Geodynamic context for the deposition of coarse-grained deep-water axial channel systems in the Patagonian Andes

We present field and seismic evidence for the existence of Coniacian–Campanian syntectonic angular unconformities within basal foreland basin sequences of the Austral or Magallanes Basin, with implications for the understanding of deformation and sedimentation in the southern Patagonian Andes. The studied sequences belong to the mainly turbiditic Upper Cretaceous Cerro Toro Formation that includes a world-class example of conglomerate-filled deep-water channel bodies deposited in an axial foredeep depocentre. We present multiple evidence of syntectonic deposition showing that the present internal domain of the fold-thrust belt was an active Coniacian–Campanian wedge-top depozone where deposition of turbidites and conglomerate channels of Cerro Toro took place. Cretaceous synsedimentary deformation was dominated by positive inversion of Jurassic extensional structures that produced elongated axial submarine trenches separated by structural highs controlling the development and distribution of axial channels. The position of Coniacian-Campanian unconformities indicates a ca. 50–80 km advance of the orogenic front throughout the internal domain, implying that Late Cretaceous deformation was more significant in terms of widening the orogenic wedge than all subsequent Andean deformation stages. This south Patagonian orogenic event can be related to compressional stresses generated by the combination of both the collision of the western margin of Rocas Verdes Basin during its closure, and Atlantic ridge push forces due to its accelerated opening, during a global-scale plate reorganization event.Fil: Ghiglione, Matias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos; ArgentinaFil: Likerman, Jeremias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos; ArgentinaFil: Barberon, Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos; ArgentinaFil: Giambiagi, Laura Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre-Urreta, Maria Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos; ArgentinaFil: Suarez, F.

Intoxicación por Cestrum parqui (“duraznillo negro”) en bovinos: confirmación por análisis micrográfico del contenido ruminal

En el reino vegetal existen numerosas especies hepatotóxicas para el ganado bovino, siendo la mayoría de las intoxicaciones de curso agudo a sub-agudo. Dentro de los vegetales hepatotóxicos agudos más conocidos en Argentina se encuentran: “duraznillo negro” (Cestrum parqui), “sunchillo” (Wedelia glauca), “abrojo grande” (Xanthium cavaniliensi) y “transparente” (Mioporum laetum). Cestrum parqui pertenece a las Solanáceas y en su composición química se ha demostrado la presencia de glicósidos, saponinas, y alcaloides responsables de los efectos tóxicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar los hallazgos anatomopatológicos macroscópicos, microscópicos, hematológicos y el estudio micrográfico del contenido ruminal de muestras obtenidas de bovinos que ingirieron Cestrum Parqui en forma accidental. Vaquillonas cruza Abeerdeen Angus x Hereford fueron halladas muertas (n = 49) en un corral con buena oferta forrajera y abundantes plantas de “duraznillo negro”. Se tomaron muestras para análisis clínicos, estudios histopatológicos y análisis de contenido ruminal. Los resultados demostraron alteración de las enzimas hepáticas, reticulado tóxico en hígado y presencia de hojas de Cestrum parqui cuya identidad botánica se confirmó mediante micrografía. Esta última técnica constituye una herramienta complementaria diagnóstica útil para la confirmación de la intoxicación producida por esta planta hepatotóxica

Remobilization of leaf S compounds and senescence in response to restricted sulphate supply during the vegetative stage of oilseed rape are affected by mineral N availability

The impact of sulphur limitation on the remobilization of endogenous S compounds during the rosette stage of oilseed rape, and the interactions with N availability on these processes, were examined using a long-term 34SO42− labelling method combined with a study of leaf senescence progression (using SAG12/Cab as a molecular indicator) and gene expression of the transporters, BnSultr4;1 and BnSultr4;2, involved in vacuolar sulphate efflux. After 51 d on hydroponic culture at 0.3 mM 34SO42− (1 atom% excess), the labelling was stopped and plants were subject for 28 d to High S-High N (HS-HN, control), Low S-High N (LS-HN) or Low S-Low N (LS-LN) conditions. Compared with the control, LS-HN plants showed delayed leaf senescence and, whilst the shoot growth and the foliar soluble protein amounts were not affected, S, 34S, and SO42− amounts in the old leaves declined rapidly and were associated with the up-regulation of BnSultr4;1. In LS-LN plants, shoot growth was reduced, leaf senescence was accelerated, and the rapid S mobilization in old leaves was accompanied by decreased 34S and SO42−, higher protein mobilization, and up-regulation of BnSultr4;2, but without any change of expression of BnSultr4;1. The data suggest that to sustain the S demand for growth under S restriction (i) vacuolar SO42− is specifically remobilized in LS-HN conditions without any acceleration of leaf senescence, (ii) SO42− mobilization is related to an up-regulation of BnSultr4;1 and/or BnSultr4;2 expression, and (iii) the relationship between sulphate mobilization and up-regulation of expression of BnSultr4 genes is specifically dependent on the N availability

Diffusible repression of cytokinin signalling produces endodermal symmetry and passage cells.

