Vickers indentasyon deneyleri ile malzeme özelliklerinin tanımı

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.İndentasyon testleri geleneksel mekanik testlerin kapasitelerinin önemli bir oranda geliştiği, diğer mekanik testlere nazaran yeni bir metottur. İndentasyon testleri çoğunlukla malzemelerin sertlik ve elastisite modülünü berlirlemek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır.Bu çalışmada, malzemelerin(QSt32-3,20MnB4, 30MnB3, 42CrMo4) elastisite modülülleri Vickers indentasyon deneyleriyle belirlenmiştir, ayrıca gerçek gerilme-gerçek birim şekil değişimi eğrilerinin Vickers indentasyon yöntemi ile bulunabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, uygulanan yöntemler elastisite modülü ve gerçek gerilme-gerçek birim şekil değişimi eğrileri için çekme deneyleri sonuçları ile uyumlu sonuçlar vermiştir.Indentation test are a relatively new metod of mechanical testing that significantly expands on the capabilities od traditional mechanical testing. Indentation tests are widely used for determination of hardness and elastic modulus.In this study elastic modulus of materials (QSt32-3,20MnB4, 30MnB3, 42CrMo4) are determined by Vickers indentation tests, also it is researced that true stres-strain curve can be obtain from Vickers indentation test or not. In conclusion a good estimate of elastic modulus, yield stres and true stres-strain curve of tested materials are given by applied metods

Effectiveness of virtual reality-based vestibular rehabilitation in patients with peripheral vestibular hypofunction

Indexed keywords Metrics Abstract Background/aim: The rehabilitation of classical peripheral vestibular disorders is long and costly. Recently, interactive systems based on virtual reality (VR) technology have reduced the cost of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) and made the process more enjoyable. This study aims to investigate the effects of VR-based VRT in patients diagnosed with peripheral vestibular hypofunction (PVH). Materials and methods: In this study, a VR-based VRT program that utilized Sony Playstation®4 VR Head Mounted Display was applied to 25 patients (between 18–60) diagnosed with PVH. PVH was diagnosed by evaluating the patients’ clinical histories, the findings in the “Micromedical Technologies VisualEyes Spectrum” videonystagmography (VNG) and the “Micromedical Aqua Stim” model bithermal water caloric tests. VR-based VRT program was applied to the patients for 4 weeks, 2 sessions per week, 8 sessions in total. Each session lasted around 30 to 40 min. All patients underwent the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Adaptation Test (ADT), Limits of Stability (LOS), and Rhythmic Weight Shift (RWS) before, after, and 8-week follow-up of the VRT program. In addition, the Cybersickness Survey was applied to the patients at the end of the VR-based VRT session every week. Results: The DHI mean scores of the patients were 54.60, 19.20, and 16.84, respectively, before, just after, and at the 8-week follow-up VRT (p < 0.001). The mean SOT composite score of the patients was obtained as 58.08 before VRT; 77.16 after VRT and 76.40 at 8-week after VRT (p < 0.000). On the other hand, the values in the ‘movement velocity’ and “direction control” parameters of the patients in LOS and RWS showed a significant improvement after VRT compared to before VRT (p < 0.000). From before VRT to 8 weeks after VRT, the patient’s oscillation averages in the ‘toes up’ and ‘toes down’ positions in ADT reduced progressively (p < 0.000). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that implementing a VR-based VRT protocol may be an efficient option to improve posture stability and the quality of life in patients with PVH. In addition, VR-based vestibular rehabilitation therapy has shown to be effective for PVH patients in the mid-term

