Axially and Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanine and Azaphthalocyanine Complexes for Heterojunction Design

The aim of this work was to synthesize novel phthalocyanines and pyrazinoporphyrazines with the main group elements and transition metals. The conformational rigidity and the steric bulk of their peripherally annelated cyclohexene rings tend to reduce the degree of aggregation, thus enhancing the solubility of these 42 π- Hückel aromatic system without inhibiting their tendencies to form crystalline phases. For central metals having an oxidation state > II, the possibility of introducing anionic axial ligands Lax, at the metal center was investigated and the optical properties of these chromophores were determined. In addition to their high solubility, some of the synthesized chromophores were found to be sublimable. Phthalocyanines and related compounds are interesting materials for optoelectronic applications; thus, a study of the electronic HOMO and LUMO alignment and coupling of these new chromophores at different heterojunction interfaces is outlined

Wound Surface Area and Colony Count of Various Modes of Phototherapy

Background: The degree of tissue damage caused by related inflammatory and immunological sequelae poses a major therapeutic treatment problem in burn wounds. Chronic wounds frequently have a significant bioburden and pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics. This review article discusses present research on phototherapy, which is believed to be useful in managing wound bioburden and promoting healing.Objective: To evaluate the wound healing efficacy of polarized light therapy (BLT) against low-level laser therapy (GaAs laser) in order to determine which is more efficient and successful at speeding burn healing.Subject and methods: The current study enrolled thirty patients having partial thickness thermal burn on the forearm (dermal burn). They were selected from Burn Unit at Legislation Association Hospital for Burns & Oncology. They were randomly assigned into two equal groups: Group (A) that included fifteen patients who received the BLT with mean age of 28.8 ± 2.51 years old and group (B) that enrolled fifteen patients who received LLLT with mean age of 29.6 ± 2.79 years old. Both groups also received traditional physical therapy and conservative treatment for the burn site three times weekly for four weeks.Results: Group A and B showed a significant reduction in colony count and wound surface area after treatment in comparison to that before treatment (p > 0.001). In group A, the colony count and wound surface area decreased by 38.63% and 55.1% respectively, but in group B, by 15.6% and 37.92% respectively.Conclusion: Both polarized light therapy and low-level laser therapy had a therapeutic efficiency on wound healing, but BLT is more efficient and more successful in the acceleration of the burned wounds healing

Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy Versus Bioptron on Psoriasis

Purpose: The current study was carried-out to examine the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy versus bioptron on psoriasis. Subjects and Methods: 60 patients of both sexes with psoriasis contributed in this study and they were aged from 30 to 60 years. They were randomized into two groups of the same number (A and B). Group (A) were given low level laser therapy (LLLT) and medical care, while group (B) were given bioptron light therapy (BLT) and the same medical care that received in group (A). The variables included Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and Dermoscopic finding were measured pre and post intervention program on psoriatic patients in both groups. Both groups were given treatment program 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks. Results: following 8 consecutive weeks, both groups showed statistically significant improvement in all outcome measures, however there was a significant difference between them post treatment, favoring group (A). Conclusion: Low level laser therapy and bioptron were beneficial treatment modalities in psoriatic patients and LLLT may be more effective in treating psoriasis

Design grammars as evaluation tools in the first year studio

This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students. The workshop is the third of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new pattern of architectural education. The experiment was planned under the theme of “Evaluation” during the final stage. A grammatical approach was chosen to deliver the methodology in the design studio, based on shape grammars

Humoral Immunogenicity and Efficacy of a Single Dose of ChAdOx1 MERS Vaccine Candidate in Dromedary Camels

MERS-CoV seronegative and seropositive camels received a single intramuscular dose of ChAdOx1 MERS, a replication-deficient adenoviral vectored vaccine expressing MERS-CoV spike protein, with further groups receiving control vaccinations. Infectious camels with active naturally acquired MERS-CoV infection, were co-housed with the vaccinated camels at a ratio of 1:2 (infected:vaccinated); nasal discharge and virus titres were monitored for 14 days. Overall, the vaccination reduced virus shedding and nasal discharge (p = 0.0059 and p = 0.0274, respectively). Antibody responses in seropositive camels were enhancedby the vaccine; these camels had a higher average age than seronegative. Older seronegative camels responded more strongly to vaccination than younger animals; and neutralising antibodies were detected in nasal swabs. Further work is required to optimise vaccine regimens for younger seronegative camels

Help Me Evacuate! A Smart Adaptable Evacuation System With Congestion Prediction Capabilities

Emergency evacuation planning is a vital problem that affects building occupants’ safety. The commonly used static evacuation plans rely on static signs disregarding crowd density changes. Such static plans often lead to congestion at emergency exits; since many occupants tend to avoid following exit signs as they feel safer following the crowds exiting the building or following other paths familiar to them. This paper proposes a smart and adaptable evacuation system that predicts congestion and adapts accordingly to minimize evacuation time. We introduce a simulation model that mimics occupants’ movement in different building layouts. The proposed system performs Monte Carlo simulations to forecast possible congestion locations and guide occupants away from them. Guiding directions are displayed and updated to consider dynamic environment changes. We evaluated our approach compared to a greedy evacuation method that relies on static exit signs, showing a significant evacuation time improvement of 21% achieved on average by our approach

Comparative evaluation of Interleukin-6, somatic cell count and electrical conductivity as predictive tools for subclinical mastitis in dairy Buffaloes

Due to the economic and public health importance of mastitis, the present study was designed to evaluate the use of new sensitive subclinical mastitis detection system in dairy buffaloes in comparison to well-established used methods. The new method involved the specific quantification of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in buffaloes’ milk using ELISA specific for bovine IL-6. 36 out of 50 buffaloes’ milk samples were found to be subclinicaly mastitic with a mean interleukin-6 value of 51.3±4.9 ng/ml. IL-6 determination showed great superiority and sensitivity for detection of subclinical mastitis in comparison to somatic cell count and electrical conductivity. Milk IL-6 determination comprises a valuable candidate for prediction of subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes

Axially and Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanine and Azaphthalocyanine Complexes for Heterojunction Design

The aim of this work was to synthesize novel phthalocyanines and pyrazinoporphyrazines with the main group elements and transition metals. The conformational rigidity and the steric bulk of their peripherally annelated cyclohexene rings tend to reduce the degree of aggregation, thus enhancing the solubility of these 42 π- Hückel aromatic system without inhibiting their tendencies to form crystalline phases. For central metals having an oxidation state > II, the possibility of introducing anionic axial ligands Lax, at the metal center was investigated and the optical properties of these chromophores were determined. In addition to their high solubility, some of the synthesized chromophores were found to be sublimable. Phthalocyanines and related compounds are interesting materials for optoelectronic applications; thus, a study of the electronic HOMO and LUMO alignment and coupling of these new chromophores at different heterojunction interfaces is outlined

A Hybrid Flower Pollination Algorithm with Tabu Search for Unconstrained Optimization Problems

Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is a novel metaheuristic optimization algorithm with quick convergence, but its population diversity and convergence precision can be limited in some problems. In order to enhance its exploitation and exploration abilities, in this paper a novel hybrid flower pollination algorithm with Tabu Search (TS-FPA) has been applied to unconstrained optimization problems. TS-FPA is validated by ten benchmark functions. The results show that the proposed algorithm is able to obtained accurate solution, and it also has a fast convergence speed and a high degree of stability