A formulation of a (q+1,8)-cage

Let $q\ge 2$ be a prime power. In this note we present a formulation for obtaining the known $(q+1,8)$-cages which has allowed us to construct small $(k,g)$--graphs for $k=q-1, q$ and $g=7,8$. Furthermore, we also obtain smaller $(q,8)$-graphs for even prime power $q$.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure

A construction of small (q-1)-regular graphs of girth 8

In this note we construct a new infinite family of $(q-1)$-regular graphs of girth $8$ and order $2q(q-1)^2$ for all prime powers $q\ge 16$, which are the smallest known so far whenever $q-1$ is not a prime power or a prime power plus one itself.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

An explicit formula for obtaining (q+1,8)(q+1,8)-cages and others small regular graphs of girth 8

Let $q$ be a prime power; $(q+1,8)$-cages have been constructed as incidence graphs of a non-degenerate quadric surface in projective 4-space $P(4, q)$. The first contribution of this paper is a construction of these graphs in an alternative way by means of an explicit formula using graphical terminology. Furthermore by removing some specific perfect dominating sets from a $(q+1,8)$-cage we derive $k$-regular graphs of girth 8 for $k= q-1$ and $k=q$, having the smallest number of vertices known so far

Soybean as supplement of growing cattle on tropical pasture: effects on intake, digestibility and animal performance

An indoor trial was conducted with weaning heif­ers (experiment 1). Raw whole soybean (RSB), whole soybean heated with steam (SHSB) and extruded whole soybean (EXSB) were given as supplements at 0.7% of live weight (LW). One group was the control, with no supplement. All supplements increased total dry matter (DM) intake and did not affect hay intake. RSB was the most degradable crude protein (CP) source. Total digestive tract digestibility was not affected by treatments, except for apparent CP digestibility. Because total DM intake increased in supplemented animals, all supple­ments increased intake of digestible DM, organic matter (OM) and CP over the control. In another assay (experiment 2) a performance trial was conducted with forty weaned heifers. The same supplements used in experiment 1 were used. Heifers supplemented with EXSB gained the highest and had better apparent feed efficiency. Apparent feed efficiency was similar to those observed in protein supplementation, suggesting that some increase in DM intake from pasture may have occurred. RSB had the poorest apparent feed efficiency which agreed with the numerical lower OM intake observed in experiment 1. All supplemented heifers had higher gain, hip height change, thoracic perimeter and body condition score change than the control group

Families of Small Regular Graphs of Girth 5

In this paper we obtain $(q+3)$--regular graphs of girth 5 with fewer vertices than previously known ones for $q=13,17,19$ and for any prime $q \ge 23$ performing operations of reductions and amalgams on the Levi graph $B_q$ of an elliptic semiplane of type ${\cal C}$. We also obtain a 13-regular graph of girth 5 on 236 vertices from $B_{11}$ using the same technique

Sunshine, Sea, and Season of Birth: MS Incidence in Wales

Maternal sun exposure in gestation and throughout the lifetime is necessary for vitamin D synthesis, and living near the sea is a population level index of seafood consumption. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence rate of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Wales and examine its association with sun exposure, coastal living, and latitude. The study used a database of MS hospital visits and admissions in Wales between 2002 and 2013. For the 1,909 lower layer super output areas (LSOAs) in Wales, coastal status, population, longitude/latitude, and average sunshine hours per day were obtained. Age-specific and age-standardised MS incidence were calculated and modelled using Poisson regression. The distribution of births by month was compared between MS cases and the combined England and Wales population. There were 3,557 new MS cases between 2002 and 2013, with an average annual incidence of 8.14 (95% CI: 7.69-8.59) among males and 12.97 (95% CI: 12.44-13.50) among females per 100,000 population. The female-to-male ratio was 1.86:1. For both sexes combined, the average annual incidence rate was 9.10 (95% CI: 8.80-9.40). All figures are age-standardized to the 1976 European standard population. Compared to the combined England and Wales population, more people with MS were born in April, observed-to-expected ratio: 1.21 (95% CI: 1.08-1.36). MS incidence varied directly with latitude and inversely with sunshine hours. Proximity to the coast was associated with lower MS incidence only in easterly areas. This study shows that MS incidence rate in Wales is comparable to the rate in Scotland and is associated with environmental factors that probably represent levels of vitamin D

Energy optimization of a light projection system for buildings that virtually restores artworks

Published March 2022: Erratum regarding missing Declaration of Competing Interest statements in previously published articles - Part 1 (Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, Volume 24, March 2022, Pages e00209). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daach.2021.e00209; Erratum incluido en el documentoThe need to achieve energy efficiency standards in the lighting systems of buildings makes it necessary to optimize all aspects of them. Here, the development of a light projection system that achieves this goal by studyingand modifying the spectral output, compared to conventional illumination, is described. A lighting system thatestimates the reflectance characteristics of artwork and emits optimized lighting can reduce light absorption. Adamage-minimizing point-by-point light projection system is developed using an optimization algorithm, toimprove the appearance of the surfaces of artworks whose color has faded. In this case, a simulation of an aged oilpainting was made by manipulating the original photograph, which was printed and to which the proposedsystem was applied. The results show that, when the aged printed image is illuminated with the optimized lightsource, it appears indistinguishable from the non-aged oil painting.This research was supported by project RTI2018-097633-A-I00 from the Spanish Ministry funding "Proyectos I + D Retos de Investigación" entitled Photonic restoration applied to cultural heritage: application to Dali's picture "Dos Figuras

