Effect of chemical control of weeds on yield and yield components of rapeseed in Ahvaz region

To investigate the effect of chemical control of weeds on yield and yield components of rapeseed in Ahvaz region, a split-plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in 2012. The main factor in this experiment was 6 treatments including: control without the weed, application of Trifluralin herbicide, 2.5 liter per hectare pre planting, Butisan Star herbicide, 2.5 liters per hectare of the crop, Pre-emergence, Sethoxydim herbicide, 3 liters per hectare, Lonetral herbicide; 0.9 liters per hectare and control with the weed and the sub-factor included two cultivars of rapeseed (Hyola 308 and Hyola 401). The results showed that control treatment and Hyola 401 had the highest yield, and among the herbicides Trifluralin herbicide improved yield of rapeseed by better control of the weed. This fact shows high adaptability of Hyola 401 to the climate of Khuzestan (Iran) and also high ability of Trifluralin in controlling weeds in rapeseed

Effect of chemical control of weeds on yield and yield components of rapeseed in Ahvaz region

To investigate the effect of chemical control of weeds on yield and yield components of rapeseed in Ahvaz region, a split-plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in 2012. The main factor in this experiment was 6 treatments including: control without the weed, application of Trifluralin herbicide, 2.5 liter per hectare pre planting, Butisan Star herbicide, 2.5 liters per hectare of the crop, Pre-emergence, Sethoxydim herbicide, 3 liters per hectare, Lonetral herbicide; 0.9 liters per hectare and control with the weed and the sub-factor included two cultivars of rapeseed (Hyola 308 and Hyola 401). The results showed that control treatment and Hyola 401 had the highest yield, and among the herbicides Trifluralin herbicide improved yield of rapeseed by better control of the weed. This fact shows high adaptability of Hyola 401 to the climate of Khuzestan (Iran) and also high ability of Trifluralin in controlling weeds in rapeseed

Detection and estimation of Platelet- derived MicroParticles Quantity during Storage Time

Background: Platelet MPs are produced automatically during platelet storage. Their size is about 0.1 – 1 µm and have ability for sub- endothelium adhering, strengthen of platelet aggregation and also platelet pre- coagulation. In fact, the release of membrane particles helps to signal to the neighbor cells or to seclude target cells from apoptosis. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of time passing on platelet MPs production.Methods: In this experimental study, 12 units of PC from healthy donors were obtained. Sampling was done at 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after storage. After separating of MPs, they were prepared for flow cytometery analyses by anti- CD41a FITC and assessed their concentration through Bradford methods. Paired sample T-test and ANOVA were used to compare the results and investigate the probable significant differences of this experiment.Results: There was no significant difference in platelet MPs concentration between PC stored in day 2 and 3. (P> 0.05) On the other hand, we could claim significant differences in platelet MPs concentration between PC stored in day 3 and day 5 and also between day 5 and day 7. (P< 0.05)Conclusions: We showed that the production or releasing of platelet MPs were considerable by passing time. Also by increasing of  storage time, platelet component included more MPs which were able to signal and produce interaction with other cells in patient receiving bodies. As a result, it was possible to interfere in their immune responses, inflammatory or coagulation processes after transfusio

Detection and estimation of Platelet- derived MicroParticles Quantity during Storage Time

Background: Platelet MPs are produced automatically during platelet storage. Their size is about 0.1 – 1 µm and have ability for sub- endothelium adhering, strengthen of platelet aggregation and also platelet pre- coagulation. In fact, the release of membrane particles helps to signal to the neighbor cells or to seclude target cells from apoptosis. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of time passing on platelet MPs production.Methods: In this experimental study, 12 units of PC from healthy donors were obtained. Sampling was done at 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after storage. After separating of MPs, they were prepared for flow cytometery analyses by anti- CD41a FITC and assessed their concentration through Bradford methods. Paired sample T-test and ANOVA were used to compare the results and investigate the probable significant differences of this experiment.Results: There was no significant difference in platelet MPs concentration between PC stored in day 2 and 3. (P> 0.05) On the other hand, we could claim significant differences in platelet MPs concentration between PC stored in day 3 and day 5 and also between day 5 and day 7. (P< 0.05)Conclusions: We showed that the production or releasing of platelet MPs were considerable by passing time. Also by increasing of  storage time, platelet component included more MPs which were able to signal and produce interaction with other cells in patient receiving bodies. As a result, it was possible to interfere in their immune responses, inflammatory or coagulation processes after transfusio