Yüz anotomisine dayalı ifade tanıma

Literatürde sunulan geometriye dayalı yüz ifadesi tanıma algoritmaları çoğunlukla araştırmacılar tarafından seçilen nirengi noktalarının devinimlerine veya yüz ifadesi kodlama sistemi (FACS) tarafından tanımlanan eylem birimlerinin etkinlik derecelerine odaklanır. Her iki yaklaşımda da nirengi noktaları, ifadenin en yoğun gözlemlendiği dudak, burun kenarları ve alın üzerinde konumlandırılır. Farklı kas etkinlikleri, birden fazla kasın etki alanında bulunan bu nirengi noktaları üzerinde benzer devinimlere neden olurlar. Bu nedenle, karmaşık ifadelerin belli noktalara konulan, sınırlı sayıdaki nirengi ile analizi oldukça zordur. Bu projede, yüz üzerinde kas etkinlik alanlarına dağıtılmış çok sayıda nirengi nokta-sının yüz ifadesinin oluşturulması sürecinde izlenmesi ile kas etkinlik derecelerinin belirlenmesini önerdik. Önerdiğimiz yüz ifadesi tanıma algoritması altı aşama içerir; (1) yüz modelinin deneğin yüzüne uyarlanması, (2) herhangi bir kasın etki alanında bulunan tüm nirengi noktalarının imge dizisinin ardışık çerçevelerinde izlenmesi, (3) baş yöneliminin belirlenmesi ve yüz modelinin imge üzerinde gözlemlenen yüz ile hizalanması, (4) yüze ait nirengi noktalarının deviniminden yola çıkarak model düğümlerinin yeni koordinatlarının kestirimi, (5) düğüm devinimlerinin kas kuvvetleri için çözülmesi, ve (6) elde edilen kas kuvvetleri ile yüz ifadesi sınıflandırılmasının yapılması. Algoritmamız, modelin yüze uyarlanması aşamasında yüz imgesi üzerinde nirengi noktalarının seçilmesi haricinde tamamen otomatiktir. Kas etkinliğine dayalı bu öznitelikleri temel ve belirsiz ifadelerin sınıflandırılması problemlerinde sınadık. Yedi adet temel yüz ifadesi üzerinde SVM sınıflandırıcısı ile %76 oranında başarı elde ettik. Bu oran, insanların ifade tanımadaki yetkinliklerine yakındır. Yedi temel ifadenin belirsiz gözlemlendiği çerçevelerde en yüksek başarıyı yine SVM sınıflandırıcısı ile %55 olarak elde ettik. Bu başarım, kas kuvvetlerinin genellikle hafif ve ani görülen istemsiz ifadelerin seziminde de başarılı olabileceğini göstermektedir. Kas kuvvetleri, yüz ifadesinin oluşturulmasındaki temel fiziksel gerçekliği yansıtan özniteliklerdir. Kas etkinliklerinin hassasiyetle kestirimi, belirsiz ifade değişikliklerinin sezimini sağladığı gibi, karmaşık yüz ifadelerinin sınıflandırılmalarını kolaylaştıracaktır. Ek olarak, araştırmacılar veya uzmanlar tarafından seçilen nirengi devinimleri ile kısıtlı kal-mayan bu yaklaşım, duygular ve yüz ifadeleri arasında bilinmeyen bağıntıların ortaya çıkarılmasını sağlayabilecektir.The geometric approaches to facial expression recognition commonly focus on the displa-cement of feature points that are selected by the researchers or the action units that aredefined by the facial action coding system (FACS). In both approaches the feature pointsare carefully located on lips, nose and the forehead, where an expression is observed at itsfull strength. Since these regions are under the influence of multiple muscles, distinct mus-cular activities could result in similar displacements of the feature points. Hence, analysisof complex expressions through a set of specific feature points is quite difficult.In this project we propose to extract the facial muscle activity levels through multiplepoints distributed over the muscular regions of influence. The proposed algorithm consistsof; (1) semi–automatic customization of the face model to a subject, (2) identification andtracking of facial features that reside in the region of influence of a muscle, (3) estimationof head orientation and alignment of the face model with the observed face, (4) estima-tion of relative displacements of vertices that produce facial expressions, (5) solving vertexdisplacements to obtain muscle forces, and (6) classification of facial expression with themuscle force features. Our algorithm requires manual intervention only in the stage ofmodel customization.We demonstrate the representative power of the proposed muscle–based features onclassification problems of seven basic and subtle expressions. The best performance onthe classification problem of basic expressions was 76%, obtained by use of SVM. Thisresult is close to the performance of humans in facial expression recognition. Our bestperformance for classification of seven subtle expressions was %55, once again by use ofSVM. This figure implies that muscle–based features are good candidates for involuntaryexpressions, which are often subtle and instantaneous.Muscle forces can be considered as the ultimate base functions that anatomicallycompose all expressions. Increased reliability in extraction of muscle forces will enabledetection and classification of subtle and complex expressions with higher precision. Mo-reover, the proposed algorithm may be used to reveal unknown mechanisms of emotionsand expressions as it is not limited to a predefined set of heuristic features.TÜBİTA

Role of long-term vestibular rehabilitation in a patient with posterior fossa tumor: A case report with 2 years of follow-up

