1,490 research outputs found
William Remshart: A Biographical Sketch
William Remshart (b. February 7, 1805, d. February 24, 1878) was a merchant who later became involved with real estate. He had the residences of 102-112 West Jones Street (also called Remshart Row) built. He was active in business and community affairs. William Remshart was first married to Julia E. Cooper on January 17, 1833 and they had nine children. After the death of Julia, William married Hrs. Rebecca C. Oliver on July 18, 1866. He died February 24, 1878 and was buried in Laurel Grove Cemetery, Savannah, Georgia.https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/sav-bios-lane/1148/thumbnail.jp
New reactions of oxetanes
This thesis describes the synthesis and new reactions of oxetan-3-ones. Chapter 1
gives an introduction to oxetanes and includes discussion of methods for their
synthesis, their reactions, specifically those involving the use of oxetan-3-ones,
and their relevance in medicinal chemistry and natural products.
Chapter 2 begins with an introduction to multi-component reactions (MCRs) and
moves on to describe our efforts in incorporating oxetanes into structurally
diverse compounds using Passerini three-component reactions (P-3CRs) and Ugi
four-component reactions (U-4CRs). A range of 3,3-disubstituted oxetanes are
successfully made in 23-98% yield by reaction of oxetan-3-ones with various
carboxylic acids and isocyanides. The synthesis of chiral 2-substituted oxetan-3-
ones using the SAMP chiral auxiliary method is also demonstrated, specifically
oxetan-3-one is converted into 2-benzyloxetan-3-one in 51% overall yield and
74% ee in three steps.
Chapter 3 details our efforts towards the incorporation of the oxetane unit into
tetrahydro-β-carbolines using the Pictet-Spengler reaction. Several oxetan-3-ones
are demonstrated to take part in Pictet-Spengler reactions with tryptamine and
tryptophan ethyl ester derivatives. The chemistry is successfully extended in
azetidinones
Unitary Chern-Simons matrix model and the Villain lattice action
We use the Villain approximation to show that the Gross-Witten model, in the
weak- and strong-coupling limits, is related to the unitary matrix model that
describes U(N) Chern-Simons theory on S^3. The weak-coupling limit corresponds
to the q->1 limit of the Chern-Simons theory while the strong-coupling regime
is related to the q->0 limit. In the latter case, there is a logarithmic
relationship between the respective coupling constants. We also show how the
Chern-Simons matrix model arises by considering two-dimensional Yang-Mills
theory with the Villain action. This leads to a U(1)^N theory which is the
Abelianization of 2d Yang-Mills theory with the heat-kernel lattice action. In
addition, we show that the character expansion of the Villain lattice action
gives the q deformation of the heat kernel as it appears in q-deformed 2d
Yang-Mills theory. We also study the relationship between the unitary and
Hermitian Chern-Simons matrix models and the rotation of the integration
contour in the corresponding integrals.Comment: 17 pages, Minor corrections to match the published versio
Non-simply-laced Lie algebras via F theory strings
In order to describe the appearance in F theory of the non--simply--laced Lie
algebras, we use the representation of symmetry enhancements by means of string
junctions. After an introduction to the techniques used to describe symmetry
enhancement, that is algebraic geometry, BPS states analysis and string
junctions, we concentrate on the latter. We give an explicit description of the
folding of D_{2n} to B_n of the folding of E_6 to F_4 and that of D_4 to G_2 in
terms of junctions and Jordan strings. We also discuss the case of C_n, but we
are unable in this case to provide a string interpretation.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figure
Scavenger community response to the removal of a dominant scavenger
The alteration of scavenging communities can reduce basic ecosystem services and increase risks to human and wildlife health. Recent work demonstrated that scavenging communities in agricultural landscapes are extremely efficient: superabundant mesopredators sequestered system energy by dominating scavenging activity. To explore how the disturbance of these communities affects the stability of carrion removal as an ecosystem function, we experimentally manipulated a scavenging community within an agricultural landscape by reducing the abundance of the dominant scavenger, raccoons Procyon lotor. We then monitored the fates of 676 mouse Mus musculus carcasses placed in 13 control and 13 removal woodlots from June 2007 – May 2008. The diversity of vertebrate scavengers did not change between control and removal woodlots and scavenging by invertebrates was unaffected by our experiment. Although Virginia opossums Didelphis virginiana and other scavengers exhibited a functional response when raccoons were reduced in abundance, the increases did not change the proportional allocation of carcasses among scavengers. Finally, the reduced abundance of a major scavenger affected system efficiency. More carcasses remained un-scavenged at the end of trials in removal woodlots than in control woodlots. This experiment demonstrates the vulnerability of a critical ecosystem service, carrion removal, to perturbations of the scavenging community and serves to highlight the method by which scavenger communities may respond to perturbations
Mixed-method approaches to strengthen economic evaluations in implementation research
Abstract
Background
Guidance from economic evaluations on which implementation strategies represent the best return on investment will be critical to advancing the Triple Aim of health care: improving patient care and population health while minimizing per-capita cost. The results of traditional (quantitative) economic evaluations are limited by a remaining “qualitative residual” of contextual information and stakeholders perspectives, which cannot be captured by monetary values alone and is particularly prevalent in implementation science research. The emergence of qualitative methods for economic evaluation offers a promising solution.