In vascular plants, the root endodermis surrounds the central vasculature as a protective sheath that is analogous to the polarized epithelium in animals, and contains ring-shaped Casparian strips that restrict diffusion. After an initial lag phase, individual endodermal cells suberize in an apparently random fashion to produce 'patchy' suberization that eventually generates a zone of continuous suberin deposition. Casparian strips and suberin lamellae affect paracellular and transcellular transport, respectively. Most angiosperms maintain some isolated cells in an unsuberized state as so-called 'passage cells', which have previously been suggested to enable uptake across an otherwise-impermeable endodermal barrier. Here we demonstrate that these passage cells are late emanations of a meristematic patterning process that reads out the underlying non-radial symmetry of the vasculature. This process is mediated by the non-cell-autonomous repression of cytokinin signalling in the root meristem, and leads to distinct phloem- and xylem-pole-associated endodermal cells. The latter cells can resist abscisic acid-dependent suberization to produce passage cells. Our data further demonstrate that, during meristematic patterning, xylem-pole-associated endodermal cells can dynamically alter passage-cell numbers in response to nutrient status, and that passage cells express transporters and locally affect the expression of transporters in adjacent cortical cells

Endocytic regulation of alkali metal transport proteins in mammals, yeast and plants

The relative concentrations of ions and solutes inside cells are actively maintained by several classes of transport proteins, in many cases against their concentration gradient. These transport processes, which consume a large portion of cellular energy, must be constantly regulated. Many structurally distinct families of channels, carriers, and pumps have been characterized in considerable detail during the past decades and defects in the function of some of these proteins have been linked to a growing list of human diseases. The dynamic regulation of the transport proteins present at the cell surface is vital for both normal cellular function and for the successful adaptation to changing environments. The composition of proteins present at the cell surface is controlled on both the transcriptional and post-translational level. Post-translational regulation involves highly conserved mechanisms of phosphorylation- and ubiquitylation-dependent signal transduction routes used to modify the cohort of receptors and transport proteins present under any given circumstances. In this review, we will summarize what is currently known about one facet of this regulatory process: the endocytic regulation of alkali metal transport proteins. The physiological relevance, major contributors, parallels and missing pieces of the puzzle in mammals, yeast and plants will be discussed.This work was supported by grant BFU2011-30197-C03-03 from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Spain). V.L.-T. is supported by a fellowship from the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia. C. P. is supported by a fellowship from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (Spain).Mulet Salort, JM.; Llopis Torregrosa, V.; Primo Planta, C.; Marques Romero, MC.; Yenush, L. (2013). 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Recherches sur le développement et la composition des raisins de quelques cépages cultivés à Abraou-Durso et dans le Gouvernement de la mer Noire... par G. Barberon,... F. Changeant,...

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Microstructure evolution of hydrated cement pastes

International audienceWe propose an original method based on both proton nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion and high-resolution NMR spectra to investigate the microstructure of synthesized Ca3SiO5-hydrated cement paste. This method allows a clear assessment of the local proton chemical sites as well as the determination of dynamical information of moving proton species in pores. We show also how the microstructure evolves during and after completion of hydration in a range of length scales between 2 and 500 nm. In particular, we show how the pore size distribution of the cement paste reaches progressively a power-law characteristic of a surface-fractal distribution with a dimension Df = 2.6, which takes into account the hierarchical order in the material. Last, we study how this pore size distribution is modified during setting by varying either the water-to-cement ratio or addition of ultrafine particles. This shows that our method could be relevant to relate the mechanical properties to the microstructure of the material. This proposed NMR method is general enough for the characterization of microstructure of any porous media with reactive surface involving water confinement

Sulfate ingress and microstructural changes in cement pastes at early age

XIII International conference on Durability of Building Materials, SAO PAULO, BRESIL, 02-/09/2014 - 02/09/2014External sulfate attack is mostly studied on saturated matured samples. These laboratory investigations often focus on the expansive mechanisms altering the mechanical macroscopic properties of the cementitious matrix. In practice, however, most concrete structures are exposed to external sulfate attack at early age and initiation or incubation of sulfate attack more than its later consequences seem to be a recurrent topic of debate. In this work, paste samples prepared with either CEM I (Portland cement) or CEM III/A cement (blended cement with 62% slag) at a water to binder mass ratio of 0.60 are immersed in sodium sulfate solution (15 g/l Na2SO4) at controlled pH condition (pH = 8±1) after 24 hours. Sulfate ingress is measured using ICP-AES