167 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Two-dimensional flux-corrected transport solver for convectively dominated flows
A numerical technique designed to solve a wide class of convectively dominated flow problems is presented. An attractive feature of the technique is its ability to resolve the behavior of field quantities possessing large gradients and/or shocks. The method is a finite-difference technique known as flux-corrected transport (FCT) that maintains four important numerical considerations - stability, accuracy, monotonicity, and conservation. The theory and methodology of two-dimensional FCT is presented. The method is applied in demonstrative example calculations of a 2-D Riemann problem with known exact solutions and to the Euler equations in a study of classical Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability problems. The FCT solver has been vectorized for execution on the Cray 1S - a typical call with a 50 by 50 mesh requires about 0.00428 cpu seconds of execution time per call to the routine. Additionally, we have maintained a modular structure for the solver that eases its implementation. Fortran listings of two versions of the 2-D FCT solvers are appended with a driver main program illustrating the call sequence for the modules. 59 refs., 49 figs
Effects of SO(10)-inspired scalar non-universality on the MSSM parameter space at large tan beta
We analyze the parameter space of the (mu > 0, A_0 = 0) CMSSM at large tan
beta with a small degree of non-universality originating from D-terms and
Higgs-sfermion splitting inspired by SO(10) GUT models. The effects of such
non-universalities on the sparticle spectrum and observables such as (g-2)_mu,
B(b -> X_s gamma), the SUSY threshold corrections to the bottom mass and
Omega_CDM h^2 are examined in detail and the consequences for the allowed
parameter space of the model are investigated. We find that even small
deviations to universality can result in large qualitative differences compared
to the universal case; for certain values of the parameters, we find, even at
low m_16, that radiative electroweak symmetry breaking fails as a consequence
of either |mu|^2 < 0 or m_(A^0)^2 < 0. We find particularly large departures
from the mSugra case for the neutralino relic density, which is sensitive to
significant changes in the position and shape of the A^0 resonance and a
substantial increase in the Higgsino component of the LSP. However, we find
that the corrections to the bottom mass are not sufficient to allow for Yukawa
unification.Comment: 53 pages, 14 figures, elsart format, some minor corrections,
references adde
What if Supersymmetry Breaking Unifies beyond the GUT Scale?
We study models in which soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters of the MSSM
become universal at some unification scale, , above the GUT scale,
\mgut. We assume that the scalar masses and gaugino masses have common
values, and respectively, at . We use the
renormalization-group equations of the minimal supersymmetric SU(5) GUT to
evaluate their evolutions down to \mgut, studying their dependences on the
unknown parameters of the SU(5) superpotential. After displaying some generic
examples of the evolutions of the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters, we
discuss the effects on physical sparticle masses in some specific examples. We
note, for example, that near-degeneracy between the lightest neutralino and the
lighter stau is progressively disfavoured as increases. This has the
consequence, as we show in planes for several different values
of , that the stau coannihilation region shrinks as
increases, and we delineate the regions of the plane
where it is absent altogether. Moreover, as increases, the focus-point
region recedes to larger values of for any fixed and
. We conclude that the regions of the plane that are
commonly favoured in phenomenological analyses tend to disappear at large
.Comment: 24 pages with 11 eps figures; references added, some figures
corrected, discussion extended and figure added; version to appear in EPJ
CP asymmetries in the supersymmetric trilepton signal at the LHC
In the CP-violating Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, we study the
production of a neutralino-chargino pair at the LHC. For their decays into
three leptons, we analyze CP asymmetries which are sensitive to the CP phases
of the neutralino and chargino sector. We present analytical formulas for the
entire production and decay process, and identify the CP-violating
contributions in the spin correlation terms. This allows us to define the
optimal CP asymmetries. We present a detailed numerical analysis of the cross
sections, branching ratios, and the CP observables. For light neutralinos,
charginos, and squarks, the asymmetries can reach several 10%. We estimate the
discovery potential for the LHC to observe CP violation in the trilepton
channel.Comment: 39 pages, 8 figures, version to appear in EPJC, discussion(s) added,
typo in (D.79), (D.118) corrected, new Fig. 7; The European Physical Journal
C, Volume 72, Issue 3, 201
Spectral method for the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a harmonic trap
We study the numerical resolution of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii
equation, a non-linear Schroedinger equation used to simulate the dynamics of
Bose-Einstein condensates. Considering condensates trapped in harmonic
potentials, we present an efficient algorithm by making use of a spectral
Galerkin method, using a basis set of harmonic oscillator functions, and the
Gauss-Hermite quadrature. We apply this algorithm to the simulation of
condensate breathing and scissors modes.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure
CDMS, Supersymmetry and Extra Dimensions
The CDMS experiment aims to directly detect massive, cold dark matter
particles originating from the Milky Way halo. Charge and lattice excitations
are detected after a particle scatters in a Ge or Si crystal kept at ~30 mK,
allowing to separate nuclear recoils from the dominating electromagnetic
background. The operation of 12 detectors in the Soudan mine for 75 live days
in 2004 delivered no evidence for a signal, yielding stringent limits on dark
matter candidates from supersymmetry and universal extra dimensions. Thirty Ge
and Si detectors are presently installed in the Soudan cryostat, and operating
at base temperature. The run scheduled to start in 2006 is expected to yield a
one order of magnitude increase in dark matter sensitivity.Comment: To be published in the proceedings of the 7th UCLA symposium on
sources and detection of dark matter and dark energy in the universe, Marina
del Rey, Feb 22-24, 200
Electronic structure and exotic exchange splitting in spin-density-wave states of BaFeAs
The magnetic properties in the parent compounds are often intimately related
to the microscopic mechanism of superconductivity. Here we report the first
direct measurements on the electronic structure of a parent compound of the
newly discovered iron-based superconductor, BaFeAs, which provides a
foundation for further studies. We show that the energy of the spin density
wave (SDW) in BaFeAs is lowered through exotic exchange splitting of
the band structure, rather than Fermi surface nesting of itinerant electrons.
