The role of mucin 1 in respiratory diseases

Recent evidence has demonstrated that mucin 1 (MUC1) is involved in many pathological processes that occur in the lung. MUC1 is a transmembrane protein mainly expressed by epithelial and hematopoietic cells. It has a receptor-like structure, which can sense the external environment and activate intracellular signal transduction pathways through its cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular domain of MUC1 can be released to the external environment, thus acting as a decoy barrier to mucosal pathogens, as well as serving as a serum biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of several respiratory diseases such as lung cancer and interstitial lung diseases. Furthermore, bioactivated MUC1-cytoplasmic tail (CT) has been shown to act as an anti-inflammatory molecule in several airway infections and mediates the expression of anti-inflammatory genes in lung diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe asthma. Bioactivated MUC1-CT has also been reported to interact with several effectors linked to cellular transformation, contributing to the progression of respiratory diseases such as lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge of MUC1 as a promising biomarker and drug target for lung disease

Experimental characterization and modeling of liquid fuel combustion. From pure compounds to real fuels.

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The potential of the wavelength-integrated scattering polarization of the hydrogen Ly-alpha line for probing the solar chromosphere

The intensity and the linear scattering polarization profiles of the hydrogen Ly-alpha line encode valuable information on the thermodynamic and magnetic structure of the upper layers of the solar chromosphere. The Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha Spectro-Polarimeter (CLASP) sounding rocket experiment provided unprecedented spectropolarimetric data of this line, as well as two-dimensional broadband images in intensity and linear polarization. We theoretically investigate the potential of the Ly-alpha broadband polarimetric signals for probing the solar chromosphere and its magnetic fields. We analyze the synthetic Stokes profiles obtained from a series of radiative transfer (RT) calculations out of local thermodynamic equilibrium, considering semi-empirical one-dimensional models of the solar atmosphere. The wavelength-integrated linear polarization signal is found to be dominated by the contribution from the wings when considering a Gaussian weighting function with a FWHM that corresponds to the CLASP slit-jaw broadband filter. These broadband linear polarization signals are strongly sensitive to magnetic fields of strengths on the order of 50 G, via the action of magneto-optical (MO) effects, and are expected to encode information on the middle-upper chromosphere. The two-dimensional broadband intensity and linear polarization images observed by CLASP can be suitably mimicked using synthetic wavelength-integrated signals obtained considering atmospheric models and magnetic fields that are representative of solar regions with different levels of activity, provided that the impact of MO effects is taken into account. Despite the limitations of a one-dimensional RT modeling, this work illustrates the diagnostic potential of filter-polarimetric Ly-alpha signals for probing the solar chromosphere and its magnetism.Comment: 16 pages (12 main text + 4 appendix). 7 figures in the main text (2 panels in Fig.1 , 2 panels in Fig.2, 4 panels in Fig.3, 9 panels in Fig.4, 4 panels in Fig.5, 2 panels in Fig.6, single panel in Fig. 7). 3 figures in appendices (single panel in Fig.8, single panel in Fig.9, 6 panels in Fig.10). Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal on 03/03/202

Diseño de un sistema integrado de medición y control de presión, nivel, densidad y caudal de líquidos en tanques en barcos

[ES] El objetivo del TFG es diseñar un sistema electrónico integrado para la medición y control de la presión, nivel, densidad y caudal de líquidos en tanques alojados en barcos. Estos tanques son susceptibles de alojar diferentes sustancias como agua, aceite o combustible, por lo que la elección de los sensores deberá tener en cuenta esto, así como las condiciones navegación. El proyecto incluirá el diseño teórico y los cálculos para un caso concreto, además de los propios sensores, con ello el acondicionamiento de las señales proporcionadas por estos y el interface con el usuario que gestionará los procesos del sensor o sensores.Ballester Alcañiz, J. (2021). Diseño de un sistema integrado de medición y control de presión, nivel, densidad y caudal de líquidos en tanques en barcos. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/174855TFG

Hedgehog Signalling Modulates Immune Response and Protects against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is essential for the embryonic development and homeostatic maintenance of many adult tissues and organs. It has also been associated with some functions of the innate and adaptive immune system. However, its involvement in the immune response has not been well determined. Here we study the role of Hh signalling in the modulation of the immune response by using the Ptch-1-LacZ+/- mouse model (hereinafter referred to as ptch+/-), in which the hemizygous inactivation of Patched-1, the Hh receptor gene, causes the constitutive activation of Hh response genes. The in vitro TCR stimulation of spleen and lymph node (LN) T cells showed increased levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in ptch+/-cells compared to control cells from wild-type (wt) littermates, suggesting that the Th2 phenotype is favoured by Hh pathway activation. In addition, CD4+ cells secreted less IL-17, and the establishment of the Th1 phenotype was impaired in ptch+/- mice. Consistently, in response to an inflammatory challenge by the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), ptch+/- mice showed milder clinical scores and more minor spinal cord damage than wt mice. These results demonstrate a role for the Hh/ptch pathway in immune response modulation and highlight the usefulness of the ptch+/- mouse model for the study of T-cell-mediated diseases and for the search for new therapeutic strategies in inflammatory diseases.The work was sponsored by grants from Acción Estratégica en Salud (PI17CIII/00047 and PI21/00171).S

La sombra de la gentrificación en el barrio del Cabanyal : amenazas y oportunidades

Desde esta investigación se pretende abordar el contexto del barrio del Cabanyal tras la suspensión del PEPRI, para realizar un análisis actualizado de la situación y así acometer una valoración crítica centrada en torno al proceso urbano de la gentrificación, las posibilidades de que se dé este proceso y de qué herramientas podemos disponer para evitarlo en el barrio del Cabanyal.The objective of this research is to reflect on the context of the Cabanyal neighbourhood after the suspension of the PEPRI and to perform an updated analysis of the situation in order to undertake a critical assessment focused on the process of urban gentrification, considering possibilities of this process to happen and having tools available to avoid it in the Cabanyal neighbourhood.Des de aquesta investigaciò es pretén abordar el context del barri del Cabanyal tras la suspensió del PEPRI, per realitzar un anàlisi actualitzat de la situació i poder escometre una valoració crítica centrada al voltant del procés urbá de la gentrificació, les possibilitats de que es done aquest procés i de quines eines podem disposar per evitar-ho en el barri del CabanyalBallester Monzó, EJ. (2016). La sombra de la gentrificación en el barrio del Cabanyal : amenazas y oportunidades. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/81279.TFG

Previsión de crisis epilépticas usando transformada wavelet y correlación cruzada

Este artículo describe la detección de actividad precrisis mediante la aplicación de la correlación cruzada junto con la transformada Wavelet. La transformada Wavelet es aplicada a los datos EEG puros para la reducción y pre-procesamiento de las señales. Esta técnica de extracción de características provee las señales simplificadas para ser procesadas por medio de la técnica de correlación cruzada. El análisis ha sido realizado con un grupo de datos tanto precrisis como intercrisis, (incluyendo crisis agudas inducidas y crisis espontáneas recurrentes), con el fin de determinar su sensitividad y especificidad (tasa de falsas predicciones). Son determinados, adicionalmente, el período de ocurrencia de crisis y el horizonte de previsión de crisis