Efficient and direct iodination of alkyl benzenes using polymer/HIO4 and I2 under mild condition

An efficient and rapid method has been found for the iodination of aromatic compounds using iodine and polymer-supported periodic acid (PSPIA) as an oxidant under mild aprotic conditions. The reagent after the completion of the reaction was easily removed by filtration and was regenerated for further use. This method has some advantages such as: mild reaction conditions, straight forward procedure, inexpensive method, high yields and one-pot conversion. KEY WORDS: Iodine, Polymer-supported periodic acid, Oxidant, Iodination Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2014, 28(2), 305-308.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v28i2.1

Prevalence and new histopathological aspects of Haemoproteus spp. in pigeons from Iran

ΔΕΝ ΔΙΑΤΙΘΕΤΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗHaemoproteus spp. is pathogenic protozoan that effecting blood circulatory system of birds. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the presence of Haemoproteus spp. in pigeons from Iran and associatedhistopathological changes. A total of 108 blood samples were taken from pigeons to investigate Haemoproteus spp. presence by blood smear and semi-nested PCR targeting the cytochrome b gene methods. Also, to evaluate histopathological changes 12 infected pigeons to Haemoproteus were sacrificed and studied. 34.2% of pigeons infected with Haemoproteus showed macro and microgametocytes in their erythrocytes while based on the molecular method 63.8% were infected. Focal lymphocytic aggregates, pigmentation and cell swelling were the main histopathological lesions in infected livers. Multifocal non- suppurative interstitial nephritis, pigmentation and splenic lymphoid hyperplasia were also seen in the infected pigeons. Mild lymphocytic myocarditis in the heart of one pigeon was the other finding. No histopathological changes were seen in brain, intestine, and pancreas. Schizonts with variable shapes and sizes were detected in infected livers, lungs, kidneys, and spleens but megaloschizonts were not found. This study also reports the molecular prevalence of Haemoproteus spp. in Ira

Effect of TiO2-ZnO/GAC on by-product distribution of CVOCs decomposition in a NTP-assisted catalysis system

In this study, the catalytic effect of TiO2-ZnO/GAC coupled with non-thermal plasma was investigated on the byproducts distribution of decomposition of chlorinated VOCs in gas streams. The effect of specific input energy, and initial gas composition was examined in a corona discharge reactor energized by a high frequency pulsed power supply. Detected by-products for catalytic NTP at 750 J L-1 included CO, CO2, Cl2, trichloroacetaldehyde, as well as trichlorobenzaldehyde with chloroform feeding, while they were dominated by CO, CO2, and lower abundance of trichlorobenzaldehyde and Cl2 with chlorobenzene introduction. Some of the by-products such as O3, NO, NO2, and COCl2 disappeared totally over TiO2-ZnO/GAC. Furthermore, the amount of heavy products such as trichlorobenzaldehyde decreased significantly in favor of small molecules such as CO, CO2, and Cl2 with the hybrid process. The selectivity towards COx soared up to 77 over the catalyst at 750 J L-1 and 100 ppm of chlorobenzene. © by Farshid Ghorbani-Shahna 2015

Unit and Unitary Cayley Graphs for the Ring of Eisenstein Integers Modulo N

Let En be the ring of Eisenstein integers modulo n. We denote by G(En) and GEn, the unit graph and the unitary Cayley graph of En, respectively. In this paper, we obtain the value of the diameter, the girth, the clique number and the chromatic number of these graphs. We also prove that for each n>1, the graphs G(En) and GEn are Hamiltonian.I would like to thank the referee for the valuable suggestions and comments

Progression of Coronary Artery Calcium and Incident Heart Failure: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

BackgroundAlthough the association between coronary artery calcium (CAC) and future heart failure (HF) has been shown previously, the value of CAC progression in the prediction of HF has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the association of CAC progression with subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and incident HF in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Methods and resultsThe Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis is a population-based study consisting of 6814 men and women aged 45 to 84, free of overt cardiovascular disease at enrollment, who were recruited from 4 ethnicities. We included 5644 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants who had baseline and follow-up cardiac computed tomography and were free of HF and coronary heart disease before the second cardiac computed tomography. Mean (±SD) age was 61.7±10.2 years and 47.2% were male. The Cox proportional hazard models and multivariable linear regression models were deployed to determine the association of CAC progression with incident HF and subclinical LV dysfunction, respectively. Over a median follow-up of 9.6 (interquartile range: 8.8-10.6) years, 182 participants developed incident HF. CAC progression of 10 units per year was associated with 3% of increased risk of HF independent of overt coronary heart disease (P=0.008). In 2818 participants with available cardiac magnetic resonance images, CAC progression was associated with increased LV end diastolic volume (β=0.16; P=0.03) and LV end systolic volume (β=0.12; P=0.006) after excluding participants with any coronary heart disease.ConclusionsCAC progression was associated with incident HF and modestly increased LV end diastolic volume and LV end systolic volume at follow-up exam independent of overt coronary heart disease

Restriction Spectrum Imaging Differentiates True Tumor Progression From Immune-Mediated Pseudoprogression: Case Report of a Patient With Glioblastoma.

Immunotherapy is increasingly used in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), with immune checkpoint therapy gaining in popularity given favorable outcomes achieved for other tumors. However, immune-mediated (IM)-pseudoprogression is common, remains poorly characterized, and renders conventional imaging of little utility when evaluating for treatment response. We present the case of a 64-year-old man with GBM who developed pathologically proven IM-pseudoprogression after initiation of a checkpoint inhibitor, and who subsequently developed true tumor progression at a distant location. Based on both qualitative and quantitative analysis, we demonstrate that an advanced diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) technique called restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) can differentiate IM-pseudoprogression from true progression even when conventional imaging, including standard DWI/apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), is not informative. These data complement existing literature supporting the ability of RSI to estimate tumor cellularity, which may help to resolve complex diagnostic challenges such as the identification of IM-pseudoprogression