Bento Beta: desenvolvendo um canal gamer para o Youtube, do planejamento à criação

Este é um projeto prático que visa ao desenvolvimento de um canal sobre games para o YouTube, intitulado Bento Beta. A partir de uma análise contextual que permite vislumbrar oportunidades de crescimento, o trabalho divide, de forma multidisciplinar, o desenvolvimento do canal em três frentes: um Plano de Negócios, que busca estruturar os diferenciais do projeto, suas estratégias e projeções; um Plano de Branding, que justifica as principais decisões criativas e descreve o processo de criação tanto de marca quanto de identidade visual; e um Plano de Conteúdo, que estipula qual será o conteúdo do canal e como ele será entregue em suas diferentes redes e plataformas. As orientações de empreendedores, designers e profissionais de Marketing Digital se somam a percepções viabilizadas por pesquisas de mercado para fornecer uma fundamentação teórica diversa, apoiando a construção do canal desde seu planejamento até a criação

OPTIMIZATION AND VALIDATION OF MAIA AEROSOL RETRIEVAL USING POLDER OBSERVATIONS

NASA’s Multi-Angle Imager for Aerosols (MAIA) is a satellite-borne multi-angle polarimeter (MAP) instrument that aims to investigate the human health effects caused by exposures to various types of particulate matter (PM) and is anticipated to launch in 2025. The Step-1 aerosol retrieval algorithm deployed by MAIA is refined and tested by applying the algorithm to the data acquired by the satellite-borne instrument—POLarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances (POLDER), and the results are compared with the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) and retrieval of Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties (GRASP). To address the quilting effect observed across the edges of adjacent retrieval patches—each composed of multiple pixels that are retrieved simultaneously—a three-step strategy was implemented within the retrieval algorithm. As a significant part of this study, further advancement came with the development and integration of a neural network (NN) based radiative transfer and optics module, which has significantly accelerated the radiative transfer modeling process, increasing efficiency by three to four orders of magnitude without compromising modeling accuracy. The innovative use of automatic differentiation for the analytical Jacobian matrix calculation from the trained NNs has further accelerated computations and improved the precision of derivative estimations. Accuracy assessments over MAIA's Los Angeles primary target area have shown that aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals are comparable to those from AERONET and GRASP-HP. Compared to AERONET reference AODs, the RMSEs of MAIA-NN based retrieval are 0.152, 0.050, 0.036, and 0.033 for wavelengths 565, 670, and 1020 nm, respectively. In contrast, the RMSEs of GRASP-HP based retrieval are 0.084, 0.084, 0.081, and 0.082, respectively. The three-step strategy not only mitigates the visual quality of aerosol maps but also substantially improves retrieval performance by enforcing physically plausible constraints. As a result, there was a RMSE performance enhancement for MAIA-NN retrievals, with a notable improvement of 49%, 59%, and 62% at 565, 670, and 1020 nm wavelengths, despite a slight 4.8% decrease at 440 nm. Remarkably, the NN-based approach has proven to be more than 400 times faster than the traditional method, taking less than 1 second per pixel on average, indicating its transformative capability for near-real-time aerosol retrieval from MAP satellite data

Unravelling the molecular determinants of bee sensitivity to neonicotinoid insecticides

