Magnetic dipole moments for composite dark matter

We study neutral dark matter candidates with a nonzero magnetic dipole moment. We assume that they are composite states of new fermions related to the strong phase of a new gauge interaction. In particular, invoking a dark flavor symmetry, we analyze the composition structure of viable candidates depending on the assignations of hypercharge and the multiplets associated to the fundamental constituents of the extended sector. We determine the magnetic dipole moments for the neutral composite states in terms of their constituents masses.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figure

Diet and diving behaviour of European Storm Petrels Hydrobates pelagicus in the Mediterranean (ssp. melitensis).

Unlike Atlantic populations, which feed on krill, Mediterranean populations feed mainly on pelagic fish Gymnammodites cicerellus. European Storm Petrels in the Mediterranean exploit pelagic fish which are taken by diving. This contrasts with the Atlantic populations which feed mainly on krill. Mediterranean birds also feed on Opossum Shrimps Mysidacea during short foraging trips made at night just outside the colony. Differences in diet between long and short foraging trips may be because adults have to forage for both themselves and their chicks

Measurement of the production of a W boson in association with a charm quark in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The production of a W boson in association with a single charm quark is studied using 4.6 fb−1 of pp collision data at s√ = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. In events in which a W boson decays to an electron or muon, the charm quark is tagged either by its semileptonic decay to a muon or by the presence of a charmed meson. The integrated and differential cross sections as a function of the pseudorapidity of the lepton from the W-boson decay are measured. Results are compared to the predictions of next-to-leading-order QCD calculations obtained from various parton distribution function parameterisations. The ratio of the strange-to-down sea-quark distributions is determined to be 0.96+0.26−0.30 at Q 2 = 1.9 GeV2, which supports the hypothesis of an SU(3)-symmetric composition of the light-quark sea. Additionally, the cross-section ratio σ(W + +c¯¯)/σ(W − + c) is compared to the predictions obtained using parton distribution function parameterisations with different assumptions about the s−s¯¯¯ quark asymmetry

The Inter-relationship of Coaching Profiles and Levels of Mental Toughness: Preliminary Results of A Pilot Study.

Mental toughness (MT) is a personal, state-like capacity that facilitates the initiation and continuation of goal-directed activities in several domains, including sports. Sport coaches are key agents in positions of authority. Coaching philosophy has been identified as one of the key parts in the development of environments that promote MT. The Coach Orientation Questionnaire (COQ) groups coaches in six profiles (Traditional, Technological, Innovative, Collaborative, Communicator, and Confrontational) mostly based on their professional training, personality, and experience. Coaches’ levels of MT and coaching COQ profiles have not been investigated together. PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between the COQ coaching profiles with MT. METHODS: The study followed a cross-sectional design. Data from 37 male and eight female coaches (n = 45), with an age of 35.1 ± 11.7 years, were collected. The COQ and the Mental Toughness Index (MTI) were administered. MTI consists of eight items. Each item represents one MT key dimension (i.e., generalized self-efficacy, buoyancy, success mindset, optimistic style, context knowledge, emotion regulation, attention regulation, overcoming adversity). All analyses were conducted in SPSS. RESULTS: Based on the COQ scores, coaches fell into the following categories: Confrontational (19%), Traditional (19%), Communicator (18%), Innovative (17%), Technological (16%), and Collaborator (11%). The correlation analysis showed significant relationships between MT scores and the Technological (They like to use technology to study the sport. Assistants need to be competent to assist in that. Players must be predisposed to collaborate.) (r =.377; p = .011), Collaborator (They prefer delegation of tasks, while maintaining a climate of trust with players and the assistants) (r = .420; p = .005), and Confrontational (They criticize the training process, which creates a tense atmosphere) coach profiles (r =.474; p = .002). CONCLUSION: Our findings offer preliminary evidence for the relationship between coaches’ COQ profiles and levels of MT and support the continuation of data collection. Larger-scale studies should explore this relationship further (e.g., different settings). Future studies should also investigate the etiology behind those inter-relationships (e.g., COQ profiles with each MT key dimension score) and their effect on environment development. Limitations may include cross-sectional design and convenience sample

CFD simulation of a novel anaerobic-anoxic reactor for biological nutrient removal: model construction, validation and hydrodynamic analysis based on OpenFOAM®

