Investigation of the influence of the zeta-potential on the filtration rate in the presence of collectors

The value of the zeta-potential does not have an explicit effect, which is expressed by a simple math correlation, on filtration rate when a solution of the tested collector is filtered through a cake prepared under standard conditions from the examined particulate material. The zeta-potential measurements and filtration tests were carried out on silica and galena with solutions contg. a cationic container ANP and Et xanthane, resp. at PH = 6.5, varying concentration of the agent (0-2500 g/ton), and under a vacuum of 100 to 600 mm Hg

Cathodoluminescence of Carbonates: New Applications in Geology and Archaeology

Several new applications of cathodoluminescence (CL) have been developed during the last few years, including: combined CL imaging and/or spectroscopy and CL observations of carbonates previously considered to be non-luminescent or of minor interest. Basically, two previously unstudied types of carbonates were investigated: marbles, and recent shells. From numerous classical white marble samples, cathodomicrofacies were defined and described. A single cathodomicrofacies is generally characteristic of a given area. This finding permits identification of the source of white marbles and has been successfully applied to ancient marbles from different collections. Despite the well established idea that CL in biogenic carbonates is due solely to diagenetic phenomena, most recent biogenic carbonates show growth zonations which are enhanced under CL. This phenomenon is independent of shell mineralogy (calcite or aragonite), habitat (marine or fresh water), life mode or environment. Thus, the idea that unaltered shells are non-luminescent is contradicted. These observations have important implications for future studies of geochemical paleo-oceanic reconstructions as well as ontogenetic researches. Low-luminescing calcites are good examples of blue CL emission in natural calcite. Preliminary results are shown. One of the major advantages of using CL is that the original structure and texture of the sample is observable and there is no averaging of chemical information. CL gives in situ information on intrinsic (host lattice) luminescence emissions and the pattern of trace elements in the crystals. To quantitatively interpret the CL image, a non-destructive in situ method of chemical analysis is needed. Further progress in CL is likely to include quantitative spectroscopy and in situ chemical analyses

Translating Articles in the Humanities and Social Sciences.

International audienceMy study mainly consists in analysing precise examples rather than developing long theories, as the readers of this journal are not translation experts, but would benefit from a translator's viewpoint for their own research. The study focuses on written articles and leaves oral communications aside because they entail different translation issues (e.g. ways to address an English-speaking audience, simpler syntax, or words easy to pronounce for a non-native English speaker). The corpus of the article is extracted from my own experience as a freelance translator and tackles different fields, i.e. management, law, psychology and even geography. All the examples are either translated from English to French or from French to English. My study aims to debunk misconceptions about translation, more specifically in academic environments. I chose to divide my presentation in six main stereotypes : 1) Translating is easier and quicker than writing. Wrong. Translating is a long-term process which involves, among other things, language skills, content-based knowledge, appropriating the rationale and ideas of the author, and rewriting the whole article, the translator becoming a co-author of the article. 2) Machine translation yields good results. Wrong. Even if machine translation is a useful, time-saving tool for translators and researchers, it cannot replace human translators who are still needed at least for post-editing. 3) Literal translation ensures the quality of the translation. Wrong. Being faithful to the words in the source language text would often sound awkward in the target language ; the translated article would sound like a translation, without intending to do so for stylistic reasons. A case in point is, when authors can translate their own articles, they rephrase their own work and usually choose a different perspective from their original article ; they do not convey exactly the same meaning in the translated article. 4) Everyone speaks the same English. Wrong. Each country-or even states for larger countries-use English differently and have developed their own English. Authors should therefore write their articles differently when they submit their paper to a British, American, Australian, Canadian or Indian journal. This factor also depends on the scientific community you belong to, as it will superimpose specific terminology, phraseology and standards to tackle the same subject

The Constitutional Right To Protect Honor, Dignity And Business Reputation Of Police Officers And Its Civil Implementation

