlation test.Results: Students who took distance learning0.05).Conclusion: There is no relationship between long distance learning hours and stress levels.

Light hadron properties with improved staggered quarks

Preliminary results from simulations with 2+1 dynamical quark flavors at a lattice spacing of 0.09 fm are combined with earlier results at a=0.13 fm. We examine the approach to the continuum limit and investigate the dependence of the pseudoscalar masses and decay constants as the sea and valence quark masses are separately varied.Comment: Lattice2002(spectrum