Nuevas variedades de almendro: Antoñeta y Marta

2 páginas, 3 figuras.La aparición de una nueva variedad frutal u hortícola en el mercado abre nuevas expectativas y cierta urgencia en cuanto a disponer de ella y en conocer rápidamente las ventajas de su uso, pues nadie quiere quedar fuera de juego en la dura carrera de la competencia por las consecuencias que de ello derivan. Esta urgencia se produce porque vivimos en la era de la comunicación y la menor noticia llega con celeridad hasta el ultimo rincón en un tiempo record, pero además es acentuada por la tendencia de los periodistas a magnificar las noticias, dándoles un enfoque impactante.Peer reviewe

Word embeddings for retrieving tabular data from research publications

Scientists face challenges when finding datasets related to their research problems due to the limitations of current dataset search engines. Existing tools for searching research datasets rely on publication content or metadata, do not considering the data contained in the publication in the form of tables. Moreover, scientists require more elaborate inputs and functionalities to retrieve different parts of an article, such as data presented in tables, based on their search purposes. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach to retrieve relevant tabular datasets from publications. The input of our system is a research problem stated as an abstract from a scientific paper, and the output is a set of relevant tables from publications that are related to the research problem. This approach aims to provide a better solution for scientists to find useful datasets that support them in addressing their research problems. To validate this approach, experiments were conducted using word embedding from different language models to calculate the semantic similarity between abstracts and tables. The results showed that contextual models significantly outperformed non-contextual models, especially when pre-trained with scientific data. Furthermore, the importance of context was found to be crucial for improving the results.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work is part of the project TED2021-130890B-C21, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.1 3039501100011033 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. Alberto Berenguer has a contract for predoctoral training with the Generalitat Valenciana and the European Social Fund, funded by the grant ACIF/2021/507

Online Engagement with the Bridgerton Audience on Twitter: Analysis of Discourse, Multimodality and Metadiscourse.

Twitter has become an indispensable tool for marketing and self-promotion. This dissertation explores the role of online engagement in one of the most used platforms that belong to the microblogging genre: Twitter. To achieve this engagement, some semiotic resources are indispensable, including both linguistic and paralinguistic forms. The purpose of this study is to explore the combination of multimodal and metadiscourse resources used in the account of the famous Netflix series Bridgerton to obtain an interaction with the audience and consequent online engagement. These devices are necessary for the creation of a community and therefore, the analysis of discourse is crucial to understand the development of a closeness and familiarity. The combination of semiotic resources give the possibility to share information via words, photos or videos, and having a vast global reach, becomes quite beneficial for the enterprises that use this microblogging platform as a marketing tool.<br /

Effect of phosphorous groups on the stabilization and activation of low-cost lignin fibers prepared by electrospinning

The feasible wider use of carbon fibers in many of their current and potential applications demands a reduction of their manufacturing costs. In this sense, the use of lignin as an abundant, renewable and low-cost carbonaceous precursor and a simple and versatile production technique, such as the electrospinning, represents an advantageous and promising approach [1-3]. Particularly, the devIlopment of high-value co-products from lignocellulosic biomass-derived industries, such as biorefineries and pulp and paper mills, could suppose a significant opportunity to reduce their associated costs and environmental impacts. However, the use of lignin itself in the production of carbon fibers requires of successive stabilization and carbonization steps that currently slow down, raises the price and, therefore, limits their commercialization and industrial application. In this work, a new method to produce novel sub-micrometer carbon fibers by electrospinning of phosphorous-containing lignin solutions is proposed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Electrocatalytic degradation of phenol on Pt- and Ru-doped Ti-SnO2-Sb anodes in an alkaline medium

