Perfil nutracéutico sensorial de cultivares de ajo en Mendoza

Habiendo gran diversidad en los ajos argentinos, tanto por sus características agronómicas como en las gastronómicas y nutracéuticas, parece un despropósito no encontrar estos en las góndolas de los supermercados etiquetados con información simple que le avise al consumidor sobre estas. Una forma rápida de caracterizar las propiedades nutracéuticas y sensoriales de las cultivares de ajo es a través del análisis de sólidos totales (que representan la aptitud de conservación), de piruvatos (que representa el picor) y fenoles totales (que representan la capacidad antioxidante o protección cardiovascular). En el ajo y otras hortalizas de Allium, el contenido total de sólidos se considera un carácter de calidad asociado positivamente con la intensidad del sabor, la duración de la vida útil poscosecha y la aptitud para el deshidratado en la industria alimentaria. El contenido total de sólidos se estima por diferencia de peso entre las muestras frescas y secas, y se expresa como porcentaje (%) de peso fresco. Las determinaciones del contenido total de piruvato se realizan típicamente por espectrofotometría. Los resultados se expresan en micromoles de piruvato por gramo de peso fresco (μmol/g pf). Ya que se trata de un procedimiento analítico relativamente simple, rápido y económico, y a su correlación positiva con el contenido total de tiosulfinatos, los compuestos directamente implicados en la pungencia y las propiedades antiplaquetarias del ajo, el análisis de piruvato se usa extensamente para predecir la intensidad del sabor y el valor nutracéutico del ajo.EEA La ConsultaFil: Barboza Rojas, Karina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Cavagnaro, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; ArgentinaFil: Burba, José Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; Argentin

Use of open mobile mapping tool to assess human mobility traceability in rural offline populations with contrasting malaria dynamics

Infectious disease dynamics are affected by human mobility more powerfully than previously thought, and thus reliable traceability data are essential. In rural riverine settings, lack of infrastructure and dense tree coverage deter the implementation of cutting-edge technology to collect human mobility data. To overcome this challenge, this study proposed the use of a novel open mobile mapping tool, GeoODK. This study consists of a purposive sampling of 33 participants in six villages with contrasting patterns of malaria transmission that demonstrates a feasible approach to map human mobility. The self-reported traceability data allowed the construction of the first human mobility framework in rural riverine villages in the Peruvian Amazon. The mobility spectrum in these areas resulted in travel profiles ranging from 2 hours to 19 days; and distances between 10 to 167 km. Most Importantly, occupational-related mobility profiles with the highest displacements (in terms of time and distance) were observed in commercial, logging, and hunting activities. These data are consistent with malaria transmission studies in the area that show villages in watersheds with higher human movement are concurrently those with greater malaria risk. The approach we describe represents a potential tool to gather critical information that can facilitate malaria control activities

Heterogeneidad de la vegetación en ambientes basálticos del centro de Argentina

Se decribe la flora y la vegetación de pasiajes basálticos de la Sierra de Los Cóndores, Córdoba, Argentina. La vegetación se estudió según criterios de la escuela de Braun-Blanquet; la matriz de 98 inventarios × 272 spp. fue clasificada a través del método ISOPAM. El análisis discrimina tres comunidades correspondientes respectivamente a las tres geoformas relevadas en estos paisajes: Islas rocosas (inselbergs), la Matriz Natural que rodea a las Islas y la Matriz Agrícola que circunda al complejo de paisajes basálticos. Las tres comunidades difieren en su composición florística: las Islas rocosas son los sitios menos perturbados, más ricos en especies, con mayor diversidad, mayor número de especies endémicas y su fisonomía está dominada por formas arbustivas. En el otro extremo, la Matriz Agrícola es la más pobre en especies, la de menor diversidad y endemicidad, y predominan las hierbas perennes y anuales. Las Islas rocosas y la Matriz Natural registran bajos números de especies exóticas en su composición, mientras cerca del 50% de la flora de la matriz agrícola se compone de especies adventicias. Los resultados de este estudio revelan la importancia de las islas rocosas basálticas para la conservación del patrimonio natural de la provincia de Córdoba.Fil: Cantero, Juan Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Biología Agrícola; ArgentinaFil: Mulko, José. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Biología Agrícola; ArgentinaFil: Nuñez, César. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Biología Agrícola; ArgentinaFil: Zeballos, Sebastián Rodolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Sfragulla, Jorge A.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Amuchastegui, Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Biología Agrícola; ArgentinaFil: Barboza, Gloria Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; ArgentinaFil: Chiarini, Franco Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Ariza Espinar, Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Bonalumi, Aldo Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Brandolin, Pablo Germán. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Cabido, Marcelo Ruben. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

Synthetic lethal activity of benzophenanthridine alkaloids from Zanthoxylum coco against BRCA1-deficientcancer cells

