Sources of weaning advice, comparisons between formal and informal advice, and associations with weaning timing in a survey of UK first-time mothers.

International audienc

New Metallic Stable Ion Beams for GANIL

International audienceGANIL has been producing many stable beams for nearly 40 years. Constant progress has been made in terms of intensity, stability and reliability. The intensity for some stable metallic beams now exceeds or approaches the pµA level at an energy up to 95 MeV/u: 1.14 pµA for 36S (65% enriched) at 77 MeV/u, 0.35 pµA for 58Ni (63%) at 74 MeV/u. The presentation highlights recent results obtained for 28Si, 184W and 130Te using the GANIL ‘s LCO (Large Capacity Oven) on the ECR4 ion source. To produce the tungsten beam, two injection methods were compared. For the first one, we evaporated some tungsten trioxide (WO3) with GANIL ‘s LCO. For the second one, the injection in the plasma chamber was made by using MIVOC (Metallic Ions from VOlatile compounds) with a tungsten hexacarbonyl (W(CO)6) compound. It was the first time that we used metal carbonyl compounds and the result is promising. All the tests have been qualified to obtain the level of intensity and beam stability. Theses good results led us to propose them for Physics experiments

Jumper’s knee mechanical consequences in professional basketball players: the “Camel’s Back curve”

International audiencePURPOSE:Jumper's knee is characterized by an anterior knee pain during tendon palpation and can be classified in overuse pathologies, secondary to repetitive jumps. The prevalence is high in professional basketball players. It is responsible for an alteration of the motor control inducing a strength deficit of the quadriceps. We aimed to describe an isokinetic curve anomaly, a double-humped curve called "Camel's Back curve", consequence of a jumper's knee history.METHODS:170 Professional basketball players were enrolled (24.8 ± 4.6 years; 91.8 ± 12.0 kg, 194 ± 9.0 cm). All players performed isokinetic tests of the knee extensors on a concentric mode at the angular speed of 60°/s and 180°/s.RESULTS:43 players had a jumper's knee history and 35 (81%) had a "Camel's Back curve" at 60°/s. The sensitivity and the specificity of this curve were 81.3% and 100%, respectively. The minimum torque of strength was decreased from 12 to 18% compared to the 2 maximal peaks. Yet, the strength measured every 5° of ROM was significantly different between the players with "Camel's Back curve" and those with normal curve.CONCLUSIONS:"Camel's Back curve" had never been described in that context. It may be secondary to a protective inhibitory mechanism which could alter jumping. The presence of a "Camel's Back curve" would enable clinicians to adapt physical preparation, knee rehabilitation, and trainings to improve players performances

Chemo- and Stereoselective Synthesis of Fluorinated Enamides from Ynamides in HF/Pyridine: Second-Generation Approach to Potent Ureas Bioisosteres

International audience(E)- and (Z)-alpha-fluoroenamides could be easily prepared with high levels of chemo- and regioselectivities by hydrofluorination of readily available ynamides with HF/pyridine. The scope and limitations of this new process for the hydrofluorination of ynamides, as well as the stability of the resulting alpha-fluoroenamides, have been extensively studied. Theoretical calculations at the MP2 and B3LYP levels of theory showed that the resulting fluoroenamides exhibit geometrical and electronic properties that partially mirror those of ureas, therefore demonstrating that the hydrofluorination of ynamides provides a general, straightforward, and user-friendly approach to bioisosteres of ureas, potent building blocks for biological studies and medicinal chemistry

Appui à la mise en oeuvre de la politique de consolidation de la dimension : Recherche du système d'innovation en agronomie et développement rural : Livrable 1: État des lieux de la bibliographie et questions de recherche