[EN] In this work, the electrocatalytic performance of Ti/SnO2-Sb(13-x)-Pt-Ru(x) anodes (x = 0.0, 3.25 and 9.75 at.%) towards phenolate elimination has been analyzed and compared to those of conventional Ti/RuO2 and Ti/Co3O4 anodes, to evaluate their application for decontamination of concentrated alkaline phenolic wastewaters. The effects of the applied current density and the nature of the anode on the activity, kinetics and current efficiency for phenolate elimination, COD removal and benzoquinone by-product formation/degradation have been thoroughly examined. The Ti/SnO2-Sb-Pt anode exhibits the best electroactivity, fastest kinetics and highest current efficiency among the studied anodes, but poor electrochemical stability. The introduction of small amounts of Ru (3.25–9.75 at.%) brings about a slight loss of the electrocatalytic performance, but it causes a remarkable increase in the stability of the electrode. In terms of energy consumption and stability, the Ti/SnO2-Sb(9.75)-Pt-Ru(3.25) electrode seems to be the most promising anode material for the electrochemical treatment of alkaline phenolic wastewaters. The increase in current density generally leads to significantly faster phenolate, benzoquinone and COD degradations, but with lower efficiency because of an increasing selectivity to water oxidation. A correction of the ideal kinetic model has been proposed to predict the oxidation of organics on non-active metal oxide anodes. ©2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and FEDER funds (MAT2013-42007-P, IJCI-2014-20012) and from the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO2013/038) is gratefully acknowledged.Berenguer Betrián, R.; Sieben, JM.; Quijada Tomás, C.; Morallón, E. (2016). Electrocatalytic degradation of phenol on Pt- and Ru-doped Ti-SnO2-Sb anodes in an alkaline medium. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 199:394-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.06.038S39440419

Pt- and Ru-doped SnO2-Sb anodes with high stability in alkaline medium

Different Pt- and Ru-doped Ti/SnO2–Sb electrodes were synthesized by thermal decomposition. The effect of the gradual substitution of Sb by Ru in the nominal composition on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties were evaluated. The electrochemical stability of the electrodes was estimated from accelerated tests at 0.5 A cm–2 in 1 M NaOH. Both as-synthesized and deactivated electrodes were thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The incorporation of a small amount (about 3 at. %) of both Pt and Ru into the SnO2–Sb electrodes produced a 400-times increase in their service life in alkaline medium, with no remarkable change in the electrocatalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It is concluded that the deactivation of the electrodes is promoted by alkaline dissolution of metal species and coating detachment at high potentials. The introduction of Pt has a coating compacting effect, and Ru(IV), at low amounts until 9.75 at. %, replaces the Sn(IV) cations in the rutile-like SnO2 structure to form a solid solution that strongly increases the stability of the electrodes. The observed Ru segregation and decreased stability for larger Ru contents (x > 9.75 at. %), together with the selective dissolution of Ru after deactivation, suggest that the formation of a homogeneous (RuδSn1−δ)O2 single-phase is crucial for the stabilization of these electrodes.The authors thank the MINECO, FEDER, and Generalitat Valenciana for the financial support (MAT2013-42007-P, PROMETEO2013/028 projects).Berenguer Betrián, R.; Sieben, JM.; Quijada Tomás, C.; Morallón, E. (2014). Pt- and Ru-doped SnO2-Sb anodes with high stability in alkaline medium. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. (6):22778-22789. https://doi.org/10.1021/am506958kS2277822789

Novel lignin-based fibrous carbon materials

Lignin is (and will be) an important co-product in many lignocellulosic biomass-derived industries, such as pulp and paper mills (and the future biorefineries, when the concept of bio-economy be developed). The development of high-value products from lignin could mean a significant opportunity to reduce the associated costs and the environmental impacts of these industries [1]. In this sense, a new method to produce novel sub-micrometer carbon fibers and interconnected fibrous carbon webs materials (FCMs), showing unique advanced properties for different applications, by electrospinning [2] of phosphorous-containing lignin solutions is studied in this work. The different FCMs were prepared by electrospinning of Alcell lignin solutions with and without P–containing compounds, followed by stabilization and carbonization at different temperatures. For comparison purposes, equivalent lignin-based powdery carbon materials (PCMs) were also prepared from lignin powder without the electrospinning step. The different samples were characterized by N2 and CO2 adsorption, SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman, XPS, TPD and TG analysis. In the absence of P-containing groups, electrospun carbon fibers are continuous and linear (Fig 1.a), and show a specific surface area of 700 m2/g, much higher than that of carbon prepared in powdery shape (70 m2/g). The presence of P precursors in the lignin solution re-markably affects the electrospinning, sta-bilization and carbo-nization processes. By a suitable control of the stabilization heating rate, continuous and curly carbon fibers (Fig 1.b) or interconnected carbon fibrous webs (Fig 1.c) can be produced. In addition, the presence of 30wt% of P-containing compound in the lignin solution increases the specific surface area up to 1500 m2/g and enhances the oxidation resistance of the FCMs at high temperatures, what have been found very interesting for different applications, such as catalysis, adsorption and energy storage and conversion. These properties cannot be obtained in lignin-based carbon powders, even by using an 80wt% of P-containing compound for their chemical activation (1100 m2/g).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Andalucía Tech

