Ebola virus VP35 induces high-level production of recombinant TPL-2–ABIN-2–NF-κB1 p105 complex in co-transfected HEK-293 cells

Activation of PKR (double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase) by DNA plasmids decreases translation, and limits the amount of recombinant protein produced by transiently transfected HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells. Co-expression with Ebola virus VP35 (virus protein 35), which blocked plasmid activation of PKR, substantially increased production of recombinant TPL-2 (tumour progression locus 2)–ABIN-2 [A20-binding inhibitor of NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) 2]–NF-κB1 p105 complex. VP35 also increased expression of other co-transfected proteins, suggesting that VP35 could be employed generally to boost recombinant protein production by HEK-293 cells

Enhanced many-body effects in the excitation spectrum of a weakly-interacting rotating Bose-Einstein condensate

The excitation spectrum of a highly-condensed two-dimensional trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is investigated within the rotating frame of reference. The rotation is used to transfer high-lying excited states to the low-energy spectrum of the BEC. We employ many-body linear-response theory and show that, once the rotation leads to a quantized vortex in the ground state, already the low-energy part of the excitation spectrum shows substantial many-body effects beyond the realm of mean-field theory. We demonstrate numerically that the many-body effects grow with the vorticity of the ground state, meaning that the rotation enhances them even for very weak repulsion. Furthermore, we explore the impact of the number of bosons $N$ in the condensate on a low-lying single-particle excitation, which is describable within mean-field theory. Our analysis shows deviations between the many-body and mean-field results which clearly persist when $N$ is increased up to the experimentally relevant regime, typically ranging from several thousand up to a million bosons in size. Implications are briefly discussed

Many-body tunneling dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates and vortex states in two spatial dimensions

In this work, we study the out-of-equilibrium many-body tunneling dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a two-dimensional radial double well. We investigate the impact of interparticle repulsion and compare the influence of angular momentum on the many-body tunneling dynamics. Accurate many-body dynamics are obtained by solving the full many-body Schr\"odinger equation. We demonstrate that macroscopic vortex states of definite total angular momentum indeed tunnel and that, even in the regime of weak repulsions, a many-body treatment is necessary to capture the correct tunneling dynamics. As a general rule, many-body effects set in at weaker interactions when the tunneling system carries angular momentum.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figure

Many-body effects in the excitation spectrum of weakly-interacting Bose-Einstein condensates in one-dimensional optical lattices

In this work, we study many-body excitations of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) trapped in periodic one-dimensional optical lattices. In particular, we investigate the impact of quantum depletion onto the structure of the low-energy spectrum and contrast the findings to the mean-field predictions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations. Accurate results for the many-body excited states are obtained by applying a linear-response theory atop the MCTDHB (multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for bosons) equations of motion, termed LR-MCTDHB. We demonstrate for condensates in a triple well that even weak ground-state depletion of around $1\%$ leads to visible many-body effects in the low-energy spectrum which deviate substantially from the corresponding BdG spectrum. We further show that these effects also appear in larger systems with more lattice sites and particles, indicating the general necessity of a full many-body treatment

Excitations and dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates: A many-body approach

This thesis explores the dynamics and especially the low-energy spectra of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in one- and two-dimensional potential traps. Of particular interest are many-body effects. To obtain numerically exact results for the dynamics, the well-established multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree for bosons (MCTDHB) method is applied. Excited states are calculated utilizing the recently introduced linear-response theory atop it (LR- MCTDHB). The core of the latter theory is an in general non-hermitian eigenvalue problem. The newly developed implementation of this theory is described in detail and benchmarked towards the exactly-solvable harmonic-interaction model. Several applications are discussed. With respect to dynamics, it is shown that both the out-of-equilibrium tunneling dynamics and the dynamics of trapped vortices are of many-body nature. Furthermore, many-body effects in the excitation spectra are presented for BECs in different trap geometries. It is demonstrated that even for essentially-condensed systems, the spectrum of the lowest-in-energy excitations computed at the many-body level differs substantially from a standard mean-field description. In general, it is shown that bosons carrying angular momentum are more sensitive to many-body effects, both in the dynamics and the excitation spectrum

“Right-click, Save As” is Dead; Long Live “Right-click, Save As”! – Understanding Profile Picture NFT Business Models in Web3

Blockchain-based non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have heralded a new age of digital ownership, enabling business models across various applications. Representing non-interchangeable, physical or digital objects, particularly the subcategory of profile picture (PFP) projects gained considerable attention in 2021. However, a comprehensive analysis providing insights into the design of PFP business models is still missing. Therefore, we analyzed the business models of successful PFP projects in an iterative study. We combined a literature review with the empirical analysis of 60 projects, resulting in two outcomes: (1) A taxonomy that uncovers crucial dimensions and characteristics, and (2) five business model archetypes representing common combinations of these attributes. Our research provides insights into key patterns of PFP projects and their business models. We also enable practitioners to better understand and manage the opportunities and challenges associated

Kooperative Errichtung der Offshore-Windenergie : Konzeptionelle Entwicklung einer lieferketten- und projektübergreifenden Logistikgestaltung

In this thesis, the topic of planning and control in the network of the construction phase of offshore wind energy is considered. The needs of the industry for change and optimisation motivate a scientific discourse that goes beyond existing boundaries. The result of this work comprises the proof of the efficiency increase potentials by resource and information sharing in the construction phase of offshore wind energy by means of simulation, the definition of the requirements for a solution approach for the collaborative design and cooperative execution of the construction, a concept for the realization of these potentials, as well as the empirically supported development of the success factors for the implementation of the developed approach in practice