Examining the structure of ideas of reference in clinical and community samples

Aims: This study addresses the psychometric properties of a Spanish validation of the REF scale of ideas of reference (IRs) in detecting and following at-risk mental states and psychosis. Methods: A total of 9447 participants were distributed in three groups: 676 patients with various diagnoses-154 with psychotic disorders, 6291 youths aged 11 to 20, and 2480 adult participants aged 21 to 84. Results: Youths had higher scores than adults on IRs, observing a progressive decrease and stabilization in the twenties. Exploratory factor analysis provided a structure for the overall IRs score, with five first-order dimensions and one second-order dimension. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the structure with excellent fit. The REF scale was invariant across sex and samples. The internal consistency of the complete scale was excellent and acceptable across the five first-order factors. Strong relationships were found with the positive dimension of the community assessment of psychic experience-42, as well as with aberrant salience. Low and moderate relationships were found with public self-consciousness, anxiety, and depression. Youths and patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders had a high mean IRs frequency. Male sex, greater age (among the adults), and the "causal explanations", "Songs, newspapers, books" and laughing and commenting" REF subscales showed predictive power in the diagnostic categories of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

Vulnerability to Psychosis, Ideas of Reference and Evaluation with an Implicit Test

Background: Ideas of reference (IRs) are observed in the general population on the continuum of the psychotic phenotype (as a type of psychotic-like experiences, PLE). The instruments usually used to evaluate IRs show some problems: They depend on the cooperation of the participant, comprehension of items, social desirability, etc. Aims: The Testal emotional counting Stroop (TECS) was developed for the purpose of improving evaluation of individuals vulnerable to psychosis and its relationship with ideas of reference. The TECS (two versions) was applied as an implicit evaluation instrument for IRs and related processes for early identification of persons vulnerable to psychosis and to test the possible influence of emotional symptomatology. Method: A total of 160 participants (67.5% women) from the general population were selected (Mean (M) = 24.12 years, standard deviation (SD) = 5.28), 48 vulnerable and 112 non-vulnerable. Results: Vulnerability to psychosis was related to greater latency in response to referential stimuli. Version 4 of the TECS showed a slight advantage in identifying more latency in response to referential stimuli among participants with vulnerability to psychosis (Cohen's d = 1.08). Emotional symptomatology (especially stress), and IQ (premorbid) mediated the relationship between vulnerability and IR response latency. Conclusions: The application of the implicit Testal emotional counting Stroop test (TECS) is useful for evaluating processes related to vulnerability to psychosis, as demonstrated by the increased latency of response to referential stimuli

Quantification of high speed actions across a competitive microcycle in professional soccer

The main aim of this study was to compare the high-speed training session (TRs) and competitive match (OMs) demands induced on professional soccer players across an in-season microcycle. Maximum velocity (MV) and the number of actions and distance performed at high (N-HV > 14.4 km·h-1), very high velocity (N-VHV > 19.8 km·h-1) and sprint (N-SP > 25.2 km·h-1), in different distance zones (0–5, 5–15, 15–30, >30 m) were evaluated. Twelve professional soccer players competing within the Spanish 1st Division were the participants of the study. TRs were categorised according to days leading to the match day (MD-5, MD-4, MD-3, MD-1). The results showed significant differences between OMs and TRs across all analysed variables, except for N-HV, N-VHV, and N-SP 15–30m in the comparisons between OMs and MD-4. In addition, N-SP 15–30 m in MD-4 and MD-3 were significantly higher than in MD-1 (ES = 0.87 and 0.80, respectively) without differences in MV highlighting a tapering strategy. To conclude, the current investigation revealed a potential tapering strategy in professional soccer in conjunction to highlighting a way of maintaining MV and high speed actions across low-distance ranges (30 m) across the TRs in order to replicate the velocity peaks occurred in OMs.This study has been funded by the project PPJIA2020.04, of the Precompetitive Research Projects program for Young Researchers of the Own Plan 2020, of the University of Granada

Tarteso. Nuevas Fronteras (I)

El presente volumen recoge las contribuciones presentadas al II Congreso Internacional sobre Tarteso, Nuevas Fronteras, que tuvo lugar en Mérida entre los días 17 y 19 de noviembre de 2021. Su lectura permite un viaje desde el extremo oriental del Mediterráneo hasta el suroeste de la península ibérica, mostrando las diversas realidades históricas acontecidas en este territorio durante la I Edad del Hierro. El objetivo de esta publicación es mostrar la situación que atravesaba el Mediterráneo durante los años de surgimiento y desarrollo de la cultura tartésica para así comprender mejor la formación y evolución de dicha cultura. El conocimiento de Tarteso ha evolucionado sensiblemente en la última década, desde la celebración y publicación de las actas del I Congreso Internacional, Tarteso. El emporio del metal (Almuzara, 2013). La incorporación de nuevas voces y visiones enfocadas al conocimiento de la protohistoria peninsular, así como de algunos temas nunca antes abordados en el conocimiento de Tarteso, permiten presentar en este volumen una visión renovada, donde destaca la incorporación de unos nuevos límites territoriales para esta cultura.Esta publicación se ha beneficiado de las siguientes ayudas para su financiación: Proyecto de Investigación del Plan Nacional I+D+i: “Construyendo Tarteso 2.0: análisis constructivo, espacial y territorial de un modelo arquitectónico en el valle medio del Guadiana” (PID2019-108180GB- I00), financiado por MCIN AEI/10.13039/501100011033). Subvención global de la Secretaría General de Ciencia, Tecnología, Innovación y Universidad de la Junta de Extremadura al Instituto de Arqueología.Peer reviewe