Efecto del H3PO4 en la preparación de fibras de carbono a partir de lignina. Mejoras en el proceso de estabilización y propiedades finales

El presente trabajo propone un nuevo método de preparación de fibras de carbono mediante electrohilado de mezclas de lignina/H3PO4, en el que se obtienen resultados que aceleran el proceso de preparación de estos materiales así como sus propiedades físico-químicas en una sola etapa de preparación. Será objeto de estudio la temperatura, tiempo y velocidad de calentamiento en la etapa de estabilización así como la atmósfera (inerte u oxidante) de estabilización y carbonización.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

A comparison between oxidation of activated carbon by electrochemical and chemical treatments

The anodic oxidation of a granular activated carbon (GAC) in NaCl solution has been studied. The influence of the electrocatalyst-anode material, applied current and time of treatment on both the surface chemistry and porous texture properties of the GAC has been analyzed. For comparison purposes, the same GAC has been treated with three of the classical chemical oxidants: HNO 3, H 2O 2 and (NH 4) 2S 2O 8 at different concentrations and for different times. Results show that the anodic treatment in NaCl causes a remarkable oxidation of the AC without modifying significantly its textural properties. TPD profiles and the linear dependence of the amount of CO- and CO 2-evolution against the oxidation level denotes that surface oxygen groups of similar nature and composition are formed anodically, regardless of the anode material. The achieved oxidation degree depends on the different ability of each anode for the electrochemical generation of highly oxidizing chlorine species, and it increases progressively with the applied current and the time of treatment. In general, for similar treatment times, the anodic treatment in NaCl can produce oxidation degrees much higher than the chemical treatment with (NH 4) 2S 2O 8, which has been found to be the most oxidative chemical studied in this work.Financial support by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MAT2010-15273 and CTQ2009-10813) and Generalitat Valenciana and FEDER (PROMETEO/2009/047) projects are gratefully acknowledged.Berenguer, R.; Marco-Lozar, JP.; Quijada Tomás, C.; Cazorla-Amoros, D.; Morallón, E. (2012). A comparison between oxidation of activated carbon by electrochemical and chemical treatments. Carbon. 50(3):1123-1134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.10.025S1123113450

Electrochemical behavior of pt- a d pd-supported activated carbons with different functionalities

Due to their relatively low price, high surface area and versatile physic-chemical properties, conductive carbon materials are considered among the most promising supports of electroactive species and/or catalysts for different electrochemical devices, like supercapacitors, fuel cells, batteries, sensors, etc. [1]. However, in these applications, carbon supports are usually subjected to oxidation and/or corrosion processes, which can be promoted by the supported electroactive species and/or catalysts [2]. In this sense, although the surface functionalities of carbons seem to play a key role on their electrochemical response and stability, their influence in the presence of electroactive catalysts is still controversial. Particularly, the effect of phosphorous groups has been never reported. In this work, the influence of different oxygen and phosphorous functionalities on the electrochemical behavior of Pt- and Pd-supported activated carbons (ACs) has been studied. Various ACs showing similar surface areas (ca. 1400-1500 m2/g) and a rich variety of surface chemistry, with oxygen and phosphorous-like surface groups, were obtained by physical (CO2) (HAG800 support) or chemical (H3PO4) (HA3500 support) activation of olive stone. The ACs were used as support of Pd, Pt and Pd/Pt catalysts (Fig 1a), with nominal loadings of 0.5-1.0 wt%, by using the incipient-wetting impregnation method. The samples were characterized by N2 and CO2 adsorption, TEM, XRD, XPS, TPD experiments and different electrochemical techniques. Although the supported metals promote carbon electroxidation and/or corrosion (see the higher oxidation currents for the metalloaded sample – Fig 1b), the presence of surface phosphorous groups (HA3500-M samples) results in lower oxidation currents than in the case of P-free samples (HAG800-M samples) (Fig. 1.b). These results are in agreement with the oxidation resistance induced by phosphorous groups in oxidizing gas phase at high temperatures [3], and may support the statement that these phosphorous groups could enhance the durability of carbon-supported metal electrocatalysts for different electrochemical applications.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Andalucía Tech