Objective: Unusual clinical courseBackground: Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD) is caused by a rare slow-growing mass in the cerebellum. LDD generally is experienced by young adults, but also it has been encountered in the pediatric population. Lhermitte and Duclos first described cerebellar dysplastic gangliocytoma in 1920. The first case they described included occipital headache, paroxysmal vertigo, falls, hearing problems, and memory deficits. Our patient had typical symptoms of the disorder such as headache, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, and imbalance. The purpose of this case report was to describe the outcome of a computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) vestibular training program combined with home-based exercises designed to improve balance function and reduce the risk of falling by an individual with a posterior fossa tumor.Case Report: A 36-year-old male patient was diagnosed with dysplastic gangliocytoma/ganglioglioma according to magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and pathology reports on March 28, 2016. The patient was treated by partial cerebellar tumor resection on April 7, 2016. After the operation, he reported severe imbalance, nausea, and vomiting for 1 month and visited the Audiology Department on October 20, 2016. The patient was evaluated with the CDP-sensory organization test (SOT) and his composite equilibrium score of this examination was 48, 31% below normal. We administered a 6-week posturography-assisted vestibular rehabilitation (VR) protocol (extending an hour per week) combined with a home-based exercise program twice in 2 years. In the second evaluation we applied in 2018, SOT composite equilibrium score increased to 72 after VR, reaching normal limits. After 2 years, his complaints slightly alleviated and his SOT scores were better when we compared the VR results in 2016.Conclusions: We demonstrated that long-term VR may affect a patient with dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (LDD) presenting imbalance or dizziness

Evaluation of individuals with hearing loss in terms of social and emotional aspects: Cross-sectional research

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; işitme cihazı (İC), koklear implant (Kİ) kullanıcısı olan ve İC/Kİ endikasyonu olup, İC/Kİ kullanıcısı olmayan işitme kayıplı erişkinlere işitme kaybının yol açtığı sosyal ve emosyonel etkileniminin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Saf ses odyometri testi sonucuna göre orta, orta-ileri, ileri ve çok ileri derecede sensörinöral tip işitme kaybı tanısı almış 18-65 yaş aralığında 60 İC kullanıcısı (Grup I), 60 Kİ kullanıcısı (Grup II) olan ve orta, orta-ileri, ileri derecede işitme kayıplı olup İC/Kİ kullanıcısı olmayan (Grup III) 60 kişiye “Yetişkinler İçin İşitme Engeli Ölçeği (İEÖ-E)” uygulandı. Ölçeğin emosyonel ve sosyal alt başlıklarından elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi için SPSS versiyon 25.0 (SPSS inc., Chicago, IL, ABD) programından Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U ve Pearson korelasyon analiz test yöntemlerine başvuruldu. Bulgular: Ölçeğin, sosyal ve emosyonel Cronbach katsayısı sırasıyla α=0,88 ve α=0,92 olarak elde edilirken, genel Cronbach katsayısı α=0,95 olarak bulundu. Hem Grup I hem de Grup II, Grup İEÖ-E puanları Grup III’e göre düşük bulundu (p=0,000). Grup I ve Grup II kullanıcıları birbirleriyle karşılaştırıldığında, İEÖ-E sosyal etkilenim puanlarında anlamlı fark elde edilirken (p=0,032), emosyonel etkilenim ve toplam puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark elde edilemedi (p=0,105). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, İC/Kİ işitme kaybı endikasyonu olmasına rağmen herhangi bir işitme protezi İC/Kİ kullanmayan bireylerin İC/Kİ kullanan bireylere nazaran sosyal ve emosyonel yönden daha iyi oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca işitme kayıplı bireylerin gereksinimine göre cihazlandırılmasının (İC ve/veya Kİ) yaşam kalitesini iyileştirebileceğini göstermiştir.Objective: Aim of this study was to evaluate the social and emotional effects of hearing aid (HA), cochlear implant (CI) users and adults with HA/CI indications without amplification HA/CI. Material and Methods: The inventory was applied to individuals aged 18-65 years who were diagnosed with moderate, moderate-to-profound, severe and very severe sensorineural hearing loss via pure tone audiometry. There were 60 participants with HA (Group I), 60 participants with CI (Group II) and 60 participants with diagnosed with moderate, moderate-to-severe, severe hearing loss but without amplification (HA/CI) (Group III). Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation tests were used. Results: Cronbach’s coefficients of the social and emotional scale were found as α=0.88 and α=0.92, respectively. The overall Cronbach’s coefficient was found as α=0.95. The HHIA scores of Group I and Group II were found to be lower than Group III (p=0.000). There was a significant difference in the scores of group I and group II in terms of HHIA social subscale (p=0.032). Hovewer, there was no statistically significant difference between the HHIA general scores compared to the HA group and the CI group (p=0.105). Conclusion: It has been revealed that HA and CI users are socially and emotionally better than participants who do not use any hearing aid, even though they have HA/CI indications. Furthermore, our study has shown that providing hearing aids according to the needs of individuals with hearing loss (HA and/or CI) can improve their quality of life

