Análise da relação entre estresse e o desempenho escolar dos adolescentes do ensino médio do Colégio Militar de Brasília

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2013.O estresse é caracterizado por um conjunto de reações do organismo diante que alguma situação que lhe exija uma adaptação. Quando é excessivo, o estresse pode comprometer o desenvolvimento cognitivo, afetivo, social e emocional, principalmente quando atinge os adolescentes, que muitas vezes não têm maturidade e capacidade para administrar situações estressantes. Devido às exigências serem maiores do que suas capacidades, podem reagir negativamente e apresentar um conjunto de sintomas como cansaço mental, dificuldade de concentração,perda de memória imediata, que interferem sobretudo no seu desempenho escolar. Neste trabalho objetiva-se analisar a relação existente entre estresse e o desempenho escolar de adolescentes do Ensino Médio do Colégio Militar de Brasília. Para tal, foi efetuado um estudo de exploratório, descritivo de natureza quantitativa. Participaram desse estudo 82 alunos pertencentes aos 1º, 2º e 3º anos do Ensino Médio. Para coleta de dados, foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Escala de Stress para adolescentes (ESA), Inventário de Eventos Estressores na Adolescência (IEEA) e um questionário baseado na literatura. Os resultados demonstram que da amostra investigada apenas 28 estudantes apresentaram estresse. Houve predominância das fases de alerta e exaustão, e dos sintomas psicológicos. Os eventos estressores que foram mais frequentes na amostra total se referiam aos domínios familiar, social e escolar. Relações estabelecidas nesses contextos influenciam significativamente o comportamento dos adolescentes. Esse resultado demonstra que os fatores ambientais funcionam tanto como fatores de proteção, quanto de risco à saúde dos adolescentes. A média escolar atingiu percentual menor entre os estudantes estressados, fato que permite inferir que o estresse de alguma forma afeta o desempenho de escolar dos estudantes. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTStress is characterized by a set of reactions of the organism on which any situation that requires an adaptation. When is excessive stress can impair cognitive development, social, affective and emotional, especially when reaches the teens, who often have no maturity and ability to handle stressful situations. Due to the requirements are greater than their difficulty concentrating, short-term memory loss, which interfere in their school performance. This study aims to analyze the relationship between stress and the school performance of high school teens of military school of Brasilia. To this end, was carried out an exploratory study, of the quantitative nature. The following instruments were used: Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESA), Inventory of Stressors Events in Adolescence (IEEA) and a questionnaire based on literature. The results show that the sample investigated only 28 students showed stress. There was a predominance of the stages of alert and exhaustion, and psychological symptoms. The stressors that events were more frequent in the total sample referred to family, social and school areas. Relations established in these contexts influence significantly the behavior of adolescents. This result demonstrates that environmental factors work both as protective factors, how much risk to health of adolescents. The average hit smaller percentage among school students stressed, fact allows inferring that somehow stress affects school performance of the students

Musculoskeletal disorders and the care work of elderly in institutions

INTRODUCTION: The musculoskeletal disorders still common next to workers and still a worry next to the theme of health promotion at work. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the relationship in between musculoskeletal disorders in workers that take care of elderly, conditions of work, and functional capacity of elderly, in institutions of Curitiba, PR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consisted of elaborating a questionnaire containing: demographic data, questions related to work, difficulties at work, and others; and the instruments Nordic Questionnaire for Musculoskeletal Disorders -QNSO, questions related to low back pain, and application of Barthel Index in the elderly attended by the workers. The questionnaires were applied as interview, and after occurred analyses of the tasks and systematic observations of activities, with Ergonomics basis. RESULTS: Participated 43 workers, both sexes that take care of 308 elderly assisted by them, in 14 institutions. The profession varied in people that take care of elderly, nurses' assistant, general services' assistance, and cleaners' assistant. Found musculoskeletal pain in the last thirty days in 62,7% of workers, and with prevalence in regions: low back, cervical, shoulders and knees; and 90,0% of the workers had only one employ. The work activities of major difficulties were: changing diaper, and postural changes. Also in some places the rhythm of work, temporal pressure, and low number of functionaries for de demands exegete, influenced in the presence of the pain. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that factors related to work organization influenced in the musculoskeletal disorders.INTRODUÇÃO: Os distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho continuam comuns entre trabalhadores, e permanece a preocupação dentro do tema Promoção à saúde no trabalho. OBJETIVO: Investigar, em instituições na cidade de Curitiba, PR, as relações existentes entre as desordens osteomusculares de trabalhadores que cuidam de idosos, as condições de trabalho e a capacidade funcional dos idosos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Consistiram de elaboração de questionário contendo: dados demográficos, questões relacionadas ao trabalho, dificuldades no trabalho, entre outras; e os instrumentos: Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares (QNSO), com questões sobre a dor lombar, e aplicação do Índice de Barthel nos idosos atendidos pelos trabalhadores. Os questionários foram aplicados sob forma de entrevista e posteriormente ocorreram levantamentos das tarefas e observações sistemáticas das atividades, com base na Ergonomia. RESULTADOS: Participaram 43 trabalhadores que cuidam de idosos, de ambos os gêneros e de 14 instituições; e 308 idosos por eles assistidos. A profissão dos trabalhadores variou entre cuidadores de idosos, auxiliares de enfermagem, auxiliares de serviços gerais e limpeza. Foram encontrados sintomas de dores osteomusculares nos últimos 30 dias em 62,7% dos trabalhadores, sendo as regiões das dores mais prevalentes: lombar, cervical, ombros e joelhos; e 90,0% apresentaram um único emprego. As atividades de trabalho de maior dificuldade foram: troca de fraldas e transferências posturais. Em alguns locais, o ritmo de trabalho, pressão temporal e pequena quantidade de funcionários para as demandas exigidas, também influenciaram na presença de dores músculo-esqueléticas. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que fatores relacionados à organização do trabalho influenciaram nas desordens osteomusculares.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Tuiuti do ParanáUNIFESP, Depto. de Ciências da SaúdeSciEL