Several plants from South America show strong antitumoral properties based on anti-proliferative and/or pro-apoptotic activities. In this work we aimed to identify selective cytotoxic compounds that target BRCA1-deficient cancer cells by Synthetic Lethality (SL) induction. Using a high-throughput screening technology developed in our laboratory, we analyzed a collection of extracts from 46 native plant species from Argentina using a wide dose-response scheme. A highly selective SL-induction capacity was found in an alkaloidal extract from Zanthoxylum coco (Fam. Rutaceae). Bio-guided fractionation coupled to HPLC led to the identification of active benzophenanthridine alkaloids. The most potent SL activity was found with the compound oxynitidine, which showed a remarkably low relative abundance in the active fractions. Further validation experiments were performed using the commercially available and closely related analog nitidine, which showed SL-induction activity against various BRCA1-deficient cell lines with different genetic backgrounds, even in the nanomolar range. Exploration of the underlying mechanism of action using BRCA1-KO cells revealed AKT and topoisomerases as the potential targets responsible of nitidine-triggered SL-induction. Taken together, our findings expose an unforeseen therapeutic activity of alkaloids from Zanthoxylum-spp. that position them as novel lead molecules for drug discovery.Fil: García, Iris Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Pansa, Maria Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Pacciaroni, Adriana del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Química Orgánica; ArgentinaFil: García, Manuela Emila. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Maria Laura. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad José Sanchez Labrador S. J. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad José Sanchez Labrador S. J.; ArgentinaFil: Oberti, Juan Carlos María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Bocco, Jose Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Carpinella, Maria Cecilia. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad José Sanchez Labrador S. J. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad José Sanchez Labrador S. J.; ArgentinaFil: Barboza, Gloria Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Nicotra, Viviana Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Soria, Gastón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentin

Eugenol mitigated acute lung but not spermatic toxicity of C60 fullerene emulsion in mice

C60 fullerene (C60) is a nano-pollutant that can damage the respiratory system. Eugenol exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We aimed to investigate the time course of C60 emulsion-induced pulmonary and spermatic harms, as well as the effect of eugenol on C60 emulsion toxicity. The first group of mice (protocol 1) received intratracheally C60 emulsion (1.0 mg/kg BW) or vehicle and were tested at 12, 24, 72 and 96 h (F groups) thereafter. The second group of mice (protocol 2) received intratracheally C60 emulsion or vehicle, 1 h later were gavaged with eugenol (150 mg/kg) or vehicle, and experiments were done 24 h after instillation. Lung mechanics, morphology, redox markers, cytokines and epididymal spermatozoa were analyzed. Protocol 1: Tissue damping (G) and elastance (H) were significantly higher in F24 than in others groups, except for H in F72. Morphological and inflammatory parameters were worst at 24 h and subsequently declined until 96 h, whereas redox and spermatic parameters worsened over the whole period. Eugenol eliminated the increase in G, H, cellularity, and cytokines, attenuated oxidative stress induced by C60 exposure, but had no effect on sperm. Hence, exposure to C60 emulsion deteriorated lung morphofunctional, redox and inflammatory characteristics and increased the risk of infertility. Furthermore, eugenol avoided those changes, but did not prevent sperm damage

TLR4-Mediated Placental Pathology and Pregnancy Outcome in Experimental Malaria

Malaria-associate pregnancy has a significant impact on infant morbidity and mortality. The detrimental effects of malaria infection during pregnancy have been shown to correlate with immune activation in the placental tissue. Herein we sought to evaluate the effect of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) activation on placental malaria (PM) development by using the Plasmodium berghei NK65(GFP) infection model. We observed that activation of the innate immune system by parasites leads to PM due to local inflammation. We identified TLR4 activation as the main pathway involved in the inflammatory process in the placental tissue since the absence of functional TLR4 in mice leads to a decrease in the pro-inflammatory responses, which resulted in an improved pregnancy outcome. Additionally, a similar result was obtained when infected pregnant mice were treated with IAXO-101, a TLR4/CD14 blocker. Together, this study illustrates the importance of TLR4 signalling for the generation of the severe inflammatory response involved in PM pathogenesis. Therefore, our results implicate that TLR4 blockage could be a potential candidate for therapeutic interventions to reduce malaria-induced pathology both in the mother and the fetus.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo - FAPESPCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqUniv Fed São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Diadema, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Biol Celular & Desenvolvimento, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Dept Genet Evolucao & Bioagentes, Inst Biol, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Imunol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Analises Clin & Toxicol, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, Diadema, BrazilFAPESP: 2009/53889-0FAPESP: 2014/09964-5FAPESP: 2014/20451-0FAPESP: 2012/16525-2FAPESP: 2011/17880-8FAPESP: 2013/16417-8FAPESP: 2011/19048-8FAPESP: 2013/00981-1FAPESP: 2015/06106-0]CAPES: AUX-PE-PNPD 2751/2010CNPq: 475771/2009-5Web of Scienc

Open-Source 3D Printable GPS Tracker to Characterize the Role of Human Population Movement on Malaria Epidemiology in River Networks: A Proof-of-Concept Study in the Peruvian Amazon.

