Influence of deformation on the structure and mechanical and corrosion properties of high-nitrogen austenitic 07Kh16AG13M3 steel

The correlation has been studied between the structure of a high-nitrogen austenitic Cr-Mn-N steel formed in the process of combined hardening treatment, including cold plastic deformation (CPD), and its mechanical and corrosion properties. The structure and properties of commercial high-nitrogen (0.8% N) 07Kh16AG13M3 steel is analyzed after rolling by CPD and aging at 500 and 800°C. It is shown that CPD of the steel occurs by dislocation slip and deformation twinning. Deformation twinning and also high resistance of austenite to martensitic transformations at true strains of 0.2 and 0.4 determine the high plasticity of the steel. The contribution of the structure imperfection parameters to the broadening of the austenite lines during CPD is estimated by X-ray diffraction. The main hardening factor is stated to be lattice microdistortions. Transmission electron microscopy study shows that heating of the deformed steel to 500°C leads to the formation of the intermediate CrN phase by a homogeneous mechanism, and the intermtallic χ phase forms along the austenite grain boundaries in the case of heating at 800°C. After hardening by all investigated technological schemes, exception for aging at 800°C, the steel does not undergo pitting corrosion and is slightly prone to a stress corrosion cracking during static bending tests, while aging at 800°C causes pitting corrosion at a pitting formation potential Epf = -0.25 V. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Prospects for the Development of Adaptive Physical Culture and Sports in Modern Society on the Example of the Sverdlovsk Region

The article is devoted to studying the priority directions of activities for the development of personnel, scientific-methodological, medical-biological support of adaptive physical culture and sports. On the example of a state institution and non-profit organizations of the Sverdlovsk region, it was considered by what methods physical culture and health-improving activities are carried out and how it affects the physical and moral state of athletes with disabilities.Статья посвящена изучению приоритетных направлений деятельности по развитию кадрового, научно-методического, медико-биологического обеспечения адаптивной физической культуры и спорта. На примере государственного учреждения и некоммерческих организаций Свердловской области было рассмотрено, какими методами осуществляется физкультурно-оздоровительная деятельность и как она влияет на физическое и моральное состояние спортсменов с ограниченными возможностями здоровья

Preparation of composite materials based on hydroxyapatite and lactide and glycolide copolymer

Composite materials for the restoration of bone tissues based on hydroxyapatite and a copolymer of lactide and glycolide were obtained. The composition of materials at different stages of production is estimated by X-Ray diffraction method. It has been established that during the production of materials a new phase of chlorine-substituted hydroxyapatite (Ca9.7(P6O23.81)Cl2.35(OH)2.01) was formed, which promoted an increase of hydroxyapatite solubility in the composition of materials. The quantitative estimation of micro- and macroporosity of materials is given. It was found that the use of sodium chloride as the pore-forming agent delivers porosity of the composites required for use as bone substitutes

Дискурс коммунизма и социалистическая языковая личность: риторический аспект

Within the conception of the Sochi Linguistic & Rhetorical School the paper argues for the idea of discourse of Communism as a cover term for the «officialese» in the Soviet Union and former Socialist countries singling out four periods of its development: origin, formation, official existence, dismantling. The article pays special attention to the heterogeneity of the longest period of the discourse's official existence, which consists of the alternating stages: rise in the revolutionary and post-revolutionary years, during war and past-war time with the expansion of the discourse of Communism to other countries; and fall with the massive reprisals of 1930s and the “stagnation” epoch. During the period of its official existence three of its facets – official, public and real – reflect contradictions between the Communist ideas imposed by the authorities and the state of the Socialist linguistic personality confronting the meanness of daily life. The paper reveals those contrasts drawing on the diaries of Olga Berggolts and Alexander Dovzhenko as well as the destinies of Mikhail Prishvin, Alexey Tolstoy and Alexander Fadeyev.Dentro de la concepción de la Escuela Lingüística y Retórica de Sochi, el artículo argumenta a favor de la idea del discurso del comunismo como un término de cobertura para los «officialese» en la Unión Soviética y los ex países socialistas que señalan cuatro períodos de su desarrollo: origen, formación, oficial existencia, desmantelamiento. El artículo presta especial atención a la heterogeneidad del período más largo de la existencia oficial del discurso, que consiste en las etapas alternas: ascenso en los años revolucionario y posrevolucionario, durante la guerra y el tiempo de la guerra pasada con la expansión del discurso del comunismo. a otros países; y caer con las represalias masivas de 1930 y la época de "estancamiento". Durante el período de su existencia oficial, tres de sus facetas, oficial, pública y real, reflejan contradicciones entre las ideas comunistas impuestas por las autoridades y el estado de la personalidad lingüística socialista que confronta la mezquindad de la vida cotidiana. El documento revela esos contrastes basados ​​en los diarios de Olga Berggolts y Alexander Dovzhenko, así como los destinos de Mikhail Prishvin, Alexey Tolstoy y Alexander Fadeyev.В русле концепции Сочинской лингвориторической школы статья обосновывает идею дискурса коммунизма, обобщающую интерпретации «официолекта» в Советском Союзе и в бывших странах социализма, и выделяет четыре периода его развития: зарождение, формирование, расцвет и угасание. Отмечена неоднородность наиболее длительного и значимого периода расцвета, который состоит из чередующихся этапов: вознесения в революционные и послереволюционные годы, в военное и послевоенное время, сопровождавшееся расширением границ дискурса коммунизма на другие страны; и упадка, с которым соотносятся массовые репрессии конца 30-х годов и эпоха «застоя». На всех этапах расцвета дискурса коммунизма его три ипостаси – официальная, публичная и реальная – отражали противоречие между коммунистическими идеями, навязываемыми властями, и состоянием социалистической языковой личности, сталкивающейся с превратностями повседневной реальности. Указанные контрасты раскрываются в статье на материале дневников Ольги Берггольц и Александра Довженко, а также на примере литературных судеб Михаила Пришвина, Алексея Толстого и Александра Фадеева