Main body
To maximize the contributions of economic evaluations to implementation science, we recommend that researchers embrace a mixed-methods research agenda that merges traditional quantitative approaches with innovative, contextually grounded qualitative methods. Such studies are exceedingly rare at present. To assist implementation scientists in making use of mixed methods in this research context, we present an adapted taxonomy of mixed-method studies relevant to economic evaluation. We then illustrate the application of mixed methods in a recently completed cost-effectiveness evaluation, making use of an adapted version of reporting standards for economic evaluations.
Conclusions
By incorporating qualitative methods, implementation researchers can enrich their economic evaluations with detailed, context-specific information that tells the full story of the costs and impacts of implementation. We end by providing suggestions for building a research agenda in mixed-method economic evaluation, along with more resources and training to support investigators who wish to answer our call to action.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146781/1/13012_2018_Article_850.pd
The use of ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the detection of illicit drugs on clandestine records
Illicit drug distribution has over the past decade grown tremendously from simple 'drug pushing' where drugs were distributed from poorly organized individuals to today's well organized and well financed drug cartels. This change to a more 'corporate-like' atmosphere has resulted in a greater use of record keeping to monitor the profits generated. The use of record keeping by drug distributors is not restricted to high level drug smugglers but is used at all levels within the distribution network. Dealers at all levels including street dealers are generally 'fronted', given on consignment quantities of drugs that they in turn sell to customers, thereby requiring the need for records to keep track of drug sales versus liabilities. These records because of their illicit nature are often encrypted to hide the fact that they are indeed records of drug transactions. The creation of a handwritten notation concerning a drug transaction is normally brought on because of a purchase or sale. In a sale, this is commonly accomplished through a consignment, or the designation of a quantity to a customer to whom that amount has been 'fronted'. Because this activity generates a debt, it follows that an accounting for payments made, as well as new transactions completed, is only logical. One of the most common means of representing these is through an 'accounting flow', in which payments are subtracted from a running balance while new sales are added to it. The examination of illicit drug records has been the key to the prosecution of numerous federal, state, and local drug cases for a number of years. The Document Section of the FBI Laboratory, through its Racketeering Records Analysis Unit (RRAU), has been involved in such analytical efforts since 1983. Detailed analytical research brought about an evolution in the systematic approach utilized in the RRAU since that time. The close proximity of the drugs to the records often results in trace drug evidence being transferred to the records. The detection of trace drug residue on surfaces by ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is well documented in literature. The following procedure will deal primarily with the newer techniques of trace drug analysis and drug record analysis developed by the Chemistry/Toxicology Unit of the FBI Laboratory since the more traditional techniques of latent finger print analysis and document analysis are well known
Supersymmetric States in M5/M2 CFTs
We propose an exact, finite formula for the partition function over
BPS states in the conformal field theory on the world volume of
coincident M5 branes and BPS states in the theory of coincident
M2 branes. We obtain our partition function by performing the radial
quantization of the Coulomb Branches of these theories, and rederive the same
formula from the quantization of supersymmetric giant and dual giant gravitons
in and . Our partition function is
qualitatively similar to the analogous quantity in Yang Mills. It
reduces to the sum over supersymmetric multi gravitons at low energies, but
deviates from this supergravity formula at energies that scale like a positive
power of .Comment: 24 pages, harvmac; v2 reference adde
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