Du bricolage chez Picasso? : Étude materielle et technique de trois carnets de l’epoque cubiste

Este artículo efectúa un análisis material y técnico de tres cuadernos insólitos de Picasso que datan de la época cubista: MP 1859 del invierno 1906-1907, MP 1862 de mayo-junio de 1907 y MP 1990-98 de 1915. Estos tres cuadernos, conservados en el museo nacional Picasso de París parecen, en efecto, haber sido realizados a mano por un aficionado, puede ser incluso que por Picasso mismo. Se trata, así, gracias al peritaje de dos conservadoras-restauradoras, de determinar los procesos de fabricación de estos cuadernos para volver a situarlos en el corpus general de los cuadernos de Picasso, y la materialidad de estos objetos de trabajo. Este estudio se esfuerza así por demostrar la importancia de la historia material y técnica en la historia del arte, tanto para comprender las obras como para inscribirlas en su contexto histórico de fabricación, marcado por las prácticas creativas corrientes. En efecto, el último tercio del siglo XIX vio desarrollarse múltiples hobbies creativos de aficionados que han dejado una huella sobre el cubismo, la invención de los papiers collés y de las construcciones.Cet article effectue une analyse matérielle et technique de trois carnets insolites de Picasso datant de l’époque cubiste: MP 1859 de l’hiver 1906-1907, MP 1862 de mai-juin 1907, et MP 1990-98 de 1915. Ces trois carnets, conservés au musée national Picasso de Paris, semblent en effet avoir été réalisés à la main par un amateur, peut-être même par Picasso lui-même. Il s’agit ainsi, grâce à l’expertise de deux conservatrices-restauratrices, de déterminer les procédés de fabrication de ces carnets pour les replacer dans le corpus plus général des carnets de Picasso et la matérialité de ces objets de travail. Cette étude s’attache ainsi à démontrer l’importance de l’histoire matérielle et technique en histoire de l’art, tant pour comprendre les œuvres que pour les inscrire dans leur contexte historique de fabrication marqué par les pratiques créatives ordinaires. En effet, le dernier tiers du XIXe siècle voit se développer de multiples loisirs créatifs amateurs qui ont laissé leur empreinte sur le cubisme, l’invention des papiers collés et des construction

Month of Birth, a Risk Factor for Violent Behaviour in Suicidal Patients Admitted in Emergency?

Although there are numerous publications on the existing link between month of birth and suicide, only two studies focus on suicide attempts and auto-aggressive behavior. Research data suggest that month of birth is related to a variation of 5-HIAA in the cerebrospinal fluid, which correlates with violent behavior (VB). Therefore, the aim of this study is to search, for the first time, for a possible link between month of birth and the occurrence of VB in emergency, for patients admitted for a suicide attempt with medication. This is a 10months prospective study among all the patients of the canton of Geneva, Switzerland, admitted in emergency for a suicide attempt with medication. During a 10months study period we included 493 patients, of which 77 (15.62%) presented VB. Higher incidence of VB was found in subjects where born at the end of winter and the beginning of spring, with a maximum for April and a minimum for December. In spite of a relatively small number of subjects, it seems promising to study the occurrence of VB as a function of month of birth in patients admitted in emergency for a suicide attemp

Protocol for a prospective multicenter longitudinal randomized controlled trial (CALIN) of sensory-tonic stimulation to foster parent child interactions and social cognition in very premature infants

IntroductionPremature birth is associated with long-term somatic and neurological disorders, including cognitive, social and behavioral impairments. Moreover, the mothers of infants born preterm exhibit a higher prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms after birth. Early rehabilitation, developmental care, and parenting support have already been shown to have a positive impact on neurological outcome. However, no randomized controlled study has so far assessed the effects on parenting and long-term neurological outcomes of proprioceptive stimulation to trigger positive brain plasticity in very preterm babies. The CALIN project will therefore investigate the impact of sensory-tonic stimulation (STS) of extremely preterm infants by their parents on child parent interactions, infants' morphological and functional brain development and subsequent cognition (including social cognition), and parents' anxiety and depressive symptoms in the postpartum period.Methods and analysisInfants born between 25 and 32 weeks of gestation will be randomly assigned to the “STS + Kangaroo care” or “Kangaroo care” group. The primary endpoint, child and parent interactions, will be rated at 12 months corrected age using the Coding Interactive Behavior system. Secondary endpoints include: 1/functional and anatomical brain maturation sequentially assessed during neonatal hospitalization using electroencephalogram (EEG), amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG), cranial ultrasound and MRI performed at term-corrected age, 2/social and cognitive outcomes assessed at 15 months, 2, 4 and 6 years, and 3/parents' anxiety and depressive symptoms assessed at 7 ± 1 weeks after birth, using dedicated questionnaires.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the French Ethics Committee for the Protection of Persons on 18 October 2021. It is registered with the French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM; no. 2020-A00382–37). The registry number on ClinicalTrials.gov is NCT04380051

Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life for patients with Alzheimer's disease

La maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) se caractérise par une détérioration progressive et continue des fonctions cognitives. Un des objectifs de la prise en charge d’un patient atteint de MA est le maintien d’une bonne qualité de vie liée à la santé (QDVLS) pour lui et son entourage. Les objectifs de l’étude étaient de rechercher les facteurs associés à la QDVLS des patients atteints de MA et d’identifier les facteurs associés au déclin cognitif rapide (DCR) des patients atteints de MA. Le Dementia Quality of Life (DQoL) et le Quality of life in Alzheimer Disease (QoL-AD) ont été administrés à 123 patients atteints de MA de stade léger à modéré. Des données sociodémographiques et cliniques (notamment les capacités cognitives, les troubles du comportement, les capacités fonctionnelles, la thymie, l’état nutritionnel et les comorbidités) ont été recueillies. La dépression et la polymédication étaient des facteurs influençant la QDVLS du patient, qu’elle soit évaluée par le DQoL ou par le QoL-AD. Concernant le questionnaire « aidant » du QoL-AD, le fardeau de l’aidant influençait l’évaluation de la QDVLS du patient faite par l’aidant. Le type de relation entre le patient et son aidant principal, la polymédication et l’existence d’un fardeau de l’aidant étaient des facteurs associés au DCR. L’importance de l’évaluation de la QDVLS chez les patients atteints de MA n’est plus à démontrer. Cette étude montre la nécessité de prendre en compte le couple patient/aidant pour définir au mieux les stratégies à mettre en place. Un suivi médical et psychologique régulier est nécessaire pour les aidants de patients atteints de MA, en plus d’une formation spécifique à ce rôle.Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterised by progressive cognitive decline. Management of patients with AD is based on a multidisciplinary approach (medical, cognitive, psychological, social and functional), with the primary aim of maintaining the health related quality of life (HRQoL) of patient and his/her familyStudy’s aims were to identify factors associated with HRQoL in patients with AD and to determine predictive factors associated with rapid cognitive decline (RCD) in patients with AD.HRQoL was evaluated using Dementia Quality of Life (DQoL) and using Quality of life in Alzheimer Disease (QoL-AD) for 123 patients with AD. Sociodemographic and clinical (notably cognitive functions, behavioural troubles, level of patient dependence, depression, nutritional status and comorbidities) were recorded.Depression and polymedication were associated with HRQoL, whether assessed by DQoL or QoL-AD. Regarding to the QoL-AD caregiver score, presence of caregiver burden was factor associated with HRQoL. Type of relationship between the patient and the primary caregiver, polymedication and existence of a caregiver burden were factors associated with the RCD.The importance of HRQoL’s evaluation in patients with AD is no longer to be demonstrated. This study showed the need to take into account the couple patient/caregiver to define the strategies to be put in place. Regular medical and psychological follow-up is required for caregivers of patients with AD, in addition to training specific to this role

Etude prospective des cas d'Escherichia Coli producteur de beta-lactamase à spectre étendu au CHU de Reims sur une période d'un an

REIMS-BU Santé (514542104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Impact of training in the supervision of clinical reasoning in the pediatric emergency department on residents’ perception of the on-call experience