Cultural code in controlling stereotypes of mass consciousness

The article is concerned with the problem of interrelation between mental dynamics of mass subject and functions of cultural code in the context of modern media environment. The urgency of researching a hidden control mechanism through background knowledge and mass consciousness stereotypes is determined by the fact that modern global information and communication networks transform and destabilize the sociocultural semantic space in its historically developed order. The methodology of analyzing control of mass consciousness stereotypes is based on integration of sociocultural, semiotic, communicative aspects of studying properties of cultural code in the mass media theory. It is emphasized that code control of an individual’s mentality dynamics is exercised anonymously. Knowledge of the reality where implicit instructions for an immediate perception of the world play a special role naturally forms stereotyped practices of understanding and action that are not reflected in everyday life. Codes set a certain limit of perception of events and their evaluation, catalyze a predicted stereotyped reaction. Cultural codes based on sign-oriented symbols form a semantic matrix that communicates basic orientation in the physical and sociocultural space to an individual’s subconsciousness. This invisible framework, determinated by a sign-oriented form, ensures transmission of a socially significant meaning that is necessary for mutual understanding of people, social control of their actions and thinking. The tendency to dominate functional and adaptive rationality in the media environment is accompanied by a transformation of the world perception stereotype, erosion of semantic boundaries between the real and the virtual, the subjective and the objective.peer-reviewe

PECULIARITIES OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF CNS INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN

At present, the neuroinfections in children are a socially significant problem, as they can lead to disability and death.Aim. To reveal the patterns of clinical manifestations of neuroinfections in the children’s central nervous system.Materials and methods. We investigated 91 cases of neuroinfections in children. The children underwent treatment in the  Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital (Chita) between 2007 and  2014. Among 91 cases, 32 patients had viral neuroinfections and 59 had bacterial infections.Results. The young boys have bacterial neuroinfections more often. Headaches were found in 73.6 % of children; more often in children  with viral neuroinfections – in 87.5 %, and less frequent in children  with bacterial neuroinfections – in 66.1 %, p ˂ 0.01 The disease  often starts with fever and vomiting. The neck stiffness and the  Kernig symptom were often found in patients with bacterial  neuroinfections persisting for 5 ± 1.7 days and 4 ± 1.9 days  correspondingly, in children with viral neuroinfections – for 3 ± 1.4  and 3 ± 1.2 days, p ˂ 0.05. Pneumococcal etiology of the disease  underlies the most severe and protracted cases in the course of  neuroinfections. Pneumococcus causes the most severe and  protracted diseases of the nervous system. Most often the bacterial  neuroinfections cause cerebral edema and septic shock.Conclusions. Neuroinfections have typical clinical signs that need to be properly interpreted and evaluated by physicians to reduce adverse outcomes

Female Body Dissatisfaction and Perceptions of the Attractive Female Body in Ghana, the Ukraine, and the United States

In many non-Western societies, moderate to high levels of body fat in women have long been equated with health, physical attractiveness, social status, and fertility. In recent times, however, many Western cultures have emphasized the idea that slender women are most attractive. This emphasis on thinness has led to increased levels of body dissatisfaction and dieting in Western cultures and in cultures that have imported Western media and ideals. The current study examines the body ideals in two cultures that have recently undergone increased contact with Western nations: Ghana and the Ukraine. Body dissatisfaction and perceptions of the attractive female body were studied in U.S. and Ukrainian undergraduates and villagers in Ghana using the Contour Drawing Rating Scale (Thompson & Gray, 1995). Compared to the other cultures, in the U.S., slender bodies were more highly valued and women reported a larger discrepancy between their current and ideal bodies. Men and women in Ghana showed the least preference for slender bodies. Men in the U.S. reported that the most attractive body was thinner than the average female body, whereas men from Ghana reported that the most attractive body was heavier than the average female body. In general, preferences recorded in the Ukrainian sample fell between the results for the U.S. and Ghanaian samples. These findings suggest that despite the increased contact with Western cultures, there may be aspects of Ghanaian and Ukrainian culture that promote greater body satisfaction

Специфика перевода наименований китайских блюд на русский язык

The article is devoted to the translation of Chinese dishes’ names into Russian. The research material is represented by the names of the most famous Chinese dishes and their translation presented on different websites of Russian restaurants. The analysis of the lexical material was carried out with the aim to identify common mistakes in the translation of Chinese culinary terms and suggest a variety of ways to correct them. During the working process the recommendations to the translation of Chinese dishes’ names had been studied and the best ones had been chosen. In order to achieve the main goal, the authors analyzed the menus of nine restaurants and the translations of more than 700 dishes.статья посвящена переводу наименований китайских блюд на русский язык. Материалом исследования послужили названия наиболее известных блюд и их переводы, представленные на сайтах российских ресторанов. Анализ лексического материала выполнялся с целью определения распространенных ошибок в переводе китайских кулинарных терминов и предложения способов их исправления. В процессе работы были проанализированы рекомендации по переводу наименований китайских блюд и других кулинарных терминов на русский язык, представленные в литературе, и выбраны лучшие практики. Для достижения поставленный цели авторы проанализировали меню девяти ресторанов и переводы более 700 блюд

Role of barotropic sealevel changes in current formation on the eastern shelf of the Laptev Sea

45 pagesWe associate motivic zeta functions to a large class of infinite dimensional Lie algebra