Determination of citizenship organizational level of physical education teachersBeden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin örgütsel vatandaşlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi

The aim of this research is to determine the organizational citizenship levels of physical education teacher. In our research, survey method was used. The study participant 533 survey. Cronbach's alpha value is obtained as 91.2% for the overall scale of the reliability of the scale was determined to be high. Female teachers have a higher value than the average score courtesy of male teachers (p = 0.001 &lt;0.05). altruism by level of education, the difference between the average education level of teachers according to the conscientiousness and civic virtue subscales were statistically significant. teachers with undergraduate education, according to teachers with graduate level education altruism, conscientiousness and civic virtue score values for the dimensions are higher. The average difference between the levels according to the tasks carried out by level made the task of conscientiousness subscale teachers are statistically significant (p = 0.042 &lt;0.05). According to the economic welfare of altruism among teachers, conscientiousness, courtesy, sportsmanship and civic virtue lower average difference in size is not statistically significant (p&gt; 0.05). ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin örgütsel vatandaşlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmamızda anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 533 denek katılmıştır. Cronbach’s Alfa değeri genel ölçek için %91.2 olarak elde edilmiş olup ölçeğin güvenirliğinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadın öğretmenlerin erkek öğretmenlere göre ortalama nezaket skor değeri daha yüksektir(p=0.001 &lt;0.05). Eğitim seviyesine göre diğerkâmlık, vicdanlılık ve sivil erdem alt boyutlarında eğitim seviyesine göre öğretmenler arasındaki ortalama farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Lisans eğitim düzeyine sahip öğretmenlerin, lisansüstü eğitim seviyesine sahip öğretmenlere göre diğerkâmlık, vicdanlılık ve sivil erdem alt boyutlarına ilişkin skor değerleri daha yüksektir.  Görev yapılan kademelere göre vicdanlılık alt boyutunda görev yapılan kademelere göre öğretmenler arasındaki ortalama farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (p=0.042 &lt;0.05). Ekonomik refah düzeyine göre öğretmenler arasında diğerkâmlık, vicdanlılık, nezaket, centilmenlik ve sivil erdem alt boyutlarında ortalama farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir(p&gt;0.05)

THE USE OF THE AUTOMATED DIGITAL ZENITH CAMERA SYSTEM IN ISTANBUL FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ASTROGEODETIC VERTICAL DEFLECTION

The Digital Zenith Camera Systems (DZCSs) are dedicated astrogeodetic instruments used to obtain highly accurate astrogeodetic vertical deflection (VD) data. The first Turkish DZCS, the Astrogeodetic Camera System (ACSYS), was developed in Istanbul, Turkey in 2015. The ACSYS was capable of determining astrogeodetic VDs with an accuracy of ~0.3 arcseconds. However, it had some limitations in observation duration: because of the semi-automated mechanical design, levelling the system towards zenith was a time-consuming process. Since 2016, the ACSYS has been modernized through system upgrades and new technological components. In this paper, we describe the instrument design of the new DZCS—ACSYS2—observation procedures, evaluation of the test data and calculations of these data. The preliminary ACSYS2 astrogeodetic test observations were conducted at Istanbul Technical University (ITU) test station. The standard deviation results of the repeated observations reveal a VD measurement precision of ~0.3 arcseconds for both the North-South and East-West components. To investigate the accuracy of the system, a lightweight total station based-geodetic system—QDaedalus—was also used at the ITU test station. The comparison of the VDs data between ACSYS2 and QDaedalus system shows that the ACSYS2 can produce reliable VDs data

Examining relationship between burnout level and socio-demographic characteristics of teachers: A case study for Ayaş, Güdül, Beypazarı, Nallıhan

In this study, Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to determine the relationship between 533 teachers’ level of burnout; who work in Ayaş, Güdül, Beypazarı and Nallıhan provinces in the northern of Ankara in different positions and their socio-demographic variables. According to obtained data results; number of children, staff position and felt wealth level in desensitisation dimension and gender, education level and staff position in personal success dimension were determined as significant. It was concluded that marital status, duration of experience in job and staff position in management were not statistically significant on emotional exhaustion, desensitisation and personal success

Investigation of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on audiology students in Turkey: A cross-sectional survey study in the COVID-19 era

In early 2020, after December 2019 outbreak in China, the World Health Organization (WHO) identified SARS-CoV-2 as a new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) (1). The COVID-19 announced as pandemic that occur severe acute respiratory syndrome and has not been previously identified in humans (1). Researches show that person-to-person transmission can occur via direct contact or through droplets spread by coughing or sneezing from an infected individual. All countries of the world have taken precautions against this virus, which has no effective treatment and spreads rapidly (2)