Effect of protein winter supplementation on performance of heifers grazing tropical pasture

Fil: Balbuena, O. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina.Fil: Kucseva, César D. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria; Argentina.Fil: Stahringer, R. C. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria; Argentina.Con el objetivo de evaluar la respuesta animal a diferentes niveles de expeller de algodón (EA) durante el invierno, se utilizaron cuarenta vaquillas cruza cebú, agrupadas por tipo (predominio cebú o británico) y asignadas en número de 10 animales para cada uno de los cuatro tratamientos: control (ningún suplemento), bajo (0,4), medio (0,8) y alto (1,2) por ciento del peso vivo. La suplementación fue realizada de mayo a octubre (150 días) y las vaquillas fueron mantenidas en cuatro potreros pastoreando Dichantium caricosum, rotándose semanalmente a efectos de minimizar el efecto potrero. Cada 28 días se realizaron pesajes, mediciones de altura de cadera y perímetro torácico, así como determinación de condición corporal (escala 1 a 9). La oferta de forraje inicial fue de 2 toneladas de materia seca por vaquilla. Considerando a los animales como unidades experimentales, las fuentes de variación fueron: tratamiento, tipo de animal e interacción. La ganancia de peso vivo (vacío y lleno) y el perímetro torácico fueron afectados de manera cuadrática. La condición corporal mostró interacción de tratamiento por tipo de animal; en cambio para altura de cadera no se observó efecto alguno. La ganancia de peso vivo vacío fue de 223, 379, 459 y 460 g/día (p = cuadrático) mientras que los incrementos de perímetro torácico fueron 7,7 - 16,0 - 18,0 - 17,5 cm (p = cuadrático) para los tratamientos control, bajo, medio y alto respectivamente. La eficiencia aparente de la utilización del suplemento fue de 4,18 - 5,85 y 8,78 kg de suplemento por kg de ganancia adicional en cada animal. Los resultados indican que el EA debería ser usado al 0,4% del peso vivo para una buena utilización de pasturas tropicales durante el invierno.With the objective to evaluate the response of animal performance to different levels of cottonseed meal (CSM) during winter, forty heifers were used. Zebu-cross heifers were grouped in 10 animals, considering type (Zebu or British) and assigned to the following treatments (CSM as percent of liveweight): control (no supplement), low (0.4), medium (0.8) and high (1.2). Supplementation took place from May to October (150 days) and heifers grazed Dichantium caricosum. Four paddocks were used and heifers rotated each week, so every 28 days they grazed all paddocks, to minimize paddock effect. Every 28 days, full weight, hip height and thoracic perimeter were measured and body condition score (1 to 9 scale) was determined. At the beginning of the trial, forage was available as 2 ton of dry matter per heifer. Animal was considered the experimental unit and effects were treatment, animal type and the interaction. Shrunk and full liveweight gains and thoracic perimeter were affected in a quadratic fashion. There was an interaction of treatment by animal type for body condition score and no effect for hip height. Shrunk liveweight were 223, 379, 459 and 460 g/day (quadratic p= ), whereas thoracic perimeter increments were 7.7, 16.0, 18.0 and 17.5 cm (quadratic p= ) for control to high treatments, respectively. Apparent efficiencies of supplement utilization were 4.18, 5.85 and 8.78 kg supplement/kg of additional gain/animal. Results indicate that CSM should be used at 0.4% of liveweight on tropical pastures during winter for an appropriate supplement utilization

Efectos de la suplementación proteica invernal sobre parámetros productivos de vaquillas de reposición

Con el objetivo de evaluar la respuesta animal a diferentes niveles de expeller de algodón (EA) durante el invierno, se utilizaron cuarenta vaquillas cruza cebú, agrupadas por tipo (predominio cebú o británico) y asignadas en número de 10 animales para cada uno de los cuatro tratamientos: control (ningún suplemento), bajo (0,4), medio (0,8) y alto (1,2) por ciento del peso vivo. La suplementación fue realizada de mayo a octubre (150 días) y las vaquillas fueron mantenidas en cuatro potreros pastoreando Dichantium caricosum, rotándose semanalmente a efectos de minimizar el efecto potrero. Cada 28 días se realizaron pesajes, mediciones de altura de cadera y perímetro torácico, así como determinación de condición corporal (escala 1 a 9). La oferta de forraje inicial fue de 2 toneladas de materia seca por vaquilla. Considerando a los animales como unidades experimentales, las fuentes de variación fueron: tratamiento, tipo de animal e interacción. La ganancia de peso vivo (vacío y lleno) y el perímetro torácico fueron afectados de manera cuadrática. La condición corporal mostró interacción de tratamiento por tipo de animal; en cambio para altura de cadera no se observó efecto alguno. La ganancia de peso vivo vacío fue de 223, 379, 459 y 460 g/día (p = cuadrático) mientras que los incrementos de perímetro torácico fueron 7,7 - 16,0 - 18,0 - 17,5 cm (p = cuadrático) para los tratamientos control, bajo, medio y alto respectivamente. La eficiencia aparente de la utilización del suplemento fue de 4,18 - 5,85 y 8,78 kg de suplemento por kg de ganancia adicional en cada animal. Los resultados indican que el EA debería ser usado al 0,4% del peso vivo para una buena utilización de pasturas tropicales durante el invierno