RapportsLe travail réalisé au cours de cette mission est une contribution à la mission du Conseil d'Analyse Prospective et Stratégique (CAPS) dans le domaine de l'agriculture et du développement Rural du futur organisme de financement de la recherche haïtienne. Il s'inscrit dans une méthode plus générale, impliquant les acteurs du système d'innovation, qui intègre trois dimensions : - Comprendre les demandes / les besoins : cela implique de comprendre et faire émerger les demandes de recherche, d'intégrer les priorités des grands acteurs du développement rural et d'intégrer les réflexions stratégiques internationales similaires (IASTD, CG...) ; - Analyser les offres: tant en ce qui concerne les ressources humaines mobilisables que les connaissances et les innovations opérationnelles, recensées aussi bien au niveau des dynamiques nationales qu'internationales -lorsqu'elles sont extrapolables aux situations locales-; - Combiner les horizons temporels, ce qui implique (i) de pouvoir répondre aux urgences, (ii) d'investir dans la connaissance des dynamiques qui transforment les systèmes de production et les systèmes agraires (les " infrastructures de la connaissance" comme les observatoires, les panels, les recensements,) et d'imaginer des solutions aux changements structurels que l'on commence à anticiper (le changement climatique, l'urbanisation...). Cette méthode s'appuie sur trois principes : (i) impliquer les différents acteurs du système d'innovation, (ii) répondre à - et donc prioriser - des demandes multiples et (iii) anticiper et dépasser l'urgence. Le travail réalisé a permis de regrouper sous forme digitale 451 documents qui relèvent aussi bien de la littérature grise que de la production académique. Parmi ceux-ci, un échantillon de 78 documents analysés a permis de faire émerger 7 grandes questions qui sont posées à la recherche : - Quel est l'état des ressources locales? - Comment fonctionnent les agroécosystèmes à l'échelle des bassins versants ? - Comment fonctionnent les unités de production paysannes? - Comment améliorer les filières de production ? - Comment faciliter la diffusion des innovations dans le milieu rural? - Quels sont les impacts des différentes interventions en milieu rural sur l'économie - Comment préparer l'agriculture haïtienne au changement climatique? La mise en perspective des résultats du travail d'analyse bibliographique avec d'autres exercices similaires menés antérieurement à l'échelle nationale (Assises de la Recherche Agronomique) ou à l'échelle internationale (IAASTD, CGIAR...) permet de souligner la robustesse des résultats obtenus, mais souligne aussi la nécessité (i) de compléter la base bibliographique, (ii) de confronter les résultats obtenus avec les autres acteurs du système d'innovation, (iii) de repérer les types de résultats existants à l'échelle internationale susceptibles d'être directement appropriés par les acteurs du développement afin de (iv) mobiliser les ressources de la recherche haïtienne sur des activités à plus grande utilité sociale, économique ou environnementale, portant sur des horizons temporels complémentaires et s'appuyant sur une vision prospective. (Résumé d'auteur

Cationic polycyclization of ynamides: building up molecular complexity

International audienc

Clinical and mutational spectrum in a cohort of 105 unrelated patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

International audienceDilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the leading causes of heart failure with high morbidity and mortality. More than 30 genes have been reported to cause DCM. To provide new insights into the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy, a mutational screening on 4 DCM-causing genes (MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3 and LMNA) was performed in a cohort of 105 unrelated DCM (64 familial cases and 41 sporadic cases) using a High Resolution Melting (HRM)/sequencing strategy. Screening of a highly conserved arginine/serine (RS)-rich region in exon 9 of RBM20 was also performed. Nineteen different mutations were identified in 20 index patients (19%), including 10 novels. These included 8 LMNA variants in 9 (8.6%) probands, 5 TNNT2 variants in 5 probands (4.8%), 4 MYH7 variants in 3 probands (3.8%), 1 TNNI3 variant in 1 proband (0.9%), and 1 RBM20 variant in 1 proband (0.9%). One proband was double-heterozygous. LMNA mutations represent the most prevalent genetic DCM cause. Most patients carrying LMNA mutations exhibit conduction system defects and/or cardiac arrhythmias. Our study also showed than prevalence of mutations affecting TNNI3 or the (RS)-rich region of RBM20 is lower than 1%. The discovery of novel DCM mutations is crucial for clinical management of patients and their families because pre-symptomatic diagnosis is possible and precocious intervention could prevent or ameliorate the prognosis