Human movement affects malaria epidemiology at multiple geographical levels; however, few studies measure the role of human movement in the Amazon Region due to the challenging conditions and cost of movement tracking technologies. We developed an open-source low-cost 3D printable GPS-tracker and used this technology in a cohort study to characterize the role of human population movement in malaria epidemiology in a rural riverine village in the Peruvian Amazon. In this pilot study of 20 participants (mean age = 40 years old), 45,980 GPS coordinates were recorded over 1 month. Characteristic movement patterns were observed relative to the infection status and occupation of the participants. Applying two analytical animal movement ecology methods, utilization distributions (UDs) and integrated step selection functions (iSSF), we showed contrasting environmental selection and space use patterns according to infection status. These data suggested an important role of human movement in the epidemiology of malaria in the Peruvian Amazon due to high connectivity between villages of the same riverine network, suggesting limitations of current community-based control strategies. We additionally demonstrate the utility of this low-cost technology with movement ecology analysis to characterize human movement in resource-poor environments

Malaria seroepidemiology in very low transmission settings in the Peruvian Amazon

Despite progress towards malaria reduction in Peru, measuring exposure in low transmission areas is crucial for achieving elimination. This study focuses on two very low transmission areas in Loreto (Peruvian Amazon) and aims to determine the relationship between malaria exposure and proximity to health facilities. Individual data was collected from 38 villages in Indiana and Belen, including geo-referenced households and blood samples for microscopy, PCR and serological analysis. A segmented linear regression model identified significant changes in seropositivity trends among different age groups. Local Getis-Ord Gi* statistic revealed clusters of households with high (hotspots) or low (coldspots) seropositivity rates. Findings from 4000 individuals showed a seropositivity level of 2.5% (95%CI: 2.0%-3.0%) for P. falciparum and 7.8% (95%CI: 7.0%-8.7%) for P. vivax, indicating recent or historical exposure. The segmented regression showed exposure reductions in the 40–50 age group (β1 = 0.043, p = 0.003) for P. vivax and the 50–60 age group (β1 = 0.005, p = 0.010) for P. falciparum. Long and extreme distance villages from Regional Hospital of Loreto exhibited higher malaria exposure compared to proximate and medium distance villages (p < 0.001). This study showed the seropositivity of malaria in two very low transmission areas and confirmed the spatial pattern of hotspots as villages become more distant

Global Outcome Assessment Life-long after stroke in young adults initiative-the GOAL initiative : study protocol and rationale of a multicentre retrospective individual patient data meta-analysis

Introduction Worldwide, 2 million patients aged 18-50 years suffer a stroke each year, and this number is increasing. Knowledge about global distribution of risk factors and aetiologies, and information about prognosis and optimal secondary prevention in young stroke patients are limited. This limits evidence-based treatment and hampers the provision of appropriate information regarding the causes of stroke, risk factors and prognosis of young stroke patients. Methods and analysis The Global Outcome Assessment Life-long after stroke in young adults (GOAL) initiative aims to perform a global individual patient data meta-analysis with existing data from young stroke cohorts worldwide. All patients aged 18-50 years with ischaemic stroke or intracerebral haemorrhage will be included. Outcomes will be the distribution of stroke aetiology and (vascular) risk factors, functional outcome after stroke, risk of recurrent vascular events and death and finally the use of secondary prevention. Subgroup analyses will be made based on age, gender, aetiology, ethnicity and climate of residence.Peer reviewe

Subsídios para o planejamento estratégico costeiro do município de Jaguaruna, Santa Catarina

The unplanned occupation of the Coastal Zone has promoted the replacement of the original natural environment by the anthropic environment. This transformation generates conditions that unbalance the Environmental Diversity (abiotic and biotic natures) and prejudice the anthropic environment. This problem tends to continue and worsen in small municipalities; as is the case of municipality of Jaguaruna, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The present paper presents the method of structuring the irst steps of a coastal strategic plan developed in Camacho Balneary/Jaguaruna through actions and scenarios of management based on conlict conditions mapping, the application of the Legal - Environmental Criticality Index (ICLA, in Portuguese), the paradigm of Geodiversity and the local sedimentary dynamics. In a Geographic Information System environment, the regionalization of the Environmental Diversity landscape was carried out by "map algebra" of abiotic and biotic information. After identifying and ranking the main conlict conditions by applying the ICLA, each conlict condition with an area over 1,000 m2 was evaluated. There were 71 conlict conditions, which cover 79.91% of the areas occupied with urban or agricultural activities. When comparing the results with the current management instruments, the main restrictions observed were: disrespect for legal and environmental constraints of occupation; poor sanitation; territory and urban zoning incoherent with the socio-spatial dynamics of Jaguaruna; lack of inancial investment; and insuicient technical staf