AnoxAn is a novel multi-environment reactor for biological nutrient removal (BNR) from wastewater. Although its biological efficacy has been demonstrated on a pilot scale, hydrodynamics is observed to significantly affect the performance of AnoxAn. To study its complex hydraulic behaviour, a model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics 3D (CFD) is constructed using the OpenFOAM® open source toolbox and validated by experimental tests of Residence Time Distribution (RTD). Reactor elements represent a key factor in the modelling process. In this sense, the impeller of the anoxic zone is modelled as a flat disk, and the baffle after the anoxic zone as a porous media. According to CFD model simulations, stagnant, short-circuit zones and mixing quality are established and quantified. Finally, the influence on the hydrodynamics of reactor elements is also evaluated. The results of this detailed hydrodynamic analysis will form the basis for the design and optimization of scalable AnoxAn configurations.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Prenatal experience with language shapes the brain

Human infants acquire language with notable ease compared to adults, but the neural basis of their remarkable brain plasticity for language remains little understood. Applying a scaling analysis of neural oscillations to address this question, we show that newborns' electrophysiological activity exhibits increased long-range temporal correlations after stimulation with speech, particularly in the prenatally heard language, indicating the early emergence of brain specialization for the native language.</p

Joint modelling of multi-scale animal movement data using hierarchical hidden Markov models

1.Hidden Markov models are prevalent in animal movement modelling, where they are widely used to infer behavioural modes and their drivers from various types of telemetry data. To allow for meaningful inference, observations need to be equally spaced in time, or otherwise regularly sampled, where the corresponding temporal resolution strongly affects what kind of behaviours can be inferred from the data. 2.Recent advances in biologging technology have led to a variety of novel telemetry sensors which often collect data from the same individual simultaneously at different time scales, e.g. step lengths obtained from GPS tags every hour, dive depths obtained from time‐depth recorders once per dive, or accelerations obtained from accelerometers several times per second. However, to date, statistical machinery to address the corresponding complex multi‐stream and multi‐scale data is lacking. 3.We propose hierarchical hidden Markov models as a versatile statistical framework that naturally accounts for differing temporal resolutions across multiple variables. In these models, the observations are regarded as stemming from multiple, connected behavioural processes, each of which operates at the time scale at which the corresponding variables were observed. 4.By jointly modelling multiple data streams, collected at different temporal resolutions, corresponding models can be used to infer behavioural modes at multiple time scales, and in particular help to draw a much more comprehensive picture of an animal's movement patterns, e.g. with regard to long‐term vs. short‐term movement strategies. 5.The suggested approach is illustrated in two real‐data applications, where we jointly model i) coarse‐scale horizontal and fine‐scale vertical Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) movements throughout the English Channel, and ii) coarse‐scale horizontal movements and corresponding fine‐scale accelerations of a horn shark (Heterodontus francisci) tagged off the Californian coast

Capacidad aeróbica, felicidad y satisfacción con la vida en adolescentes españoles

Analizar la asociación entre capacidad aeróbica, felicidad subjetiva y satisfacción con la vida en adolescentes. Método: Participaron 388 adolescentes (207 mujeres) de 12-18 años de edad. La capacidad aeróbica se evaluó mediante el test de 20 metros de ida y vuelta. La felicidad subjetiva y la satisfacción con la vida se evaluaron mediante las escalas Subjective Happiness Scale y Satisfaction With Life Scale, respectivamente. Se midió el peso y la talla de los adolescentes y se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Los adolescentes indicaron el nivel de estudios de la madre. Resultados: Los análisis de regresión lineal mostraron que la capacidad aeróbica se asocia positivamente con felicidad subjetiva (ß no estandarizada = .09 ± .03, r = .128, p = .013) y satisfacción con la vida (ß no estandarizada = .31 ± .13, r = .118, p = .022), independientemente del sexo, IMC y estudios de la madre. Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que los adolescentes que tienen una mejor capacidad aeróbica también son más felices y tienen una mayor satisfacción con la vida. Hacen falta estudios de intervención para corroborar si un programa dirigido a la mejora de la capacidad aeróbica puede también influir en el nivel de felicidad y satisfacción vital en adolescentes.To analyse the interrelations among cardiorespiratory fitness, subjective happiness and satisfaction with life in adolescents. Method: The study was based on a total of 388 Spanish adolescents (207 females) aged 12-18. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by means of the 20-metre shuttle run test. Subjective happiness and satisfaction with life were assessed using the Subjective Happiness Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale respectively. The adolescents' height and weight were measured and their body mass index (BMI) calculated. They were asked to report the educational level of the mother. Results: The linear regression analysis showed that cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with subjective happiness (ß non standardized = .09 ± .03, r = .128, p = .013) and satisfaction with life (ß non standardized = .31 ± .13, r = .128, p = .022), regardless of the subjects' sex, BMI, and educational level of the mother. Conclusion: These findings suggest that adolescents with a good level of cardiorespiratory fitness are happier and more satisfied with life. Intervention studies are needed to confirm whether an intervention programme aimed at improving aerobic performance might also lead to improvements in adolescents' level of happiness and satisfaction with life