The article is devoted to the research on the constitutional right to protect honor and dignity, the mechanism for its implementation in accordance with the norms of civil law. The work reveals the peculiarities of honor, dignity, and reputation of police officers. The interconnection of these categories is due to the dual nature of the status of a policeman as an individual and a representative of the authorities, a determination of his personal and professional qualities. At the same time, on the basis of a communicative approach, a distinction of these categories is proposed.Reputation manifests itself in public relations when a police officer carries out his official duties. In this sphere, the possibilities to protect reputation are limited by the need to ensure freedom of speech, the constitutional right to apply to public authorities. Freedom of speech in these cases has priority, provided its fair use. The protection of the reputation of a police officer is also a means of protecting the reputation of law enforcement agencies and the state as a whole.Honor and dignity as personal non-property rights can be affected in private relationships in which the policeman participates as a private person. At the same time, in the area of private relations, which have a special one-to-one trust-building character, the possibilities to protect honor and dignity are limited.

Des récréations pour enseigner les mathématiques avec Lucas, Fourrey, Laisant

International audienceSourceURL:file://localhost/Users/evelynebarbin/Desktop/Article-HPM%202016-Actes/HPM2016-+Barbin&Guitart.doc À la fin du xixe siècle, il existe un retour aux récréations mathématiques dans une communauté française de mathématiciens, enseignants et amateurs. La nouveauté de ce retour est la volonté des auteurs d'inscrire les récréations dans l'histoire des mathématiques, de rechercher leur valeur pour l'enseignement et de développer de nouvelles mathématiques pour résoudre les problèmes qui leur sont liés. Nous trouvons ces trois intérêts historiques, pédagogiques et mathématiques chez Édouard Lucas, Émile Fourrey et Charles-Ange Laisant. Les récréations choisies par eux indiquent un continuum entre les trois propos. Avec eux, les récréations ne sont pas seulement un moyen d'amuser et elles deviennent une matière sérieuse à enseigner, selon des conceptions mathématiques et éducatives que nous analysons dans cet article.</p

La réception d’une publicité traduite pour le Liban : entre adaptation et censure

International audienceWe studied censorship in Lebanese advertising and the role played by translators. To avoid offending consumers, adapting a text often means prior censorship conducted by the translator before publication or post censorship imposed by the authorities after publication. By analyzing an advertisement having an implicitly sexual message, we tried to show the extent to which this advertisement could offend Lebanese people and would therefore need to be censored. We based our work on an attitude survey which was conducted among Lebanese women and also interviewed experts in advertising. The participants were asked to give an aesthetic and moral judgment on the advertisement and to suggest changes to the image and the message. The different levels of acceptance enabled us to draw a typology of consumers which was then linked to the choices made by the translators. Our study proved that censorship is more a question of personal judgment than religion.Nous avons étudié ici la place de la censure dans la publicité libanaise et le rôle joué par le traducteur. Pour éviter les chocs de réception, l’adaptation prend souvent la forme d’autocensure chez le traducteur et celle de censure restrictive par les agents de la Sûreté nationale. En développant l'exemple d'une publicité à caractère sexuel implicite, notre analyse a tenté de montrer dans quelle mesure cette annonce pourrait choquer le public libanais et être ainsi censurée. Nous nous sommes fondés sur des entretiens réalisés auprès des professionnels de la publicité au Liban et sur un test de réception réalisé auprès de femmes libanaises. Nous leur avons demandé de porter un jugement esthétique et moral sur cette publicité et de se prononcer sur les modifications à apporter au niveau visuel et textuel. Les divers degrés d’acceptation de l’annonce nous ont permis de dresser une typologie des récepteurs à mettre en parallèle avec les choix du traducteur. Il en est notamment ressorti que la censure se traduisait plus en termes de jugement personnel que d’appartenance religieuse

