Effectiveness of plyometric exercises to improve muscular strength and digital achievement for students in shot put

To identify the effectiveness of plyometric exercises to improve muscular strength and achievement in shot put event by students (20-22 years old). The researchers used an experimental method; the sample was formed by students belonging to the institute of physical education & sports, University of Mostaganem (Algeria). Thus it was the application of the experimental method was applied on a sample of third-year students (males) of 45 students divided into two groups, first control group of 22 students and an experimental group of 23 students. While the tests used were (strength test, achievement test). After the treatment of the results by statistical means, and through these results it have been reached several conclusions of them, plyometric Exercises to develop muscular strength and achievement in shot put [discussion significant difference (*p≤0.05)]. And best improve of the experimental sample based on plyometric exercises compared to the control sample, which rely more on the technical side only in shot put event

Adaptation de services dans un espace intelligent sensible au contexte

Grâce à l’apparition des paradigmes de l’intelligence ambiante, on assiste à l’émergence de nouveaux systèmes intelligents ambiants visant à créer et gérer des environnements intelligents d’une façon intuitive et transparente. Ces environnements sont des espaces intelligents caractérisés notamment par l’ouverture, l’hétérogénéité, l’incertitude et la dynamique des entités qui les constituent. Ces caractéristiques soulèvent ainsi des defies scientifiques considérables pour la conception et la mise en place d’un système intelligent adéquat. Ces défis sont principalement au nombre de trois : l’abstraction et la gestion du contexte, la sensibilité au contexte et l’auto-adaptation face aux changements imprévisibles qui peuvent se produire dans un environnement ambiant. Dans cette thèse, nous avons proposé une architecture d’un système intelligent capable d’adapter les services selon les besoins des utilisateurs en tenant compte, d’une part, du contexte environnemental et de ses différents équipements et d’autre part, des besoins variables exprimés par les utilisateurs. Ce système est construit suivant un modèle sensible au contexte, adaptatif et réactif aux évènements. Il se repose sur des entités modulaires de faible couplage et de forte cohésion lui permettant d’être flexible et efficace. Ce système integer également un module d’adaptation de services afin de repérer le contexte et de l’ajuster dynamiquement suivant les attentes des utilisateurs. Cette adaptation est réalisée via deux algorithmes : le premier est un algorithme par renforcement (Q-learning), le deuxième est un algorithme supervisé (CBR). L’hybridation de ces deux algorithmes permet surmonter les inconvénients de Q-learning pour aboutir à une nouvelle approche capable de gérer le contexte, sélectionner et adapter le service

Removal of Phosphates in Aqueous Solution by Adsorption on Calcium Oxide

The aim of this work is the removal of phosphates from an aqueous solution by adsorption on a new, inexpensive adsorbent, calcium oxide. We have also shown interest in the choice of removal method, which is adsorption. The kinetic study of the removal of phosphate ions by adsorption on calcium oxide allowed us to calculate the value of adsorption capacity as a function of the parameters affecting adsorption: Amount of adsorbent, initial concentration of phosphate ion solution, pH of the mixture and temperature. The study of adsorption isotherms showed that the Freundlich model is the most appropriate for the phenomenon of phosphate ion adsorption. Modeling of the kinetic data by the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equations shows that the adsorption process is best described by the second order equation. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy ΔH°, entropy ΔS° and free enthalpy ΔG° were also evaluated to determine the nature of adsorption. The results show that the adsorption process is a spontaneous and endothermic physisorption

Comparison of Static Aerodynamic Data Obtained in Dynamic Wind Tunnel Tests and Numerical Simulation Research

The aerodynamic data obtained in the static and dynamic wind tunnel tests are presented in this paper. The tests are performed in the T-38 wind tunnel facility of the Military Technical Institute in Belgrade. Normal force and pitching moment in static and dynamic tests are measured using semiconductor five-component strain gauge balance. This specific five-component balance is dynamic derivative balance. Forced oscillation technique is used for the dynamic measurements applied in the T-38 wind tunnel. The wind tunnel data are compared with aerodynamic data determined using flow simulations with RANS (CFD) code and applied models of turbulence. The aerodynamic data calculated using semi-empirical prediction were the initial values for the numerical research. The experimental and numerical data are presented for the one standard missile model (Modified Basic Finner Model) for three flow regime Mach numbers

Mutation of a Single Residue Renders Human Tetherin Resistant to HIV-1 Vpu-Mediated Depletion

