Cousteau y la Calypso en Cuba. III.

Tercer artículo de tres escritos por el autor para significar la presencia del importante biólogo marino en Cuba, en este particularmente aborda los barcos hundidos encontrados en esta expedición así como también las especies identificadas

A 10 años de su visita. Cousteau y la Calypso en Cuba.

Artículo realizado para recordar la visita hace 10 años a Cuba de Jacques Ives Cousteau. Se identifican los resultados más relevantes a la luz del tiempo transcurrido y su significación

Etude de la variabilité de la résistance in situ des roches d'un bassin sédimentaire

La géostatistique et les propriétés mécaniques des roches -- Le système ENPASOL numérique -- Environnement géologique -- Méthodologie -- Obtention des demi-variogrammes -- Modélisation des demi-variogrammes -- La détection des couches à l'intérieur d'une même lithologie -- Les effets du changement de dimension du support -- Les effets du chargement de l'espacement -- La structure géologique -- La détection des changements de lithologie -- Préambule -- L'allure des demi-variogrammes -- La modélisation des demi-variogrammes -- Les dimensions des couches et leurs espacement -- Le changement de support -- Le changement de l'espacement -- La structure géologique -- Les changements de lithologie -- L'allure générale des demi-variogrammes -- Les effets de changement de dimensions du support -- Les effets de changement de l'espacement -- La structure géologique -- La détection des changements de lithologie

Descent with modification: critical use of historical evidence for conservation

The clear evidence of the accumulating impacts of anthropogenic actions on the Earth system is driving researchers to look to historical data as a resource for understanding the present and predicting the future. In the conservation science literature, using historical sources usually refers to data mining ‘the past’ using the scientific methods of historical ecology. This paper considers the often overlooked methodological challenges of sourcing and interpreting historical data. A schema is provided for conservation scientists, summarising the kinds of questions and metadata required to work rigorously with historical data. This will improve the accuracy of the data we use to construct trends to inform our understanding of the conservation status of particular species and ecosystems. It will also deepen our understanding of the interplays of factors influencing policy and management in particular social-ecological contexts

Spiny lobster development: where does successful metamorphosis to the puerulus occur?: a review

This review re-addresses the question: Where does metamorphosis to the puerulus mainly take place among the shallow-water palinurids? A decade ago we reviewed this ecological question in a paper that focused on phyllosomal development of the western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus. The main region of occurrence of its metamorphosis was found to be in the slope region beyond the shelf break. Because the puerulus of P. cygnus is a non-feeding stage, it was hypothesised that metamorphosis will not occur until the final phyllosoma has reached some critical, and specific, level of stored energy reserves. For late larval development and successful metamorphosis of P. cygnus, the richest food resources seem to be located in the slope waters adjoining the shelf break off Western Australia. This, like most shelf break areas, is a region of higher zooplankton and micronekton biomass than is usually found further offshore, and is dominated (in winter-spring months) by the warm south-flowing Leeuwin Current. In this new review, distribution and abundance data of final phyllosomas and pueruli are examined from, Panulirusargus, Panulirus cygnus, Panulirus japonicus, Panulirus ornatus and Jasus edwardsii, and where possible, related to features of the satellite imagery of the areas in which they occur. We hypothesise that metamorphosis will occur where the final stages have partaken of sufficient, appropriate nutrition to provide them with a reserve of bioenergetic resources, and this can occur where oceanographic fronts effect greater planktonic productivity and concentrations of food organisms. This may be near the shelf-break, or out to large distances offshore, because of large-scale oceanographic events such as the prevailing current system, its off-shoots, mesoscale eddy fronts, counter-currents, etc. However, we contend that, in terms of population recruitment, metamorphosis in most shallow-water palinurid species occurs mainly in the slope waters adjoining the shelf break of the region to which the species is endemic. Although some final phyllosomas may metamorphose much further offshore, it is unlikely that these pueruli will reach the shore, let alone settle and successfully moult to the juvenile stage. All of the data indicate that successful metamorphosis from the final-stage phyllosoma to the puerulus stage in all species occurs offshore but close to the continental shelf

Home range and habitat data for Hispaniolan mammals challenge assumptions for conservation management

Conservation decision-making for threatened species in human-modified landscapes requires detailed knowledge about spatial ecology, but robust data derived from tracking individual animals are often unavailable, with management decisions potentially based on unreliable anecdotal data. Existing data are limited for Hispaniola's two threatened non-volant land mammals, the Hispaniolan hutia (Plagiodontia aedium) and Hispaniolan solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus), with assumptions that hutias are better able to tolerate landscape disturbance. We collected spatial behaviour and habitat use data for Hispaniolan mammals during a multi-year field programme across undisturbed and modified habitats in southwestern Dominican Republic, using GPS units for hutias (11 individuals) and radio-telemetry for solenodons (22 individuals). Although significant differences exist in hutia home range estimates between different GPS error derivation strategies and estimated terrestrial/arboreal behaviour scenarios (95% KDE means = 23,582–28,612 m2), hutias almost exclusively use forest under all estimates (mean observations in forest across all strategies/scenarios = 90.3%, total range = 69.1–100%). Solenodons have larger estimated home ranges (95% KDE mean = 156,700 m2), with differences between wet and dry season estimates, and show much more variation in habitat use than hutias within the same landscape; animals regularly use both forested and modified habitats, being observed most frequently in forest (mean = 74.0%, range = 13.0–99.1%) but also occurring regularly in pasture (mean = 15.9%, range = 0–80.0%) and cropland (mean = 7.7%, range = 0–62.0%), and den in all three habitats. This new baseline on Hispaniolan mammal spatial ecology challenges anecdotal data, and suggests solenodons may be better able to tolerate disturbance and persist in modified landscapes