Background: In 2021, the prevalence of signs of burnout among medical residents was reported to be 67%. Being on call is particularly stressful for residents, notably due to their lack of medical experience. When they are on call, several factors contribute to a mismatch between the residents' theoretical knowledge and the operationalization of that knowledge in a clinical reasoning process. Using the script and cognitive load theories as a basis, we hypothesized that training clinician-teachers in the supervision of clinical reasoning could improve residents' perception of the experience of being on call. Methods: We performed a longitudinal, exploratory, controlled study with a cohort of medical residents who were on call in the pediatric emergency department during the semester from 1 November 2021 to 30 April 2022. During the night, the residents on call in the pediatric emergency department completed validated questionnaires investigating (1) mental effort, (2) cognitive weariness, (3) state anxiety, (4) feeling of self-efficacy, and (5) well-being. We compared the questionnaires of residents supervised by pediatricians trained in the supervision of clinical reasoning (supervision group) with those of residents in a control group, supervised by pediatricians with no specific pedagogical training. Results: A total of 284 questionnaires (174 supervision group, 110 controls) were collected from 38 residents in three pediatric emergency departments. The results confirm that being on call is difficult for residents. Compared to the control group, residents in the supervision group had lower cognitive weariness scores (mean 3.0 ± 1.1 vs. 3.5 ± 1.3). There was no significant difference between groups for any of the other dimensions of the on-call experience. In the supervision group, mental effort was significantly lower at the end of the study semester (5 [5-6] when on call in month 6 of the semester vs. 6 [5-7] when on call in months 1-5 of the semester; p = 0.01) and was greater for more senior residents (7 [6-8] for those in the 4th or higher semester of residency vs. 6 [5-7] for residents in their 1st, 2nd, or 3rd semester of residency; β = 0.92 ± 0.40; p = 0.02). Conclusion: Beyond the positive effects for residents, this study illustrates the feasibility of implementing training for clinicians in the supervision of clinical reasoning.</p

Prognostic factors and incidence of primary mucosal melanoma: a population-based study in France

International audienceFew population-based studies on the incidence and prognosis of primary mucosal melanoma (PMM) are available. The first objective was to evaluate disease-specific survival of PMM, overall and according to specific locations, and to identify prognostic factors. The second objective was to assess the global incidence of PMM compared to cutaneous melanoma and to specify the relative frequency of each affected location. A retrospective population-based study of incident PMM diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 was conducted, relying on the regional melanoma registry of the French Champagne-Ardenne region (1.34 million inhabitants). Thirty-nine cases were identified, including 17 head and neck (13 sinonasal and four oral), 12 vulvovaginal, six conjunctival, and four anorectal PMMs. Some 76.9% of cases were revealed by late symptoms. The median disease-specific survival time was 23.9 months and the five-year disease-specific survival rate was 31.8%. Univariate and multivariate analyses led to identification of primary tumour size and the presence of nodal or visceral macrometastases at diagnosis as adverse prognostic factors, while Breslow thickness and ulceration were unreported in 41% of cases and failed to display any prognostic value. Compared to other locations, conjunctival PMMs had a smaller tumour size and better prognosis. The annual incidence rate was 0.18/100,000 and the incidence ratio between PMM and cutaneous melanoma was 1/50. This population-based study confirms the rarity, delayed diagnosis, and severity of PMM, suggesting that improving prognosis will require specific, targeted therapies

Maximum Diameter of Native Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Measured by Angio-Computed Tomography

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A pilot study of procoagulant platelet extracellular vesicles and P-selectin increase during induction treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia paediatric patients: two new biomarkers of thrombogenic risk?

International audienceIn paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), focus has shifted towards preventing treatment-related complications, including venous thromboembolism, the cause of significant mortality and morbidity. To better understand thrombogenic mechanisms during induction treatment, we studied the number, origin and procoagulant activity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and P-selectin level throughout the induction course in 24 paediatric patients. EVs were mainly of platelet origin. We observed a significant increase in EV number, in platelet EV number and P-selectin level throughout the induction course. There was a correlation between higher EV and platelet EV number, P-selectin level, higher platelet count and leucocyte count. We also observed a correlation between higher EV procoagulant activity and higher platelet count and leucocyte count and higher P-selectin level. Older age and T phenotype were associated with a higher EV procoagulant activity. Platelet EV generation may play a role in thrombogenic complications in ALL patients and could serve as a biomarker to identify patients with a high risk of thrombosis. As a marker of platelet activation, P-selectin may be another relevant marker with the advantage of being easier to analyse in clinical practice