El edificio de las dos escaleras de Baelo Claudia: un templo neopúnico en la nueva urbe costera

The building known as the “building of the two staircases” of Baelo Claudia occupies an important place in the public centre of the city. It is attached to the south of the basilica and fills a large part of the square that opens onto the main road. Although it was excavated in the 1970s, it has yet to be properly interpreted. Baelo has traditionally been considered a model Roman city, so taking into account the Punic substratum of the city has allowed for a more accurate interpretation of the building. The main singularity is to be found in the two lateral staircases, for the ritual use of the upper terrace. An altar for sacrifices would have been located on it, as is usual in Phoenician-Punic temples. A small ashlar at the back of the cella is interpreted as the support for a possible baetylus, an aniconic image of the divinity typical of Punic religiosity and with a long tradition in Roman Baetica.El conocido como “edificio de las dos escaleras” de Baelo Claudia ocupa un lugar privilegiado en el centro público de la ciudad, adosado al sur de la basílica, ocupando buena parte de la plaza enlosada que asoma con una amplia grada a la calle principal de la urbe. Se excavó en los años setenta del siglo pasado, pero desde entonces permanece como un rarum inexplicado, inentendible por su morfología en el marco de una ciudad tradicionalmente abordada como expresión modélica de romanidad. La valoración por los firmantes del sustrato púnico de la ciudad, ha permitido entenderlo, en atención a las escaleras que lo singularizan, como un templo dotado de ascensos para el uso ritual de la terraza superior, lugar de ubicación del altar para los sacrificios, según es habitual en los templos fenicio-púnicos. Esta nueva mirada ha permitido interpretar el pequeño sillar que asoma al fondo de la cella como un posible betilo, imagen anicónica de la divinidad y expresión destacada de la religiosidad púnica, largamente vigente en la Bética romana

Reflexiones sobre cronotipologías en Arqueología de la Arquitectura. Métodos y sistemas de análisis

This paper reflects on the state of the art of those methods and systems which rule the typological studies, from its Italian origins until its arrival in the Iberian Peninsula, thanks to the development of research projects, thesis and specific studies. The working scheme applied experimentally to analyse the areas of the Alcazar of Seville is besides here explained, with the aim of generating codes to characterise, define and determine the local building techniques.<br><br>Ofrecemos una reflexión sobre el estado de la cuestión de los métodos y sistemas que rigen los estudios tipológicos desde sus orígenes italianos hasta su llegada a la Península Ibérica en el contexto de Proyectos de Investigación, tesis y estudios específicos. Asimismo, presentamos el esquema de trabajo que venimos desarrollando aún de manera experimental en los recintos del Alcázar de Sevilla, cuyo objetivo es generar unas claves que sirvan para la caracterización, definición y determinación de técnicas constructivas a escala local

Sprint performance and mechanical outputs computed with an iPhone app: Comparison with existing reference methods

The purpose of this study was to assess validity and reliability of sprint performance outcomes measured with an iPhone application (named: MySprint) and existing field methods (i.e. timing photocells and radar gun). To do this, 12 highly trained male sprinters performed 6 maximal 40-m sprints during a single session which were simultaneously timed using 7 pairs of timing photocells, a radar gun and a newly developed iPhone app based on high-speed video recording. Several split times as well as mechanical outputs computed from the model proposed by Samozino et al. [(2015). A simple method for measuring power, force, velocity properties, and mechanical effectiveness in sprint running. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. https://doi-org.ezproxy.universidadeuropea.es/10.1111/sms.12490] were then measured by each system, and values were compared for validity and reliability purposes. First, there was an almost perfect correlation between the values of time for each split of the 40-m sprint measured with MySprint and the timing photocells (r = 0.989–0.999, standard error of estimate = 0.007–0.015 s, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 1.0). Second, almost perfect associations were observed for the maximal theoretical horizontal force (F0), the maximal theoretical velocity (V0), the maximal power (Pmax) and the mechanical effectiveness (DRF–decrease in the ratio of force over acceleration) measured with the app and the radar gun (r = 0.974–0.999, ICC = 0.987–1.00). Finally, when analysing the performance outputs of the six different sprints of each athlete, almost identical levels of reliability were observed as revealed by the coefficient of variation (MySprint: CV = 0.027–0.14%; reference systems: CV = 0.028–0.11%). Results on the present study showed that sprint performance can be evaluated in a valid and reliable way using a novel iPhone app.Sin financiación2.576 JCR (2017) Q2, 22/81 Sport Sciences1.122 SJR (2017) Q1, 480/2878 Medicine (miscellaneous), 44/285 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 24/201 Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation; Q2, 34/127 Sports ScienceNo data IDR 2017UE