Preventive effects of garlic (Allium sativum) on oxidative stress and histopathology of cardiac tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Since some complications of diabetes mellitus may be caused or exacerbated by an oxidative stress, the protective effects of garlic (Allium sativum) were investigated in the blood and heart of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, garlic, diabetic, and diabetic+garlic. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) in male rats. Rats were fed with raw fresh garlic homogenate (250 mg/kg) six days a week by gavage for a period of 6 weeks. At the end of the 6th week blood samples and heart tissues were collected and used for determination of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and histological evaluation. Induction of diabetes increased MDA levels in blood and homogenates of heart. In diabetic rats treated with garlic, MDA levels decreased in blood and heart homogenates. Treatment of diabetic rats with garlic increased SOD, GPX and CAT in blood and heart homogenates. Histopathological finding of the myocardial tissue confirmed a protective role for garlic in diabetic rats. Thus, the present study reveals that garlic may effectively modulate antioxidants status in the blood and heart of streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats

Combination of Vildagliptin and Ischemic Postconditioning in Diabetic Hearts as a Working Strategy to Reduce Myocardial Reperfusion Injury by Restoring Mitochondrial Function and Autophagic Activity

Purpose: Diabetic hearts are resistant to cardioprotection by ischemic-postconditioning (IPostC). Protection of diabetic hearts and finding related interfering mechanisms would have clinical benefits. This study investigated the combination effects of vildagliptin (Vilda) and IPostC on cardioprotection and the levels of autophagy and mitochondrial function following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in type-II diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was established by high fat diet/low dose of streptozotocin and lasted for 12 weeks. The diabetic rats received Vilda (6 mg/kg/day, orally) for one month before I/R. Myocardial regional ischemia was induced through the ligation of left coronary artery, and IPostC was applied immediately at the onset of reperfusion. The infarct size was assessed by a computerised planimetry and left ventricles samples were harvested for cardiac mitochondrial function studies (ROS production, membrane potential and staining) and western blotting was used for determination of autophagy markers. Results: None of Vilda or IPostC but combination of them could significantly reduce the infarct size of diabetic hearts, comparing to control (P<0.001). IPostC could not significantly affect p62 expression level in diabetic hearts, but pre-treatment with Vilda alone (p<0.05) and in combination with IPostC (p<0.01) more significantly decreased p62 expression in comparison with corresponding control group. The expression of LC3B-II and LC3BII/LC3BI as well as mitochondrial ROS production were decreased significantly in treatment groups (p<0.001). Mitochondrial membrane depolarization was significantly higher and mitochondrial density was lower in untreated diabetic I/R hearts than treated groups (p<0.001). IPostC in combination with vildagliptin prevented the mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased the mitochondrial content more potent than IPostC alone in diabetic hearts. Conclusion: Combination of vildagliptin and IPostC in diabetic hearts was a well-working strategy to reduce myocardial I/R damages by restoring mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production and modulating the autophagic activity in I/R hearts

Troxerutin, a Bioflavonoid, Improves Oxidative Stress in Blood of Streptozotocin-Induced Type-1 Diabetic Rats: Troxerutin improves oxidative stress in diabetic rats

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to destruction of the beta cells. There is increasing evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in the development of diabetic complications. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of troxerutin administration on oxidative stress markers in blood of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as: control (con), control-troxerutin (CON-TRX), diabetes (Dia), diabetic-troxerutin (DIA-TRX). Type 1 diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (i.p, 55mg/kg) and lasted for 10 weeks. Animals received oral administration of troxerutin (150 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. At the end of study, malondialdehyde (MDA, the main product of lipid peroxidation), activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were measured spectrophotometrically. Induction of diabetes with STZ resulted in increased MDA levels and decreased blood antioxidant capacity as compared with those of controls (P&lt;0.05). Pre-treatment of diabetic rats with troxerutin significantly decreased the levels of MDA (P&lt;0.01) and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GPX, and CAT compared to untreated-diabetic groups. Troxerutin had no significant influence on non-diabetic rats. These findings showed that troxerutin may prevent oxidative complications of diabetic circumstances by elevating antioxidant enzymes activities and reducing lipid peroxidation