Sarah Hardage in Senior Piano Recital

This is the program for the senior piano recital of Sarah Hardage. Baritone Julian Wood assisted the performance. This recital took place on April 22, 1932, in the College Auditorium

Three-Dimensional Modeling and Visualization of Whole Norway Spruce Latewood Tracheids

The three-dimensional morphology of four whole Norway spruce latewood tracheids is described in this work. Tracheids are shown to have a characteristic shape composed of five different morphological zones. Visualization of the different morphological zones was accomplished with the use of computerized three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. 3D reconstructions were generated from stacks of micrographs obtained from serial sections of a wood block. The micrographs were processed and integrated in a CAD-based computerized modeling system using Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS), which produces 3D reconstructions consisting of surfaces or volumetric bodies. Volumetric changes in relation to hydration state of latewood tracheid segments were studied. It was found that tracheid tips swell less than central regions, and that as a consequence of swelling, the cell walls of Norway spruce latewood tracheids expand inward towards the lumen

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Collapse Behavior of Kraft-Cooked Norway Spruce Fibers

Computerized reconstruction and measurement of cross-sectional compactness were used to analyze the collapse behavior of fibers in a kraft-cooked fiber bundle containing early- and transition wood fibers. The results show that the collapse behavior of delignified fibers may be determined by fiber structure and dimensions, and how these are affected by the action of external forces. Nevertheless, some deformation may also arise from internal stresses during drying. Cross-sectional compactness was shown to correlate with the collapse resistance of fiber walls. Results show that the collapse behavior of thin-walled fibers with similar cross-sectional compactness values may vary greatly along the fiber axis. Cross-sectional compactness was relatively higher and constant along the fiber axis for fibers with thick cell walls. Fibers with thin cell walls showed lower values of cross-sectional compactness, which seem to decrease towards the middle of the fiber. Cross-sectional compactness seems to increase towards the fiber tips. Fiber ends may become flattened after delignification independently of high values of cross-sectional compactness. Computerized 3D reconstruction techniques may be a valuable tool in understanding the collapse behavior of pulp fibers

CRUW Mechanical Pulping sub-project 1: Effect of different refining pressures and energy using spruce TMP pulps from Braviken

The mechanical pulping industry faces continued rising energy costs and increasing competition for raw material. In order to produce improved products based on mechanical pulp at lower energy consumption it is necessary to have a better understanding of the development of fundamental fibre properties during the processes. In particular, changes in fibre collapsibility, fibre fibrillation and fibre and surface development are of great interest. The overall goal of the CRUW Mechanical Pulping project is “Support development of more energy efficient mechanical pulping processes by increasing the knowledge on ultrastructural phenomena in mechanical pulping”. This project is working closely together with the Industrial Research College for Mechanical Pulping Technology bringing in the ultrastructural competence to more clearly understand and explain phenomena observed in these projects thus making it easier to develop new and improved processes to reduce energy consumption. This report presents results from CRUW Mechanical Pulping sub-project 1: ”Effect of different refining pressures and energy using spruce TMP pulps from Braviken”. The influence of temperature on the softening of lignin and hence improved (easier) fibre separation and treatment was noted earlier (Becker et al. 1977; Salmén 1984). Based on this knowledge, different process alternatives have been suggested to reduce energy demand for the refining process. One of the earliest publications on a technical system utilizing higher temperature and pressure was by Höglund et al. 1997 (Thermopulp). These results have been reproduced in many studies and are today considered general knowledge. There are however many practical problems with such a system. For example, the resulting very small refining gaps are difficult to control and it has therefore taken time to establish this technology in the industry. In the new TMP line at Braviken, the refiners are equipped to run at higher temperature/pressure than normal and it has therefore been interesting to study these pulps in order to explain the effects on pulp/fibres at an ultrastructural level. It should be noted that in a fibre-water-steam system, temperature and pressure are not independent variables and higher pressure means higher temperature and vice versa

Gender differences in the association between self-rated health and hypertension in a Korean adult population

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Self-rated health (SRH) has been reported as a predictor of mortality in previous studies. This study aimed to examine whether SRH is independently associated with hypertension and if there is a gender difference in this association.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>16,956 community dwelling adults aged 20 and over within a defined geographic area participated in this study. Data on SRH, socio-demographic factors (age, gender, marital status, education) and health behaviors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity) were collected. Body mass index and blood pressure were measured. Logistic regression models were used to determine a relationship between SRH and hypertension.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>32.5% of the participants were found to have hypertension. Women were more likely than men to rate their SRH as poor (<it>p </it>< 0.001), and the older age groups rated their SRH more negatively in both men and women (<it>p </it>< 0.001). While the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) of participants rating their SRH as very poor for hypertension in men was OR 1.70 (1.13-2.58), that in women was OR 2.83 (1.80-4.44). Interaction between SRH and gender was significant (<it>p </it>< 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>SRH was independently associated with hypertension in a Korean adult population. This association was modified by gender.</p

Gender, ethnicity, health behaviour & self-rated health in Singapore

10.1186/1471-2458-7-184BMC Public Health718

Functional and self-rated health mediate the association between diabetes and depression

Depression is common among persons with diabetes and associated with adverse health outcomes. To date, little is known about the causal mechanisms that lead to depression in diabetes. The aim of the present study was to examine to which extent functional and self-rated health mediate the association between physical health and depressive symptoms in diabetes. Data of n = 3222 individuals with type 2 diabetes were analyzed cross-sectionally and longitudinally at three measurement occasions using path analysis. Indicators of physical health were glycemic control, number of comorbid somatic diseases, BMI, and insulin dependence. Furthermore, functional health, self-rated health and depressive symptoms were assessed. The effects of physical health on depressive symptoms were largely mediated by functional health and self-rated health. There was only a weak indirect effect of physical health on depressive symptoms. In contrast, self-rated health was a strong direct predictor of depressive symptoms. Self-rated health in turn depended strongly on patients’ functional health. The way individuals perceive their health appears to have a stronger effect on their depressive symptoms than objective physical indicators of diabetes. Therefore practitioners should be trained to pay more attention to their patients’ subjective health perceptions