This clearly demonstrates that a metallic SDW state could be solely induced by
interactions of local magnetic moments, resembling the nature of
antiferromagnetic order in cuprate parent compounds.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
String theoretic QCD axion with stabilized saxion and the pattern of supersymmetry breaking
String theoretic axion is a prime candidate for the QCD axion solving the
strong CP problem. For a successful realization of the QCD axion in string
theory, one needs to stabilize moduli including the scalar partner (saxion) of
the QCD axion, while keeping the QCD axion unfixed until the low energy QCD
instanton effects are turned on. We note that a simple generalization of KKLT
moduli stabilization provides such set-up realizing the axion solution to the
strong CP problem. Although some details of moduli stabilization are different
from the original KKLT scenario, this set-up leads to the mirage mediation
pattern of soft SUSY breaking terms as in the KKLT case, preserving flavor and
CP as a consequence of approximate scaling and axionic shift symmetries. The
set-up also gives an interesting pattern of moduli masses which might avoid the
cosmological moduli, gravitino and axion problems.Comment: JHEP style, 21 pages, 3 figures; typos correcte
Pegylated interferon alfa-2a for polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia resistant or intolerant to hydroxyurea
Prior studies have reported high response rates with recombinant interferon-a (rIFN-a) therapy in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV). To further define the role of rIFN-a,we investigated the outcomes of pegylated-rIFN-a2a (PEG) therapy in ET and PV patients previously treated with hydroxyurea (HU). The Myeloproliferative Disorders Research Consortium (MPD-RC)-111 study was an investigator-initiated, international, multicenter, phase 2 trial evaluating the ability of PEG therapy to induce complete (CR) and partial (PR) hematologic responses in patients with high-risk ET or PVwho were either refractory or intolerant to HU. The study included 65 patients with ET and 50 patients with PV. The overall response rates (ORRs; CR/PR) at 12 monthswere 69.2%(43.1% and 26.2%) in ET patients and 60% (22% and 38%) in PV patients. CR rates were higher in CALR-mutated ET patients (56.5% vs 28.0%; P 5 .01), compared with those in subjects lacking a CALR mutation. The median absolute reduction in JAK2V617F variant allele fraction was 26% (range, 284%to 47%) in patients achieving a CR vs 14%(range, 218% to 56%) in patients with PR or nonresponse (NR). Therapy was associated with a significant rate of adverse events (AEs); most were manageable, and PEG discontinuation related to AEs occurred in only 13.9% of subjects. We conclude that PEG is an effective therapy for patients with ET or PV who were previously refractory and/or intolerant of HU
PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual
The PYTHIA program can be used to generate high-energy-physics `events', i.e.
sets of outgoing particles produced in the interactions between two incoming
particles. The objective is to provide as accurate as possible a representation
of event properties in a wide range of reactions, within and beyond the
Standard Model, with emphasis on those where strong interactions play a role,
directly or indirectly, and therefore multihadronic final states are produced.
The physics is then not understood well enough to give an exact description;
instead the program has to be based on a combination of analytical results and
various QCD-based models. This physics input is summarized here, for areas such
as hard subprocesses, initial- and final-state parton showers, underlying
events and beam remnants, fragmentation and decays, and much more. Furthermore,
extensive information is provided on all program elements: subroutines and
functions, switches and parameters, and particle and process data. This should
allow the user to tailor the generation task to the topics of interest.Comment: 576 pages, no figures, uses JHEP3.cls. The code and further
information may be found on the PYTHIA web page:
http://www.thep.lu.se/~torbjorn/Pythia.html Changes in version 2: Mistakenly
deleted section heading for "Physics Processes" reinserted, affecting section
numbering. Minor updates to take into account referee comments and new colour
reconnection option
- …