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.The impact of neonicotinoid insecticides on the health of bee pollinators is a topic of intensive research and considerable current debate [1]. As insecticides, certain neonicotinoids, i.e., N-nitroguanidine compounds such as imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, are as intrinsically toxic to bees as to the insect pests they target. However, this is not the case for all neonicotinoids, with honeybees orders of magnitude less sensitive to N-cyanoamidine compounds such as thiacloprid [2]. Although previous work has suggested that this is due to rapid metabolism of these compounds [2, 3, 4, 5], the specific gene(s) or enzyme(s) involved remain unknown. Here, we show that the sensitivity of the two most economically important bee species to neonicotinoids is determined by cytochrome P450s of the CYP9Q subfamily. Radioligand binding and inhibitor assays showed that variation in honeybee sensitivity to N-nitroguanidine and N-cyanoamidine neonicotinoids does not reside in differences in their affinity for the receptor but rather in divergent metabolism by P450s. Functional expression of the entire CYP3 clade of P450s from honeybees identified a single P450, CYP9Q3, that metabolizes thiacloprid with high efficiency but has little activity against imidacloprid. We demonstrate that bumble bees also exhibit profound differences in their sensitivity to different neonicotinoids, and we identify CYP9Q4 as a functional ortholog of honeybee CYP9Q3 and a key metabolic determinant of neonicotinoid sensitivity in this species. Our results demonstrate that bee pollinators are equipped with biochemical defense systems that define their sensitivity to insecticides and this knowledge can be leveraged to safeguard bee health.his study received funding from Bayer AG. C.B. received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 646625 ). C.B. and K.B. received funding from Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC, award number 15076182 ). The work at Rothamsted forms part of the Smart Crop Protection (SCP) strategic programme ( BBS/OS/CP/000001 ) funded through the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council’s Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund

Rapid Cycling of Lipid Raft Markers between the Cell Surface and Golgi Complex

The endocytic itineraries of lipid raft markers, such as glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins and glycosphingolipids, are incompletely understood. Here we show that different GPI-anchored proteins have different intracellular distributions; some (such as the folate receptor) accumulate in transferrin-containing compartments, others (such as CD59 and GPI-linked green fluorescent protein [GFP]) accumulate in the Golgi apparatus. Selective photobleaching shows that the Golgi pool of both GPI-GFP and CD59-GFP constantly and rapidly exchanges with the pool of these proteins found on the plasma membrane (PM). We visualized intermediates carrying GPI-GFP from the Golgi apparatus to the PM and separate structures delivering GPI-GFP to the Golgi apparatus

The Plasmodium falciparum Artemisinin Susceptibility-Associated AP-2 Adaptin μ Subunit is Clathrin Independent and Essential for Schizont Maturation

The efficacy of current antimalarial drugs is threatened by reduced susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin, associated with mutations in pfkelch13 Another gene with variants known to modulate the response to artemisinin encodes the μ subunit of the AP-2 adaptin trafficking complex. To elucidate the cellular role of AP-2μ in P. falciparum, we performed a conditional gene knockout, which severely disrupted schizont organization and maturation, leading to mislocalization of key merozoite proteins. AP-2μ is thus essential for blood-stage replication. We generated transgenic P. falciparum parasites expressing hemagglutinin-tagged AP-2μ and examined cellular localization by fluorescence and electron microscopy. Together with mass spectrometry analysis of coimmunoprecipitating proteins, these studies identified AP-2μ-interacting partners, including other AP-2 subunits, the K10 kelch-domain protein, and PfEHD, an effector of endocytosis and lipid mobilization, but no evidence was found of interaction with clathrin, the expected coat protein for AP-2 vesicles. In reverse immunoprecipitation experiments with a clathrin nanobody, other heterotetrameric AP-complexes were shown to interact with clathrin, but AP-2 complex subunits were absent.IMPORTANCE We examine in detail the AP-2 adaptin complex from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum In most studied organisms, AP-2 is involved in bringing material into the cell from outside, a process called endocytosis. Previous work shows that changes to the μ subunit of AP-2 can contribute to drug resistance. Our experiments show that AP-2 is essential for parasite development in blood but does not have any role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. This suggests that a specialized function for AP-2 has developed in malaria parasites, and this may be important for understanding its impact on drug resistance

The Plasmodium Export Element Revisited

We performed a bioinformatical analysis of protein export elements (PEXEL) in the putative proteome of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. A protein family-specific conservation of physicochemical residue profiles was found for PEXEL-flanking sequence regions. We demonstrate that the family members can be clustered based on the flanking regions only and display characteristic hydrophobicity patterns. This raises the possibility that the flanking regions may contain additional information for a family-specific role of PEXEL. We further show that signal peptide cleavage results in a positional alignment of PEXEL from both proteins with, and without, a signal peptide