The recently identified restriction factor tetherin/BST-2/CD317 is an interferon-inducible trans-membrane protein that restricts HIV-1 particle release in the absence of the HIV-1 countermeasure viral protein U (Vpu). It is known that Tantalus monkey CV1 cells can be rendered non-permissive to HIV-1 release upon stimulation with type 1 interferon, despite the presence of Vpu, suggesting species-specific sensitivity of tetherin proteins to viral countermeasures such as Vpu. Here we demonstrate that Tantalus monkey tetherin restricts HIV-1 by nearly two orders of magnitude, but in contrast to human tetherin the Tantalus protein is insensitive to HIV-1 Vpu. We have investigated tetherin's sensitivity to Vpu using positive selection analyses, seeking evidence for evolutionary conflict between tetherin and viral countermeasures. We provide evidence that tetherin has undergone positive selection during primate evolution. Mutation of a single amino acid (showing evidence of positive selection) in the trans-membrane cap of human tetherin to that in Tantalus monkey (T45I) substantially impacts on sensitivity to HIV-1 Vpu, but not on antiviral activity. Finally, we provide evidence that cellular steady state levels of tetherin are substantially reduced by Vpu, and that the T45I mutation abrogates this effect. This study provides evidence that tetherin is important in protecting mammals against viral infection, and that the HIV-1 Vpu–mediated countermeasure is specifically adapted to act against human tetherin. It also emphasizes the power of selection analyses to illuminate the molecular details of host–virus interactions. This work suggests that tetherin binding agents might protect it from viral encoded countermeasures and thus make powerful antivirals

ER quality control and ER associated degradation machineries are vital for viral pathogenesis

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is central to protein production and membrane lipid synthesis. The unfolded protein response (UPR) supports cellular metabolism by ensuring protein quality control in the ER. Most positive strand RNA viruses cause extensive remodeling of membranes and require active membrane synthesis to promote infection. How viruses interact with the cellular machinery controlling membrane metabolism is largely unknown. Furthermore, there is mounting data pointing to the importance of the UPR and ER associated degradation (ERAD) machineries in viral pathogenesis in eukaryotes emerging topic. For many viruses, the UPR is an early event that is essential for persistent infection and benefits virus replication. In addition, many viruses are reported to commandeer ER resident chaperones to contribute to virus replication and intercellular movement. In particular, calreticulin, the ubiquitin machinery, and the 26S proteasome are most commonly identified components of the UPR and ERAD machinery that also regulate virus infection. In addition, researchers have noted a link between UPR and autophagy. It is well accepted that positive strand RNA viruses use autophagic membranes as scaffolds to support replication and assembly. However this topic has yet to be explored using plant viruses. The goal of research on this topic is to uncover how viruses interact with this ER-related machinery and to use this information for designing novel strategies to boost immune responses to virus infection.Peer reviewedEntomology and Plant Patholog

Détermination de l'activité du cuivre dans les alliages or-cuivre par mesure des potentiels électrochimiques en milieu fondu

Dans le but de connaître l’évolution des propriétés superficielles des alliages métalliques, des mesures de f.é.m. de piles galvaniques ont été entreprises en utilisant des électrolytes fondus. Le présent travail est relatif au système : alliage Au-Cu Cu-Cl dissous dans LiCl-KCl fondu/cuivre pur. La variation de la f.é.m. en fonction de la température indique que l’entropie de mélange correspond pratiquement aux conditions idéales. Les écarts observés pour l’enthalpie libre de mélange par rapport à l'idéalité sont essentiellement attribués aux interactions préférentielles Au-Cu qui se traduisent par l’apparition d’un terme d'enthalpie de mélange négatif de l’ordre de – 5,2 kJ pour le mélange à 50 at % Cu. L’examen de ces propriétés en fonction de la composition indique que ces alliages n’obéissent pas aux lois des solutions régulières ou quasi-chimiques. Leur représentation peut s’effectuer d’une manière correcte en supposant une variation linéaire de l’énergie d’interaction de paire en fonction de la composition, conformément au modèle de Hardy

On the minimum cost multiple-source unsplittable flow problem

The minimum cost multiple-source unsplittable flow problem is studied in this paper. A simple necessary condition to get a solution is proposed. It deals with capacities and demands and can be seen as a generalization of the well-known semi-metric condition for continuous multicommdity flows. A cutting plane algorithm is derived using a superadditive approach. The inequalities considered here are valid for single knapsack constraints. They are based on nondecreasing superadditive functions and can be used to strengthen the relaxation of any integer program with knapsack constraints. Some numerical experiments confirm the efficiency of the inequalities introduced in the paper

WSAT Dynamics and Density of States

This paper undertakes the study of the well-known SAT problem using d.o.s. It shows through Satisfiability benchmark instances that d.o.s follows in good approximation a normal law. Information given by d.o.s turns out to be very informative to explain and predict the dynamics of local search methods. Thus, it allows us to obtain some explanations of an intriguing behavior of the local search method WSAT. Indeed, our experiments show that WSAT stagnates invariably within a particular cost interval, independently of the starting assignment. This behavior can be explained using d.o.s. The article is organized as follows. Section 2 presents an intriguing experiment with WSAT. Section 3, defines d.o.s. Section 4 measures d.o.s for various SAT instances and shows its relation with WSAT dynamics. Section 6 concludes and gives some further direction