Teste modificado de Bonferroni e Sidak

Para a comprovação de hipóteses, experimentos são conduzidos e os resultados obtidos analisados estatisticamente. Entende-se que, em função dos testes utilizados, muito material de importância prática tem sido descartado. Neste estudo, dois testes de Bonferroni Modificados e um teste de Sidak Modificado foram desenvolvidos, o poder desses testes avaliados através da simulação de 1.200 experimentos e sua eficiência comparada às de testes de significância mais conhecidos. As diferenças das médias foram, todas elas, obtidas em relação à média do tratamento controle de forma a garantir, parametricamente, a magnitude das diferenças. O teste de Student (do tipo erro I, por comparação), Waller-Duncan teste (erro de natureza bayesiana) mostraram mais alta porcentagem de diferenças significativas seguida pelos testes de Duncan, BM2, SiM, BM1, Dunnett, SNK, REGWF, REGWQ, Tukey, Sidak e Bonferroni. Para diferenças iguais a zero, os testes de Student, Waller-Duncan exibem frequência de rejeição da hipótese nula próxima a 0,05, de acordo com o erro tipo I adotado (alfa = 0,05). Os outros testes exibem valores ; 0.05), proportional to the number of null differences included in the experiment; all other tests exhibit showed of type I experimentwise error < 0.05, most nearing 0.01-0.02 or less. Efficiency of the three "Modified Tests" was close to DunnettU's test, but higher than the other testes of type I experimentwise error nature (MEER)

Prediction models of Eucalyptus grandis plant survival

Objetivou-se com este trabalho comparar modelos de predição de plantas sobreviventes de Eucalyptus grandis. Utilizaram-se os seguintes modelos: modelo linear misto com os dados transformados, utilizando-se as transformações angular e BOX-COX; modelo linear generalizado misto com distribuição binomial e funções de ligação logística, probit e complemento log-log; modelo linear generalizado misto com distribuição Poisson e função de ligação logarítmica. Os dados são provenientes de um experimento em blocos ao acaso, para avaliação de progênies maternas de Eucalyptus grandis, aos 5 anos de idade, em que a variável resposta são plantas sobreviventes. Para comparação dos efeitos entre os modelos foram estimadas as correlações de Spearman e aplicado o teste de permutação de Fisher. Foi possível concluir que, o modelo linear generalizado misto com distribuição Poisson e função de ligação logarítmica se ajustou mal aos dados e que as estimativas para os efeitos fixos e predição para os efeitos aleatórios, não se diferenciaram entre os demais modelos estudados.The objective of this work was to compare models for prediction of the survival of plants of Eucalyptus grandis. The following models were used: linear mixed model with the transformed data, by utilizing the angular transformations and BOX-COX; generalized linear mixed model with binomial distribution and logistic functions, probit and complement log-log links; generalized linear mixed model with Poisson distribution and logarithmic link function. The data came from a randomized block experiment for evaluation of Eucalyptus grandis maternal progenies at five years old, in which the variable response are surviving plants. For comparison of the effects among the models the correlations of Spearman were estimated and the test of permutation of Fisher was applied. It was possible to conclude that: the generalized linear mixed model with Poisson distribution and logarithmic link function misadjusted to the data; the estimates for the fixed effects and prediction for the random effects did not differ among the to other studied models

Experimental study of the ageing of building stones exposed to sulfurous and nitric acid atmospheres

During the last few decades, due to remediation procedures, SO2 emissions in the atmosphere have decreased, unlike NOx. Air pollution has changed. Indeed, the aim of this research is to assess the effect of NOx and their interactions with SO2 on stones, particularly on limestones used in Champagne-Ardenne (France) during the restoration processes. Three French building limestones (Courville, Dom and Savonnières) and one reconstituted stone were exposed during 28 days to four strong acid atmospheres i.e. two H2SO3 solutions with different concentrations and two mixed atmospheres with different proportions of HNO3 and H2SO3. These tests produced an intensive acid attack on the stone, allowing the observation of short-term salt precipitation and the evolution of stone properties. Each day, one sample was removed from the acid atmosphere to measure the concentration of SO4(2-) and NO3(-) by ion-chromatography. The surface changes were assessed before and after the tests by 3D scanning and observations with electron microscopy. X-ray microtomography has been performed in the Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT) and the Department of Geology at Ghent University (Belgium) in order to observe the penetration of salts and the consequences in stones porosity. First observations showed that exposure to acid atmosphere, led to gypsum efflorescences. Obvious colour changes occurred in all tests. Salt crystallization entailed a change in the porous system, which was evidenced by 3D, mercury porosimetry and X-ray microtomography. Difference between weathered and fresh stone was highlighted by Ion chromatography analyses