Work activities and workers' health in broiler production: a case study

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of health related symptoms and to analyze the work activities of workers in contracted non-mechanized broiler farms in two regions of the state of Paraná in order to determine possible factors associated to those symptoms. The methods consisted in selecting the houses and the workers, and to apply a questionnaire that included demographic data, questions related to work, the Nordic Questionnaire for Musculoskeletal Symptoms, other symptoms (runny nose, skin itching, throat and eye irritation). In addition, workers were asked if they enjoyed their job, if the supervisor motivated them to work, and if they were afraid to lose their job. Activities were submitted to systematic observations, adapted from Ergonomics, and the loads carried were analyzed and some instruments weighted. The study included 80 workers of both genders between 16 and 59 years, being 40 from each region. There were evidences of low back pain risk in the activities of filling drinkers and washing bell drinkers, with a higher prevalence in region A, where automated systems were less frequently used. The study suggests that mechanized filling of feeders, and the use of nipple drinkers may prevent health problems. It was also found that psychosocial aspects were associated to musculoskeletal symptoms. Promoting better working conditions is essential, as these aspects can affect human behavior at work.Federal University of São Paulo Department of Health SciencesState University of Campinas Department of Agriculture EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Department of Production EngineeringUNIFESP, Department of Health SciencesSciEL

Comportamento e distribuição do gasto público em agricultura em Minas Gerais: multifuncionalidade ou fragmentação?

Este artigo tem o principal objetivo de identificar o comportamento dos gastos públicos em agricultura no estado de Minas Gerais, no período de 1985 a 2001. Constatou-se tendência à diminuição do volume desses gastos e à pulverização institucional destes, o que indica progressivo esvaziamento de tradicionais atribuições do Estado de apoio e fomento ao setor agrícola, acompanhado de crescente superposição de competências para gastar a verba pública alocada na função agricultura e de sua conseqüente diluição entre distintos sistemas operacionais da administração pública. Se o padrão de distribuição do gasto público em agricultura em Minas Gerais representa bem o que ocorre no resto do país, pode-se concluir que, no que concerne à intervenção do Estado na economia do setor agropecuário, o Brasil está na contramão das tendências atuais dos países mais desenvolvidos, nos quais, cada vez mais, esse setor é enfocado num contexto holístico, envolvendo, de forma integrada, múltiplos objetivos e políticas de preservação do meio ambiente e das culturas autóctones, a segurança alimentar, a inclusão social e a ocupação do espaço nacional.Despesa pública, Agricultura multifuncional, Sustentabilidade, Produtivite, Public Economics,

Urinary incontinence related to perineal muscle strength in the first trimester of pregnancy: cross-sectional study

Objective To analyze pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS), urinary continence and quality of life related to urinary incontinence (UI) of women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Method Cross-sectional study with a sample of 500 women who started prenatal care in a complementary healthcare facility in Guarulhos, state of São Paulo, from 2012 and 2013. Pelvic floor muscle strength was evaluated through perineometry. The pregnant women who presented UI answered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Results It was found that maternal age (OR=1.06; CI95% 1.02-1.11) and prior UI (OR=15.12; 95%CI 8.19-27.92) are the variables that, in tandem, best explain the occurrence of UI at the beginning of pregnancy. The mean score on the ICIQ-SF was 8.2 (SD=3.9), considered a moderate impact on quality of life. Conclusion Older pregnant women with prior UI are more likely to have UI in the first trimester of pregnancy.
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Women’s pelvic floor muscle strength and urinary and anal incontinence after childbirth: a cross-sectional study

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyse pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS) and urinary and anal incontinence (UI and AI) in the postpartum period. METHOD Cross-sectional study carried out with women in their first seven months after child birth. Data were collected through interviews, perineometry (Peritron™), and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). RESULTS 128 women participated in the study. The PFMS mean was 33.1 (SD=16.0) cmH2O and the prevalence of UI and AI was 7.8% and 5.5%, respectively. In the multiple analyses, the variables associated with PFMS were type of birth and cohabitation with a partner. Newborn’s weight, previous pregnancy, UI during pregnancy, and sexual activity showed an association with UI after child birth. Only AI prior to pregnancy was associated with AI after childbirth. CONCLUSION Vaginal birth predisposes to the reduction of PFMS, and caesarean section had a protective effect to its reduction. The occurrence of UI during pregnancy is a predictor of UI after childbirth, and women with previous pregnancies and newborns with higher weights are more likely to have UI after childbirth.AI prior to pregnancy is the only risk factor for its occurrence after childbirth. Associations between PFMS and cohabitation with a partner, and between UI and sexual activity do not make possible to conclude that these variables are directly associated

Utilização de bioinoculantes para cultivo de milheto (Pennisetum glaucum) com fontes naturais de fosfato.

Fertbio 2012